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    Menorrhagia

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    hanturaya67
    Menorrhagia is excessive menstrual bleeding that interferes with quality of life. It can be caused by hormone imbalance, fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, IUDs, or other medical conditions. Symptoms include soaking pads hourly for several hours, needing double protection, and bleeding for over a week. Heavy bleeding can lead to anemia or pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Treatment options include medications, surgery to remove fibroids or the uterus, and procedures to ablate or resect the uterine lining.

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    Menorrhagia

    Uploaded by

    hanturaya67
    273 views17 pages
    Menorrhagia is excessive menstrual bleeding that interferes with quality of life. It can be caused by hormone imbalance, fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, IUDs, or other medical conditions. Symptoms include soaking pads hourly for several hours, needing double protection, and bleeding for over a week. Heavy bleeding can lead to anemia or pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Treatment options include medications, surgery to remove fibroids or the uterus, and procedures to ablate or resect the uterine lining.

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    Menorrhagia is excessive menstrual bleeding that interferes with quality of life. It can be caused by hormone imbalance, fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, IUDs, or other medical conditions. Symptoms include soaking pads hourly for several hours, needing double protection, and bleeding for over a week. Heavy bleeding can lead to anemia or pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Treatment options include medications, surgery to remove fibroids or the uterus, and procedures to ablate or resect the uterine lining.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    273 views17 pages

    Menorrhagia

    Uploaded by

    hanturaya67
    Menorrhagia is excessive menstrual bleeding that interferes with quality of life. It can be caused by hormone imbalance, fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, IUDs, or other medical conditions. Symptoms include soaking pads hourly for several hours, needing double protection, and bleeding for over a week. Heavy bleeding can lead to anemia or pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Treatment options include medications, surgery to remove fibroids or the uterus, and procedures to ablate or resect the uterine lining.

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    MENORRHAGIA

    Menorrhagia

    Menorrhagia is defined as
    excessive menstrual blood loss
    which interferes with a woman's
    physical, social, emotional and/or
    material quality of life. It can
    occur alone or in combination with
    other symptoms.(NICE Guidance 2016).
    Symptoms
    The signs and symptoms of menorrhagia may include:
    Soaking through one or more sanitary pads or
    tampons every hour for several consecutive hours
    Needing to use double sanitary protection to
    control your menstrual flow
    Needing to wake up to change sanitary protection
    during the night
    Bleeding for longer than a week
    Passing blood clots with menstrual flow for more
    than one day
    Restricting daily activities due to heavy menstrual
    flow
    Symptoms of anemia, such as tiredness, fatigue or
    shortness of breath
    When to see a doctor

    Vaginal bleeding so heavy it


    soaks at least one pad or
    tampon an hour for more than a
    few hours
    Bleeding between periods or
    irregular vaginal bleeding
    Any vaginal bleeding after
    menopause
    PICTORIAL BLOOD ASESSMENT
    CHART
    Causes
    1. Hormone imbalance.
    2. Dysfunction of the ovaries.
    3. Uterine fibroids.
    4. Polyps.
    5. Adenomyosis.
    6. Intrauterine device (IUD).
    7. Pregnancy complications.
    8. Cancer.
    9. Inherited bleeding disorders.
    10.Medications.
    11.Other medical conditions.
    1. Hormone imbalance.If a hormone imbalance
    occurs between the hormones estrogen and
    progesterone, the endometrium develops in
    excess and eventually sheds by way of
    heavy menstrual bleeding.
    2. Dysfunction of the ovaries.If ovaries don't
    ovulate during a menstrual cycle
    (anovulation),body doesn't produce the
    hormone progesterone, as it would during a
    normal menstrual cycle. This leads to
    hormone imbalance and may result in
    menorrhagia.
    3. Uterine fibroids.These noncancerous
    (benign) tumors of the uterus appear during
    childbearing years.
    4. Polyps.Small, benign polyps may cause heavy or
    prolonged menstrual bleeding.
    5. Adenomyosis.often causing heavy bleeding and
    painful menses.
    6. Intrauterine device (IUD).Menorrhagia is a well-known
    side effect of using a nonhormonal intrauterine.
    7. Pregnancy complications.miscarriage ,ectopic
    pregnancy
    8. Cancer.Rarely, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer and
    cervical cancer
    9. Inherited bleeding disorders.Von Willebrand's disease
    10.Medications.anti-inflammatory medications and
    anticoagulants.
    11.Other medical conditions.including pelvic
    inflammatory disease (PID), thyroid problems,
    endometriosis, and liver or kidney disease, may be
    associated with menorrhagia.
    Risk factors
    Adolescent girls who have
    recently started
    menstruating.Girls are
    especially prone to anovulatory
    cycles in the first year after
    their first menstrual period
    (menarche).
    Older women approaching
    menopause.Women ages 40 to
    50 are at increased risk of
    Complications
    A.Iron deficiency anemia.
    Menorrhagia may decrease iron
    levels enough to increase the
    risk of iron deficiency anemia.

