Sociological Science With Population Education (1) (Repaired)
Sociological Science With Population Education (1) (Repaired)
Sociological Science With Population Education (1) (Repaired)
WITH POPULATION
EDUCATION
CHAPTER I: SOCIOLOGICAL
SPIRIT
SOCIOLOGY
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
VERSTEHEN AS A STRATEGY
AREAS OF SOCIOLOGY
1. Social Organization
refers
2. Social Psychology
refers
3. Social Change
Refers
The
Ecological Change
Migration
Technological change
New production
Culture Change
Political Processes
Social Transformation
Mass Communication
4. Population
This
5. Applied Sociology
This is concerned with resolving social problems
through sociological research.
Example: Squatters, prostitution, large family
size, migration of nurses, and poor nutrition .
PROPONENTS OF SOCIOLOGY
Auguste Comte
The
Father of Sociology
Positivism proposed the idea of
applying the scientific method to
social life, he called this science
as sociology - the study of
society.
His aim for sociology was to
reform society.
Believes we must observe society
in order to uncover its
fundamental laws
Herbert Spencer
The
Social Darwinism
disagreed with Comte that
reform should be the goal.
He believes no one should
intervene in the evolution of
society
Over time, societies improve.
The fittest members will
produce an advanced society
Karl Marx
Known
of his sociology of
knowledge
Believes that the engine of human
history is class conflict.
He claimed there is a strong
conflict between the bourgeoisie
and the proletariat.
The struggle between the classes
would end only when the
proletariat revolted.
The result would be a classless
society.
Marxism is not communism
Karl Marx
Society
in conflict:
Social conflict
Struggle between groups over scarce resources
Society and production
Capitalist and the proletariat
Social institutions
Infrastructure and sueperstructure
False class consciousness
Accepting a negative status as an inherent traint; a
attribution error
Karl Marx
Emphasized the importance of socioeconomic
classes:
Max Weber
German
sociologist
The father of sociological method
Believes that Religion is the key of
social change, not economy.
Religion was the central factor in the
rise of Capitalism
He found that Protestant beliefs led
to the growth of Capitalism.
The Protestant ethic - the belief
that working hard would please God
Emile Durkheim
goal
was to recognize
sociology as an academic
discipline.
studied suicide rates
20.2
10.9
6.2
12.4
4.9
1.9
African Americans
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Whites
Both Sexes
Females
U.S. Bureau of the Census
EXAMINING SOCIETY
3 aspects of Durkeheimian
thought:
PHILIPPINE SOCIOLOGY
THE SOCIOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE
3 MAJOR PERSPECTIVE
Verbal
struggles
It presents society in a different light than do
the functionalist and symbolic interactionist
perspectives.
It focuses on the negative, conflicted, and everchanging nature of society.
Conflict theorists challenge the status quo,
encourage social change (even when this means
social revolution)
CHAPTER II
SOCIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
Operationalizing a Variable-Specifying
exactly what one is to measure before
assigning a value to a variable.
A SECOND FRAMEWORK:
INTERPRETIVE SOCIOLOGY
THE METHODS OF
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
A systematic plan for conducting research.
Experiment- a research method for
investigating cause and effect under highly
controlled conditions.
Hypothesis- an unverified statement of a
relationship between variables.
A hunch or guess that is generally stated as a
proposition of the if . . .then. . . variety.
CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURE
Characteristics of Culture
CULTURE
CULTURE
Dimensions of Culture
CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURAL LAG
CULTURE
Culture Shock -
disorientation
unfamiliar setting.
Can also be experience in ones country
Urbanites going to rural areas
Rural folks migrating to urban areas
CULTURE
THEORIES ON CULTURE
CULTURAL ECOLOGY
SOCIOBIOLOGY
SOCIOBIOLOGY
COGNITIVE ANTHROPOLOGY
COGNITIVE ANTHROPOLOGY
ETHNOSCIENCE
ETHNOBOTANY
ETHNOMEDICINE
STRUCTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
INTERPRETIVE ANTHROPOLOGY
FUNCTIONALISM
ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONALISM
NEO-EVOLUTIONISM
Evolution
Cultural evolution:
Defined as different successive forms in
social culture of mankind as a whole are
developed in to constitute the growth of
culture over different periods of time or
in continuity.
