Analysis, Specification and Estimate On Road Works
Analysis, Specification and Estimate On Road Works
Analysis, Specification and Estimate On Road Works
Contents:
Introduction :
What to do with Engineering Specification ?
Functions and composition of layers/
components
Road/ Building Construction Equipments
How you do analysis of Rate
How to measure an Item
Estimate framework
Example
Q&A Session
Introduction:
Different Layers of a Road/ Highways
Suitable Road Materials as per MoRT&H, MORD
-Property of individual road materials like Aggregate, Sand,
Bitumen, Earth
-Properties of Mix/ Layers / components in Road
Road Machineries- MoRT&H/ MORD
- For different activities/ Road Components
Manpower requirements
- MoRT&H Data Book/ SOR/AoR(State Govt.)
Supervision and Measurement : Engineer-in-Charge / IS code
Other overhead expenses/ Miscellaneous Expenses, Road
Safety aspects
Layers of Flexible
Pavement(Bituminous Road)
Sub grade
The top soil or sub-grade is a layer of natural soil prepared to receive the
stresses from the layers above. It is essential that at no time soil subgrade is overstressed. It should be compacted to the desirable density,
near the optimum moisture content.
The sub grade should be compacted to 97% of the dry density achieved
with heavy compaction modified proctor density as per IS:2720 (Part 8) .
For Expressways, National Highways and State Highways, the material
used for sub grade construction should have the dry density of not less
than 1.75 gm/cc.
Sub-Base
Sub-base is often the main load-bearing layer of the
pavement. Its role is to spread the load evenly over the
subgrade.
The materials used may be either
unbound granular,
orcement-bound. The quality of sub-base is very
important for the useful life of the road.
Material comprise natural sand, moorum, gravel, metal,
laterite crushed stone etc. and
Should have liquid limit and plasticity index of not more
than 25 and 6 respectively
Should have CBR value minimum of 20% for cumulative
traffic upto 2 msa and 30% exceeding 2 msa.
Where stage construction is adopted for pavements, the
thickness of sub-base shall be provided for ultimate
pavement section for the full design life.
Sub-Base.
The sub-base course is the layer of material beneath the base
course and the primary functions are to provide structural
support, improve drainage, and reduce the intrusion of fines
from the sub-grade in the pavement structure.If the base course
is open graded, then the sub-base course with more fines can
serve as a filler between sub-grade and the base course .
A sub-base course is not always needed or used. For example, a
pavement constructed over a high quality, stiff sub-grade may
not be needed.
For drainage consideration the granular sub base should be
extended over entire formation width in case of the sub grade
soil is of relatively low permeability.
The thickness of sub base in the extended portion should not be
less than 150 mm for traffic less than 10 msa and 200 mm for
design traffic of 10 msa & above.
GSB Specifications
Granular Sub-base (GSB) materials conforming to
clause 401 of MORT&H specifications for road
and bridge works is recommended.
The sub-base material should have minimum
CBR of 20% for cumulative traffic up to 2 msa
and 30% for traffic exceeding 2 msa.
The material should be tested for CBR at the dry
density and moisture content expected in the
field.
The thickness of sub-base should not be less
than 150 mm for design traffic less than 10 msa
and 200 mm for design traffic of 10 msa and
above.
Seal Coat:
Seal coat is a thin surface treatment used to waterproof the surface and to provide skid resistance.
Tack Coat:
Tack coat is a very light application of asphalt,
usually asphalt emulsion diluted with water. It
provides proper bonding between two layer of binder
course and must be thin, uniformly cover the entire
surface, and set very fast.
Prime Coat:
Prime coat is an application of low viscous cutback
bitumen to an absorbent surface like granular bases
on which binder layer is placed. It provides bonding
between two layers. Unlike tack coat, prime coat
penetrates into the layer below, plugs the voids, and
forms a water tight surface.
design
by
including
alternate
using
the
software
IITPAVE,
Design life
Expressways Design life is 20 Years
NH and SH, Design life is 15 Years
For MDR, design life of 10 to 15 Years
For ODR, Design life is 10 Years
For Concrete Pavement Design Life is 30 years
Stage Construction
Reason : Cost constrains
a) Base and Sub base are designed for Full design life
b) Bituminous layers for Less years,
but not less than 5 years in any case
27
: 30 BC
5 to 10 msa
: 30 /40 BC
10 to 100 msa
>100 msa
: 40 BC
: 50 BC
of
layer
thickness
from
the
design
Shoulder Construction
Structural support to various layers of the
pavement besides providing additional space for
overtaking maneouvers , parking disabled
vehicles and movement of slow moving vehicle
(Scooter, three & two wheelers)
Earthen and paved shoulders
1.5 m wide paved shoulders may be provided on
either side of two lane road and
for 4 lane it was the policy of Government of
India to construct paved shoulder in conjunction
with four laning.
