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    Fundamental of Fluid (Lecture 3) : Mechanics

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    Asis Wuliyadi
    This document covers fluid statics and introduces key concepts like pressure variation, hydrostatic force, and buoyancy. It begins by defining body forces and surface forces on fluids. The basic equations of fluid statics are then derived from Newton's second law, including the relationships between pressure, depth, and height. Pressure variations are explored for both incompressible and compressible fluids. Methods for calculating hydrostatic forces on submerged surfaces and buoyancy forces are also presented. Worked examples applying these concepts are provided.

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    Fundamental of Fluid (Lecture 3) : Mechanics

    Uploaded by

    Asis Wuliyadi
    30 views54 pages
    This document covers fluid statics and introduces key concepts like pressure variation, hydrostatic force, and buoyancy. It begins by defining body forces and surface forces on fluids. The basic equations of fluid statics are then derived from Newton's second law, including the relationships between pressure, depth, and height. Pressure variations are explored for both incompressible and compressible fluids. Methods for calculating hydrostatic forces on submerged surfaces and buoyancy forces are also presented. Worked examples applying these concepts are provided.

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    This document covers fluid statics and introduces key concepts like pressure variation, hydrostatic force, and buoyancy. It begins by defining body forces and surface forces on fluids. The basic equations of fluid statics are then derived from Newton's second law, including the relationships between pressure, depth, and height. Pressure variations are explored for both incompressible and compressible fluids. Methods for calculating hydrostatic forces on submerged surfaces and buoyancy forces are also presented. Worked examples applying these concepts are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    30 views54 pages

    Fundamental of Fluid (Lecture 3) : Mechanics

    Uploaded by

    Asis Wuliyadi
    This document covers fluid statics and introduces key concepts like pressure variation, hydrostatic force, and buoyancy. It begins by defining body forces and surface forces on fluids. The basic equations of fluid statics are then derived from Newton's second law, including the relationships between pressure, depth, and height. Pressure variations are explored for both incompressible and compressible fluids. Methods for calculating hydrostatic forces on submerged surfaces and buoyancy forces are also presented. Worked examples applying these concepts are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 54

    Fundamental of Fluid Mechanics

    (Lecture 3)
    Dr.Eng Denny Widhiyanuriyawan, ST, MT
    Department of Mechanical Engineering,
    Brawijaya University
    Malang, Indonesia

    Email: [email protected]
    1

    Chapter 3
    Fluid Statics

    Main Topics
    The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics
    Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid
    Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces
    Buoyancy

    Forces : Body Force


    Surface Force
    Body Forces : - Gravity force
    - Electromagnetic Force
    - Corriolis Force
    - Centrifugal Force
    Surface Forces : - Pressure Force
    - Viscous Force (Shear Force)

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Body Force (gravitasi force yg sering
    digunakan dalam MF)

    Jika elemen fluida dalam bentuk kubus maka dV=dx.dy.dz


    5

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Surface Force

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Surface Force

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Surface Force

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Total Force

    Newtons Second Law

    dF a dm a d
    Fluida static a = 0

    10

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Newtons Second Law

    11

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics

    gx 0
    p
    0
    x
    Depan
    belakang

    gy 0
    p
    0
    y
    kanan kiri

    gz g
    p
    g
    z
    Atas bawah
    12

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Pascals Law
    y
    sin
    s

    x
    cos
    s

    13

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Surface Force

    Body Force

    Fx p x . A ABFE px .yz
    Fy p y . A CDEF p y .xz

    - mg = - Vg = - (dxdydz/2) g

    Fs ps . A ABCD ps .sz

    Pascals Law

    p x p y ps
    Buktikan

    14

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Vertically

    15

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Horizontally

    16

    17

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Generally
    Cari
    Kesetimb
    angan
    gaya2nya

    18

    The Basic Equations


    of Fluid Statics
    Pressure-Height Relation

    19

    Pressure Variation in a
    Static Fluid
    Incompressible Fluid: Manometers

    20

    Pressure Variation in a
    Static Fluid
    Compressible Fluid: Ideal Gas

    Need additional information,


    e.g., T(z) for atmosphere
    21

    Hydrostatic Condition: U.S. Standard Atmosphere


    Idealized Representation of the Mid-Latitude Atmosphere
    Standard Atmosphere is
    used in the design of
    aircraft, missiles and
    spacecraft.
    Stratosphere:
    Isothermal, T = T

    Troposphere:
    Linear Variation, T = T - z
    a

    Pressure Variation in a
    Static Fluid
    Troposphere

    In the sea level surface p0,


    0 and z0 = 0.
    po = 101,303 Pa (14.696 lb/in2)
    = lapse rate (koefisien muai untuk
    udara) = 0,00650 K/m.
    For U.S Standard Atmosphere
    To = 15oC = 288.15 K (59oF or
    518.67oR)

    g
    z R

    p po 1
    T0

    23

    Pressure Variation in a
    Static Fluid
    Stratosphere
    Temperature constant
    T=Tc=216,7 K=319,1 oR
    Zc=11 km (36000ft)
    Pc=22600 Pa (3,28 lb/in2)

    p pc e

    g z zc
    RTc
    24

    Pressure Variation in a
    Static Fluid
    Ionosphere

    DISCONTINUM FLUID

    25

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Plane Submerged Surface

    26

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Plane Submerged Surface

    We can find FR, and y and x,


    by integrating, or
    27

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Plane Submerged Surface
    Algebraic Equations Total Pressure Force

    28

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Plane Submerged Surface
    Algebraic Equations Net Pressure Force

    29

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Curved Submerged Surface

    30

    Hydrostatic Force on
    Submerged Surfaces
    Curved Submerged Surface
    Horizontal Force = Equivalent Vertical Plane Force
    Vertical Force = Weight of Fluid Directly Above
    (+ Free Surface Pressure Force)

    31

    Buoyancy

    32

    Buoyancy

    For example, for a hot air


    balloon (Example Problem 3.8):

    33

    Examples 3.2

    34

    Examples 3.2

    35

    Examples 3.2

    36

    Examples 3.2

    37

    Examples 3.2

    38

    Examples 3.8

    39

    Examples 3.8

    40

    Examples 3.8

    41

    Examples 3.8

    42

    Examples 3.8

    43

    Examples 3.9

    44

    Examples 3.9

    45

    Examples 3.9

    46

    Examples 3.9

    47

    Examples 3.36

    48

    Examples 3.36

    49

    Examples 3.36

    50

    Examples 3.36

    51

    Examples 3.36

    52

    Practice -q3.77 (optional)

    53

    Project (3) q 3.60

    54

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