NEO-MARXISM
Theoretical perspective
concerned with applying the
insights of Marxist thought to
anthropology; neo-Marxists
modify Marxist analysis to make
it appropriate to the
investigation of small-scale,
non-Western societies.
SOCIALIZATION
THEORIES ON SOCIETY
TYPES OF SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS
1.
2.
3.
4.
WHAT IS COMMUNITY?
Types of Communities
Spatial/Geographical Community - brought
about by similarity of
territorial/geographical location.
Functional Community - marked by
similarities of status, interest, beliefs, and
race.
Stereotypes
An oversimplified
generalization/knowledge about a
particular group, race, sect, etc. which
usually carries negative implication.
An unfavorable opinion about a person or
group based on incomplete knowledge.
Prejudice
A feeling, attitude, or belief favorable or unfavorable
toward a person, thing, or group without sufficient
knowledge.
A negative or hostile feeling/attitude toward a person
who belongs to a specific group, and is therefore
presumed to have the objectionable qualities ascribed to
that group.
Tends to be negative, particularly when directed towards
groups and people.
Is held onto even though it lacks a basis in fact and,
often, even when new and conflicting information is
made available.
Discrimination
An action based on prejudice.
An action that denies individuals or groups of
people equality of treatment which they may
wish
Oppression
An on-going system of domination relying on
an unequal and dynamic relationship
between privileged and non-privileged
groups.
MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF
NEEDS
Fearful
Flight
Fight
Happy
Pairing
Embarrassing
COPING MECHANISM
Sad
PAST EXPERIENCES
Personal Beliefs
Values
Goals
Depending
Self-Concept
Personal
Capabilities
PHYSICAL NEEDS
Food
Shelter
Clothing
To be comfortable
Rest
Fears
Interest
Insecurities
Standards
PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS
Affirmation
Belongingness
Love
New Experiences
HIDDEN
COMMITTEES
Religion
Friends/Neighbors
Family
Barkada
Girlfriend
Geographical/Ethnic
Groupings
School
Organizations
COMPONENT #1 OF SOCIAL
STRUCTURE: STATUS & ROLES
Achieved status
Social
ROLES
Role Performance
How
Role Conflict
Occurs
Role Strain
Occurs
Role Distancing
Creating an appearance of distance or mentally distancing oneself
from a particular role/status
STATUS
Roles
Corresponding
to her Various
Statuses
Secretary
Wife
Deferential to Boss
Occasionally disputes
husband, mostly agrees
with him
Cooks Meals
Listens to husbands
gripes about his job
Role
Role Conflict
Statuses in Conflict
Role Strain
Example of a Distressed Status:
Socialization:
Teresa learns to be a good
mom and wife by playing
with baby dolls as a child
Occupying Statuses,
Playing Roles
Teresa learns what
parenting is really like
when she has her first
child at 26, she
experience role conflict
when juggling mothering
with work
Role Exit
Teresa becomes confused
about her role when they
move off to college, gets a
pet to have something to
dote on, and eventually
accepts a new identity as
the mother of increasingly
autonomous children
COMPONENT #2 OF SOCIAL
STRUCTURE: SOCIAL GROUPS
A social group
consists of two or
more people who
interact frequently
and share a
common identity
and a feeling of
interdependence.
Formal Organizations
Family
Religion
Bank of America
Education
Department of Labor
Economy
Goodwill
Government
CNN
Mass Media*
Pfizer
Sports*
Science*
Military*
*Items with an asterisk are considered emerging institutions.
DURKHEIM'S TYPOLOGY OF
SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
GEMEINSCHAFT AND
GESSELLSCHAFT IN THE BIBLE
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF
REALITY
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF
REALITY
Self-fulfilling prophecy
A
Start at 1:15
How does Miley Cyrus define the situation? Does her subjective
definition of what Justin Beiber does correspond to reality?
GOFFMAN: DRAMATURGICAL
ANALYSIS
Front Stage-Pulpit
Matthew 6:
Jesus
Luke 22:25-26 :
The Gentile kings engaged in impression managementthey wanted to viewed as in touch with people,
though they wanted to control them