Transalveolar Exodotia
Transalveolar Exodotia
Transalveolar Exodotia
Mucoperiosteal flap
Lingual nerve,
Mental nerve,
Long buccal nerve,
Facial artery, and
Buccinator artery.
Types;
Advantages
.It is the flap of choice for most surgical procedures . 1
Provides the broadest base and fully covers the. 2
. resultant bony cavity
With the envelope flap, there is little danger of violating . 3
.
any major anatomical landmarks
During the procedure, the envelop flap can be. 4
extended as needed; if still greater access is required,
.
a vertical relaxing incision can be placed
Advantages
4. Semilunar Flap
Most useful for retrieval of small root tips and
periapical endodontic surgery of a limited
extent.
The horizontal component of this incision
should not cross major prominences, such as
the canine eminence.
The incision should be placed at least 2 mm
apical to the base of the gingival sulcus (4-5mm
from gingival margin).
Austin
periosteal
Kays austin
Minnesota
elevator
Theretractorshouldbeplacedbeneaththeflapand
heldfirmlyperpendicularonsoundbonewithno
softtissuetrappedbetween.
Inordernottofocusontheretractorratherthanthe
surgicalfield,donotforcetheretractoragainstthe
MPFinanattempttopullthesofttissueoutofthe
fieldbutrathertheretractorisheldincontactwith
thebonesothattheflaprestsonitpassively.
Bone Removal :
Bone Gauge
Unibeveld Chisel
Bibeveld Chisel
Mallet
Bone burs
The most frequently used method for bone removal.
Available in many forms: crosscut fissure burs,
tapered, or round.
Bone can be reduced or removed in 3 ways:
1. Using the round bur, holes in a necklace or postagestamp pattern are created above the area of surgery.
The holes are then connected and the disc or
postage-stamp piece of bone is removed permitting
entry into the surgical area.
Rongeur forceps
It is a forceps-like instrument used to remove bone by
shearing on a planning action.
It has sharp blades that are squeezed together by the
handles, cutting or pinching through the bone.
Rongeur forceps have a leaf spring between the handle
so that the instrument will open when the hand
pressure is released. This allows the surgeon to make
repeated cuts without manually reopening the
instrument.
Bone File
Tooth Sectioning :
Indication:
1. Bone is insufficiently elastic.
2. Multi-rooted teeth in which the lines of
withdrawal of different roots prevents removal
with either the forceps or buccal application of
elevator.
- The roots are separated to be removed along their
individual paths of withdrawal.
- Tooth division may be effected using a bur, an
osteotome or tooth-splitting forceps (tooth shear
forceps).
Guidelines
During sectioning using a surgical bur, irrigation
is a must. Considerable heat may be generated,
and the tooth structure clogs the bur blades
quickly.
When dividing the root-mass of a lower molar,
expose the bifurcation and separate the roots from
below upwards with the bur. This method allows
you to know when the roots are completely
divided; whereas it is difficult to be certain if you
cut down towards the bifurcation from above.
the socket:
6
1.