Paved Shoulder
Blanket Course
Layers of Concrete
Pavement
Road Machineries/
Equipments
Earthmoving Operations :
Graders
Motor Grader:
Chip Spreaders
Bitumen Pressure
Distributors
Gives uniform, unbroken and prescribed quantity of hot
bitumen or emulsion. These units can be supplied as a
module to suit mounting on customer's truck chassis or can
be supplied completely along with standard truck chassis.
WMM Plant
This central mixing plant for granular base and sub base
production provides higher productivity with close control on
quality of mix and production costs.
Paver Finisher
A paver (paver finisher, asphalt finisher, paving
machine) is a piece of construction equipment used to lay
asphalt on roads, bridges, parking lots and other such places.
It lays the asphalt flat and provides minor compaction before
it is compacted by a roller.
Other Equipments
Excavation for road way in ordinary rock with hydraulic excavator of 0.9cum
bucket capacity including cutting and loading in tippers, trimming bottom and side
slopes in accordance with requirements of lines, grades and cross sections and
transporting to the embankment locations with all lifts & leads up to 1000m.as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 301 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Excavation for road way in hard rock (requiring blasting) by drilling, blasting
and breaking, trimming bottom and side slopes in accordance with requirements of
lines, grades and cross sections and transporting to the embankment locations with all
lifts & leads up to 1000m.as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as
per Clause - 301 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Compacting the original ground supporting to embankment / sub grade as per
Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 305.3.4 of MoSRT&H Specifications for
Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Sand filling in Road work & foundation of structure as per approved Drawing &
Technical Specifications and as per Section - 2100 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road
& Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Providing G.S.B. with Coarse graded Gr-i stone screaning materials & coarse sand
(for bellow 2.36mm size) as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as
per Clause - 401 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Providing G.S.B. with Coarse graded Gr-ii stone screaning materials & coarse
sand (for bellow 2.36mm size) as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and
as per Clause - 401 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).
Specifications:CD Work
Earth work in excavation in hard soil for foundation of
structure as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Clause - 301 & 304 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
P.C.C.M-15 Grade in foundation bed using 40mm to
10mm size crushed stone aggregates mixed by concrete
mixer, laying in layers and compacting by vibrator & all leads
and lifts as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications
and as per Section - 1700 & 2100 of MoSRT&H Specifications
for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
P.C.C.M-20 Grade in Substructure of CD work using
40mm to 10mm size crushed stone aggregates mixed by
concrete mixer, laying in layers and compacting by vibrator
& all leads and lifts including frame works etc as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per
Section -1500, 1700, 2100 & 2200 of
MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
Specifications: CD Works
Laying of NP3 Hume Pipe of 900mm dia. for pipe culverts as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -2900
of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
R.C.C. M-20 grade in Foundation Raft of CD work as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section
-1500, 1700 & 2100 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge
works (Latest Revision).
R.C.C. M-20 grade in Sub-structure of CD work as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 &
2200 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).
R.C.C. M-20 grade in Deck slab of C.D. Work as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 &
2300 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).
R.C.C. M-20 grade in Road Kerb / Dirt Wall / Wing wall of
Culvert as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as
per Section -1500, 1700 & 2200 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road &
Bridge works (Latest Revision).
The Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC) shall rest over Dry Lean
Concrete (DLC) sub-base of 150 mm thickness.
Any Queries ?
E-mail:
[email protected]
We shall follow MoRT&H Guidelines /
MORD Specifications, IRC Codes for
design and construction Procedure.
IS Codes and MoRT&H Data book for
culvert design.
With this we shall move to Analysis
and estimate for Road works in next
session.