Industrial Training: Gayatri Ohri 07-ECE-141
Industrial Training: Gayatri Ohri 07-ECE-141
Industrial Training: Gayatri Ohri 07-ECE-141
REPORT
(JUNE 29, 2009 TO AUGUST 08 ,2009)
GAYATRI OHRI
07-ECE-141
COMPANY PROFILE
During the 1920s and 30s, India was being introduced to the concept of
Airlines which connected the world to the country.
But, the first scheduled Indian airline called Tata Airlineswas
launched by J.R.D. Tata in 1932.
The govt. of India nationalized air transport industry through air
corporation act. 1953. Thus Indian Airlines came into existence as a
public sector undertaking on June 15th 1953. It dominated the Indian
aviation sector during the 80s and 90s. The nationalization resulted in
the creation of two corporations viz. Indian Airlines and Air India.
Indian Airlines: To operate domestic services and short- range
international services to adjacent countries.
Air India: To operate for overseas services.
AIRBUS
PRINCIPLE OF FLIGHT
When an aircraft is
airborne then instead of
one force there a four
forces acting on it viz.
LIFT
WEIGHT
THRUST
DRAG
WHAT IS LIFT?
Lift is the force created by
the interaction between the
wings and the airflow.
It always acts upwards
It is the 'most important
force' as without it, an
aircraft cannot ascend from
ground and maintain
altitude.
It directly opposes the weight
of an airplane
Most of the lift is generated
by the wings.
WHAT IS WEIGHT?
This force is due to the
interaction between
the aircraft's mass and
Earth's gravity.
It is a downward force.
Since, an airplane is a
combination of many
parts, its weight is sum
total of all weights
WHAT IS THRUST?
Thrust is a mechanical
force
This force is created
by an aircraft's engine
It is required for
forward motion.
It is generated by the
engines of the aircraft
through some kind of
propulsion system
WHAT IS DRAG?
This force acts in
reverse direction to
that of 'Thrust
It hinders forward
motion.(negative
force)
Every part of the
airplane (even the
engine) produces drag
It occurs due to skin
friction
AIRCRAFT CONTROLS
There are six main movement co-ordinates in an aircraft.
Move up and
down
PITCH
Roll from left
to right
ROLL
Move from
left to right
YAW
PITCHING
ROLLING
YAWING
The yaw axis is
perpendicular to the
wings
A yaw motion is a side to
side movement of the
nose of the aircraft
The yawing motion is
caused by the deflection
of the rudder
The rudder is a hinged
section at the rear of the
vertical stabilizer. the
aircraft centerline.
VERTICAL
STABILIZER
Controls Yaw
RUDDER
Changes Yaw
(side to side)
ELEVATOR
Changes
Pitch
(Up & Down)
WING
Generates
Lift
FLAPS
Change Lift &
Drag
AILERON
Changes
Roll
JET ENGINE
Generates
Thrust
COCKPIT
Command & control
SLATS
Change
Lift
FUSELAGE (BODY)
Holds things together & carries
SPOILER
Changes Lift,
Drag & roll
FUSELAGE
The fuselage includes the cabin and cockpit, contains seats for the occupants
and the controls for the airplane.
VERTICAL STABILIZER & RUDDER
The vertical stabilizer functions with the same principle a wing does, but is
symmetrical.
It is a main control surface of airplanes.
It has a vertical position, usually in the tail of the aircraft and has a moving
part which is called Rudder.
RUDDER :- The rudder controls the Y-axis or Yaw of the plane and it is
controlled from the cockpit with the pedals.
HORIZONTAL STABILIZER & ELEVATOR : The horizontal stabilizer is the main control surface of the aircraft
Its function is not to provide more lift but to control the Pitch of the aircraft
and has a moving part called Elevator.
ELEVATOR :-These are controlled by the longitudinal axis of the joystick or
wheel. These help in pitching.
SPOILERS :Spoilers are used for reducing lift. They are moving surfaces which are placed
vertically across the airfoil. Spoilers are used mainly after touch down (landing).
AILERON : Ailerons are moving surfaces usually placed near the tips of the wings.
The function of an aileron is simple, by moving upwards or downwards it
modifies the angle of attack of that section of the wing, sinking or lifting it.
This change in the aerodynamic is due to the modification of relative curve of the
airfoil.
Ailerons are complementary
They control the X-axis or roll movement of the aircraft..
FLAPS : Flaps increase the wing surface or curve, generating more lift with the same
speed.
They are very used on low speed operations, mainly during landings and take
offs.
SLATS : A slat is a thin airfoil deployed form the leading edge of the wing.
This acts as a new little wing, but it's objective is not to produce lift but to
generate the circulation needed for it.
Slat circulation will be opposite to wing circulation reducing the highest speed of
the boundary layer. This reduces the maximum lift also, making its distribution
along the wing softer, but allowing the boundary layer to detach later (by reducing
the adverse pressure generated in the trailing edge).
DEPARTMENT OVERVIEW
The Avionics complex at which I was trained
comprised of three overhaul shops: Electrical overhaul shop
Radio overhaul shop
Instrument overhaul shop
These shops mainly dealt with repairing and testing
of various parts of an aircraft.
DISPLAY UNITS
ECAM
navigation and