Hydraulic Routing in Rivers

Reference: HEC-
RAS Hydraulic
Reference Manual,
Version 4.1,
Reading: HEC-
RAS Manual pp.
3-1 to 3-13

http://
Flood Inundation
Floodplain Delineation
Steady Flow Solution
One-Dimensional Flow Computations

Cross-section

Channel centerline
and banklines

Right Overbank Left Overbank

 Flow Conveyance, K
Left Overbank Channel Right Overbank

 Reach Lengths

(1)

Floodplain
Lch Rob
Lob

Floodplain

(2)
Left to Right looking downstream
Energy Head Loss
Velocity Coefficient,
 Solving Steady Flow
Equations
Q is known throughout reach
1. All conditions at (1) are
known, Q is known (A)
2. Select h2
3. compute Y2, V2, K2, Sf,
he
4. Using energy equation
(A), compute h2
5. Compare new h2 with h2 h1
the value assumed in
Step 2, and repeat until (2) (1)
convergence occurs
 Flow Computations

Reach 3
Reach 2

Start at the downstream

end (for subcritical flow)
Treat each reach separately
Compute h upstream, one
cross-section at a time
Use computed h values to
delineate the floodplain Reach 1
Floodplain Delineation
Momentum Equation
1 V V V y
So S f
g t g x x
Steady, uniform flow

Steady, non-uniform flow

Unsteady, non-uniform flow

 1

HMS-RAS Integration
Strategy/Workflow
Brushy Creek Example

Dean Djokic, ESRI

22 March 2012

H&H Using ArcGIS

Lecture Overview
Approach to integrated H&H model
development
Upper Brushy Creek GeoHMS/HMS
development
Flood modeling for area of interest
GeoRAS/RAS development

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HMS-RAS Integration
Overview

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Integration Approach
Mix of planning, GIS, and H&H modeling operations
not a push button operation.
Types of integration
Modeling support (preparing data for model input)
e.g. land use/soils/CN or rainfall processing Arc Hydro or general
GIS data processing
Linked

GeoHMS
GeoRAS
Integrated

DSS

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Integration Approach (2)
Key steps:
Plan (roughly) hydrologic and hydraulic model layouts flow exchange
locations
e.g. location of HMS modeling elements and RAS cross-sections
Identify sources of precipitation input into the hydrologic model and
techniques for their incorporation into the dataset
e.g. Nexrad rainfall
Develop GeoHMS model (and precipitation sub model)
Finalize and run HMS model and generate results (DSS)
Develop GeoRAS model
Finalize and run RAS taking HMS results as input
Feedback between HMS and RAS is manual
e.g. modification of time of concentration or routing parameters

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Integration Planning
Identify where outputs from
one model (HMS) become
input to the second one
(RAS)
Place hydrologic elements
(subbasins, reaches, junctions)
to capture flows at points of
interest (confluences,
structures)
Place hydraulic elements (cross-
sections) at points of interest
Identify/specify
element naming
conventions between the two
models (persistent or transient
names)
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Precipitation Sources
Identify sources of
precipitation input into the
hydrologic model and
techniques for their
incorporation into the
dataset
Point (rain gage)
Polygon (Nexrad cells)
Surface (TIN/grid)

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Develop GeoHMS model
Follow all principles in development
of a hydrologic model
In addition, take into consideration
integration planning aspects
developed earlier
Placement of flow exchange points
Naming conventions
Incorporate precipitation submodel
Develop Arc Hydro time series for the
final subbasin delineation and export to
DSS
Export to HMS

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Meteorological Component
Arc Hydro
Develop a custom
gage for each
subbasin or for each
rainfall observation
element with
corresponding
Arc Hydro to DSS transfer
weights for
subbasins.
Export the time
series for the
subbasin gage
from Arc Hydro time
series data structure
into DSS DSS
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Finalize and Run HMS
Complete HMS
model with any
additional
parameters
including
meteorological
model and control
specifications
Follow all
principles in HMS
model
development
(calibration, etc.)

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Finalize and Run HMS (2)
Do the final run
and generate
results (DSS)
HMS View

DSS View

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Develop GeoRAS model (pre-processing)
Follow all principles in
development of a hydraulic
model for element
placement (confluences,
structures, )
In addition, take into
consideration integration
planning aspects developed
earlier
Naming conventions (add
name of the HMS element to
the cross-section that will get
the elements flows)
Export to RAS

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Finalize and Run RAS
Complete RAS
model with any
additional
parameters
including initial
and boundary
conditions
Follow all
principles in RAS
model
development
(calibration, etc.)

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Finalize and Run RAS (2)
Do the final run
and generate
results (export
to sdf file)

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Process RAS results in GeoRAS
Construct the
floodplain based on the
results in the sdf
Review the results with
respect to spatial
integrity (extents of
cross-sections,
ineffective flow areas,
disconnected flood
areas, )
Clean results
Revisit RAS

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GIS HMS RAS Feedback
At present it is manual and at discretion of modeler
GIS H&H interaction
H H interaction
Visualization in both pre and post-processing not just
a pretty picture
Fly-over in preprocessing (GeoHMS and GeoRAS)
Identification of data problems
Modeling element placement
Post-processing (GeoRAS)
Validity of element placement

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