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    Power Point Presentation MARPOLAnnexI

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    Simona SB
    The document provides an overview of MARPOL Annex I regulations for preventing pollution by oil. Key points include: - MARPOL was adopted in response to major oil spills from ship accidents in the 1960s/70s. - Annex I contains regulations for oil tanker design, construction, equipment, and operations to restrict oil discharges. - Special areas with stricter controls are designated in enclosed seas and certain coastal waters. - Regulations require oil filtering equipment and monitoring of oil discharged from ships.

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    Power Point Presentation MARPOLAnnexI

    Uploaded by

    Simona SB
    153 views22 pages
    The document provides an overview of MARPOL Annex I regulations for preventing pollution by oil. Key points include: - MARPOL was adopted in response to major oil spills from ship accidents in the 1960s/70s. - Annex I contains regulations for oil tanker design, construction, equipment, and operations to restrict oil discharges. - Special areas with stricter controls are designated in enclosed seas and certain coastal waters. - Regulations require oil filtering equipment and monitoring of oil discharged from ships.

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    Power Point Presentation MARPOLAnnexI

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    The document provides an overview of MARPOL Annex I regulations for preventing pollution by oil. Key points include: - MARPOL was adopted in response to major oil spills from ship accidents in the 1960s/70s. - Annex I contains regulations for oil tanker design, construction, equipment, and operations to restrict oil discharges. - Special areas with stricter controls are designated in enclosed seas and certain coastal waters. - Regulations require oil filtering equipment and monitoring of oil discharged from ships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    153 views22 pages

    Power Point Presentation MARPOLAnnexI

    Uploaded by

    Simona SB
    The document provides an overview of MARPOL Annex I regulations for preventing pollution by oil. Key points include: - MARPOL was adopted in response to major oil spills from ship accidents in the 1960s/70s. - Annex I contains regulations for oil tanker design, construction, equipment, and operations to restrict oil discharges. - Special areas with stricter controls are designated in enclosed seas and certain coastal waters. - Regulations require oil filtering equipment and monitoring of oil discharged from ships.

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    of 22

    MARPOL Annex I

    Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil


    An introduction to
    the International
    Regulations for the
    prevention of
    pollution by oil

    Course Coordinator: D.
    Dinu
    Student: Ana Maria Stan

    Introduction
    1.
    2.

    MARPOL
    Annex I
    i.
    ii.

    Regulations and Chapters


    Fundamentals
    1. Operation
    2. Construction

    1. MARPOL
    Torrey Canyon 1967

    1959 US built, 60,000 dwt, ,


    Li. flagged
    Jumboised to 120,000 dwt
    Cargo 120,000 ts of BP oil
    for Milford Haven
    Navigational error caused
    grounding ripping open 6
    tanks
    31,000,000 gallons of oil
    leaked
    Oil spread along the sea
    between England and France

    1. MARPOL
    Amoco Cadiz 1978

    1974 built Amoco Cadiz carrying


    227,000tonnes of crude oil
    ran aground off the coast of
    Brittany, France at 10:00 p.m. on
    March 16, 1978
    The whole cargo spilled out as the
    breakers spilt the vessel in two,
    progressively polluting 360 km of
    shoreline
    At the time this was the largest oil
    spill by tanker ever registered.

    1. MARPOL
    The International Convention for the
    Prevention of Pollution from Ships
    (MARPOL)
    as amended by the 1978 Protocol (MARPOL
    73/78)

    Just Oil

    1954 OILPOL Convention

    Operational

    Discharge zones (50nm and 100ppm)

    Reception facilities

    1. MARPOL
    Not just Oil
    MARPOL Annexes I VI
    I.

    Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil

    II.

    Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid


    Substances in Bulk

    III.

    Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Harmful


    Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form

    IV.

    Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships

    V.

    Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from


    Ships

    VI.

    Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships

    1. MARPOL
    MARPOL Implementation
    1967 Torrey Canyon
    1973-1978 Amoco Cadiz et al.
    MARPOL 73 and the Protocol 78
    MARPOL enters into force October 1983

    Annex
    Annex
    Annex
    Annex
    Annex

    I and II - 1983
    III 1992
    V 1988
    IV 2003
    VI - 2005

    2. Annex I regulations and chapters


    39 regulations in 7 chapters to regulate oil pollution from ships
    (not just tankers):
    1.
    Ship/Tanker design
    2.
    Ship/Tanker operation
    Chapte
    r
    1

    Regulations
    1-5

    General: Definitions and applications

    6-11
    Surveys and certification: Flag administration and Port State
    Control (PSC)

    12-17
    Machinery space: Construction, discharge control and
    equipment
    (all ship types)

    18-36

    37

    Shipboard oil pollution emergency plan (SOPEP)

    38

    Reception facilities

    39

    FPSOs and FSUs

    Cargo areas: Construction, discharge control and equipment


    (oil tankers)

    2. Annex I fundamentals; Operation


    Discharge of oil at sea (1):
    all discharges of oil are prohibited unless certain criteria are satisfied

    Machinery space (bilge and sludge)

    All ship types


    Machinery space

    Bilge waste: oily water from the bilges

    Sludge: waste residue from the filtration of fuel oil

    Ship must be en route

    Oily mixture must have been processed through the oil filtering
    equipment

    Oil content of the mixture does not exceed 15 parts per million
    (ppm)

    Oily mixture is not mixed with cargo residues (see later)


    Cargo space (slops)

    Oil tankers

    Must be more than 50nm from nearest land (also defined)

    30 litres per nautical mile

    Discharged through the Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment


    (ODME)

    Maximum discharge quantity on a ballast voyage should not


    exceed 1/30,000 of the total quantity of the particular cargo of
    which the residue formed a part

    2. Annex I fundamentals; Operation


    Discharge of oil at sea (2):
    all discharges of oil are prohibited unless certain criteria are satisfied

    Oil discharge monitoring and control systems (tankers)


    Regulations 31 & 32
    Oil filter equipment (all ship types)
    Regulation 14
    Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME)
    Oily Water Separators (OWS)
    Extensive review of requirements underway at IMO

    2. Annex I fundamentals; Operation


    Special Areas :
    those listed in Annex I:

    Baltic Sea
    1983
    Black Sea
    1983
    Red Sea
    not in effect
    Mediterranean Sea
    1983
    Gulf of Aden
    not in effect
    Antarctic
    1992
    Gulfs area
    Aug 2008
    Northwest European waters
    1999
    Southern South African waters Aug 2008
    Oman area of the Arabian Sea not in effect

    All the previous discharge criteria regulates outside a Special Area


    Regulation 1 - A Special Area is a sea area where for recognized
    technical reasons in relation to oceanographic and ecological condition
    and to the particular character of its trafficspecial mandatory
    methods for the prevention of sea pollution by [oil] is required.
    And as such there shall be NO discharge whatsoever of cargo residues/slops
    from oil tankers

    2. Annex I fundamentals; Operation


    Reception facilities:
    Regulation 38
    Oil loading terminals, repair ports and ports in which ships have
    oily residues to discharge
    Port state obligation
    Alleged inadequacies

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:
    How many hulls

    Exxon Valdez 1989


    OPA 90

    7/1993)

    U.S phase-out from 1995 to 2010 (except for tankers with double bottoms
    (db) or double sides (ds), tankers less than 5,000 gross tons and tankers
    that call at LOOP or Designated Lightering Areas)

    IMO amendments to MARPOL 73/78 (adopted 3/1992, entry into force

    Newbuildings to be double-hulls
    Single-hulls to be sbt/pl or hbl from 25 years with phase-out at 30 years
    old or by 2015

    Erika 1999
    9/2002)

