Gender 2
Gender 2
Gender 2
number,
case,
degree,
mood
.a set of classes of nouns
CLASSES
MASCULINE NEUTER
FEMININE
MARKING
grammatical lexical
(to be continued)
SUBTOPICS
1.) GRAMMATICAL AND LEXICAL MARKING OF GENDER
IN ENGLISH
Compounding
Derivation (suffixation)
SEPARATE LEXEMES
Formally unrelated:
- boy/girl
- father/mother
- husband/wife
- stallion/mare
- monk/nun
COMPOUNDS
-a sultan/sultana,
-euse masseur/masseuse
-rix executor/executrix,
-man/woman chairman/chairwoman,
PRONOUNS
In addition to nouns which recognize two
genders, pronouns are also gender-sensitive and
they recognize all three: masculine, feminine and
neuter.
Names of countries:
1) Geographical units > it :
Belgium is a small country, but it is
thickly populated.
2) Political or economic units > she :
Germany managed to stabilize her
economy in a comparatively short
period of time
3 CLASSES OF GENDER
Masculine Neuter
Feminine
Compounds:
in French all nouns are masculine or feminine, there are no neuter nouns as
in English; articles mark nouns for gender
possessive adjectives:
masculine: mon/ton/son pre (my/your/his, her, its father)
feminine: ma/ta/sa mre (my/your/his, her, its mother)
demonstrative adjectives :
masculine: ce livre (this/that book), cet homme (this/that man)
feminine: cette chaise (this/that chair), cette adresse (this/that address)
possessive pronouns:
masculine: (sg) le mien, le tien, le sien, le ntre, le vtre, le leur; (pl) les
miens, les tiens, les siens, les ntres, les vtres, les leurs
feminine: (sg) la mienne, la tienne, la sienne, la ntre, la vtre, la leur; (pl)
les miennes, les tiennes, les siennes, les ntres, les vtres, les leurs
demonstrative pronouns: masculine: (sg) celui, (pl) ceux; feminine: (sg)
celle, (pl) celles
In French, adjectives agree in gender with the noun they
modify. The feminine form of adjectives usually ends in e
and follows the noun
masculine: un ami intelligent (a smart friend)
feminine: une amie intelligente (a smart friend)
On the other hand, some adjectives such as beau, nouveau
may precede the noun they modify (e.g. un nouveau livre,
une belle maison)
such adjectives are irregular and have both masculine and
feminine form (e.g. vieux-vieille, conservateur-conservatrice,
naturel-naturelle, fier- fire, gentil-gentille)
in terms of past participles, French verbs differentiate between
two forms: masculine and feminine
e.g. Un/le beau garon est entr dans la chambre.
Une/La belle fille est entre dans la chambre.
ENGLISH VS. SERBIAN
a/the boy (taj) deak (taj) stub
a/the girl (ta) devojica (ta) violina
a/the house (to) dete (to) platno
HE OR SHE:
Tell the next person who calls that HE OR SHE can
make an appointment.
THEY:
What happens if someone changes THEIR mind?