    B. Severe pain.with heavy


    menstrual bleeding, you might
    have painful menstrual cramps
    (dysmenorrhea).
    Tests and diagnosis
    Blood tests.evaluate for iron deficiency
    (anemia) and other conditions, such as
    thyroid disorders or blood-clotting
    abnormalities.
    Pap test.cells from cervix are collected
    and tested for infection, inflammation or
    cancerous changes.
    Endometrial biopsy.
    Ultrasound scan.For uterus, ovaries and
    pelvis.

    Based on the results of initial tests, you may


    recommend further testing, including:
    Sonohysterogram.During this
    test, a fluid is injected through
    a tube into uterus by way of
    vagina and cervix. using
    ultrasound to look for problems
    in the lining of uterus.

    Hysteroscopy.This exam
    involves inserting a tiny camera
    through vagina and cervix into
    uterus, which allows to see the
    inside of uterus.
    Treatments and drugs
    Iron supplements.If have anemia,
    recommend iron supplements regularly.

    Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
    drugs.NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or
    naproxen (Aleve), help reduce menstrual
    blood loss. NSAIDs have the added benefit
    of relieving painful menstrual cramps
    (dysmenorrhea).

    Tranexamic acid.Tranexamic acid helps


    reduce menstrual blood loss.
    Oral contraceptives.oral contraceptives can
    help regulate menstrual cycles and reduce
    episodes of excessive or prolonged
    menstrual bleeding.

    Oral progesterone.the hormone


    progesterone can help correct hormone
    imbalance and reduce menorrhagia.

    The hormonal IUD (Mirena).This releases a


    type of progestin called levonorgestrel,
    which makes the uterine lining thin and
    decreases menstrual blood flow and
    cramping.
    Surgical Treatment
    Dilation and curettage (D&C).

    Uterine artery embolization.menorrhagia


    caused by fibroids, the goal is to shrink any
    fibroids in the uterus by blocking the uterine
    arteries and cutting off their blood supply.

    Focused ultrasound ablation.Similar to uterine


    artery embolization, focused ultrasound
    ablation treats bleeding caused by fibroids by
    shrinking the fibroids. This procedure uses
    ultrasound waves to destroy the fibroid
    tissue.no incisions required for this procedure.
    Myomectomy. surgical removal of uterine
    fibroids.

    Endometrial ablation.permanently destroying the


    lining of uterus (endometrium).

    Endometrial resection.This surgical procedure


    uses an electrosurgical wire loop to remove the
    lining of the uterus. Both endometrial ablation
    and endometrial resection benefit women who
    have very heavy menstrual bleeding. Pregnancy
    isn't recommended after this procedure.

    Hysterectomy.Hysterectomy surgery to
    remove your uterus and cervix is a permanent
    procedure that causes sterility and ends
    menstrual periods.
    Thank You

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