    IMO amendments to MARPOL 73/78 (adopted 4/2001, entry into force

    Category 1 phase-out up to 2007


    Categories 2&3 phase-out at 26 years up to 2015

    BUT
    Flag state may allow newer single-hulls to continue to 25 years (subject to CAS)
    HOWEVER
    Port state can deny such extended single-hull tankers from entering its ports

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:
    Oil Tanker Categorization
    Category 1
    pre-MARPOL (pre-1982)
    Category 2
    MARPOL (post-1982)
    Category 3
    smaller tankers (5,000-20,000/30,000dwt)

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:
    Prestige 2001
    EU Regulation 1726/2003 (entry into force 21/10/2003)

    Category 1 phase-out up to 2005


    Categories 2&3 phase-out up to 2010
    No Heavy Grade Oils (HGO) in single-hulls from 21/10/2003
    CAS from 2005 for all Categories 2&3 over 15 years old

    IMO amendments to MARPOL 73/78 (adopted 12/2003, entry into force 5/4/2005)

    13G
    Category 1 phase-out up to 2005
    Categories 2&3 phase-out up to 2010
    CAS required for Categories 2&3 over 15 years old

    BUT
    Flag state may extend Categories 2&3 up to 2015 or 25th anniversary (whichever earlier)
    Flag state may extend Categories 2&3 with db or ds which may trade up to 25th
    anniversary of delivery (even past 2015)
    HOWEVER
    Port state may deny entry of either such flag-state-extended tankers
    13H - Double hull required from 5/4/05 for Heavy Grade Oil as cargo for tankers 5,000 dwt
    and above, and for tankers 600-4,999 dwt (except single-hulls built with db and ds) from
    anniversary date in 2008

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:
    Prestige 2001
    BUT
    Flag state may allow single-hull 5,000 dwt and above with db or ds to
    continue with HGO up to 25th anniversary (even beyond 2015)
    Flag state may allow single-hull 5,000 dwt and above to continue with
    HGO between 900 and 945 kg/cubic meter until 25th anniversary or
    2015 whichever is earlier, subject to CAS
    Flag state may allow single-hull 600-4,999 dwt to continue with HGO
    until 25th anniversary or 2015 whichever is earlier
    HOWEVER
    Port state may deny entry of any of the above mentioned flag-stateextended tankers carrying HGO

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Construction
    Tank (ship) construction:

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Miscellaneous
    Other key elements to MARPOL Annex I:
    SOPEP

    Certification

    Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan


    International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPPC)

    Surveys

    Special Surveys (Enhanced Special Survey)


    Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

    CAS (Applies to oil tankers of 5,000 dwt and above)


    CAS will be performed at intervals of up to 5 years and 6 months
    First CAS to be undertaken at first renewal (ie special) survey or
    intermediate survey after 5/4/05 of every tanker which has reached its
    fifteenth year
    CAS is to be harmonised with ESP

    Oil Record Book (ORB)

    Regulation 17 and Appendix III


    Part 1: Machinery space operations
    Part 2: Cargo space operations

    Crude Oil Washing (COW)


    Fuel tank protection all ships 2010
    Pump room protection double bottom in tankers after 1/1/2007
    Oil outflow performance in case of accident collision or grounding

    2. Annex I fundamentals;
    Miscellaneous
    Other key elements to MARPOL\Annex I:

    FPSOs/FSUs
    a.

    b.
    c.

    FPSOs and FSUs are not oil tankers and are not to be used
    for the transport of oil except that, with the specific
    agreement by the flag and relevant coastal States on a
    voyage basis,
    Conversion of an oil tanker to an FPSO or FSU or vice
    versa should not be construed as a major conversion as
    defined in regulation 1(8)
    There are five categories of discharges that may be
    associated with the operation of an FPSO or FSU:
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    machinery space drainage;


    offshore processing drainage;
    production water discharge;
    displacement water discharge; and
    contaminated seawater from operational purposes such
    as produced oil tank cleaning water, produced oil tank
    hydrostatic testing water, water from ballasting of
    produced oil tank to carry out inspection by rafting.

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