Systems Theory: BY: Charles Mhango Charity Kasawala Violet Khonje George Nsitu
Systems Theory: BY: Charles Mhango Charity Kasawala Violet Khonje George Nsitu
Systems Theory: BY: Charles Mhango Charity Kasawala Violet Khonje George Nsitu
Communication
Communication mechanisms must be in place
for organizational systems to exchange
relevant information with its environment
Provides for the flow of information among
the subsystems
CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMS THEORY
Boundaries
Separates system from its environment
Four types;
i. Physical Boundary - prevents access (security system)
ii. Linguistic Boundary - specialized language (jargon)
iii.Systemic Boundary - rules that regulate interaction
(titles)
iv.Psychological Boundary - restricts communication
(stereotypes, prejudices)
CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMS THEORY
Goal-directedness
Systems are goal oriented and engage in
feedback in order to meet the goals of the
organisation
CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMS THEORY
Holistic view
Systems theory focuses on the arrangement
of and relations between the parts that
connect them into a whole
The mutual interaction of the parts makes the
whole bigger than the parts themselves
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEM
Input
Maintenance Inputs (energic imports that sustain system)
Production Inputs (energic imports which are processed
to yield a productive outcome)
Throughput
Work done on those resources used to produce
a product
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEM
Output
Exit or change exiting the system
System returns the product to the environment
Process
Provides a series of mechanical or chemical
operations on something in order to change
or preserve it
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEM
Feedback
Information about a reaction to a product
Used as basis for improvement
Can be;
i. Positive Feedback - move from status quo
ii. Negative Feedback - return to status quo
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT
SYSTEM
THROUGHTPUT
INPUT OUTPUT
PROCESS
FEEDBACK
ENVIRONMENT
TYPES OF A SYSTEM