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    Four Theories On Disaster Management Studies

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    NaziaAfroze
    The document summarizes several theories related to disaster management, including economic theory, Marxist interpretations of disasters, organizational behavior theory, and attitudes perspectives. It also discusses how the organizational perspective highlights the importance of collaboration between organizations during disasters. The economic perspective notes that poorer countries and marginalized groups suffer more from disasters and that factors like education and GDP can influence disaster management capacity. Finally, it addresses the development perspective, explaining how development can both increase and decrease disaster vulnerability depending on whether it is sustainable or haphazard.

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    Four Theories On Disaster Management Studies

    Uploaded by

    NaziaAfroze
    6K views20 pages
    The document summarizes several theories related to disaster management, including economic theory, Marxist interpretations of disasters, organizational behavior theory, and attitudes perspectives. It also discusses how the organizational perspective highlights the importance of collaboration between organizations during disasters. The economic perspective notes that poorer countries and marginalized groups suffer more from disasters and that factors like education and GDP can influence disaster management capacity. Finally, it addresses the development perspective, explaining how development can both increase and decrease disaster vulnerability depending on whether it is sustainable or haphazard.

    Original Description:

    Combined theories from the 20 pioneer theories which guided the studies about disaster management.

    Original Title

    Four Theories on Disaster Management Studies

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    The document summarizes several theories related to disaster management, including economic theory, Marxist interpretations of disasters, organizational behavior theory, and attitudes perspectives. It also discusses how the organizational perspective highlights the importance of collaboration between organizations during disasters. The economic perspective notes that poorer countries and marginalized groups suffer more from disasters and that factors like education and GDP can influence disaster management capacity. Finally, it addresses the development perspective, explaining how development can both increase and decrease disaster vulnerability depending on whether it is sustainable or haphazard.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6K views20 pages

    Four Theories On Disaster Management Studies

    Uploaded by

    NaziaAfroze
    The document summarizes several theories related to disaster management, including economic theory, Marxist interpretations of disasters, organizational behavior theory, and attitudes perspectives. It also discusses how the organizational perspective highlights the importance of collaboration between organizations during disasters. The economic perspective notes that poorer countries and marginalized groups suffer more from disasters and that factors like education and GDP can influence disaster management capacity. Finally, it addresses the development perspective, explaining how development can both increase and decrease disaster vulnerability depending on whether it is sustainable or haphazard.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Theories on disaster management: an overview

    Presented to:
    Dr. Mahbuba Nasreen
    Professor
    Institute of Disaster Management and Vulnerability Studies
    University of Dhaka
    “KAROTOA”
    Presented by
    ¢Prokrity Islam (34)
    ¢Nazia Afroze (42)
    ¢ Atiqur Rahman Atiq(32)
    ¢Ashiq Iqbal (40)
    ¢Shohrab Shohag(30)
    ¢Sabbir Hossen Shuvo(36)
    Theory

    A theory is a set of interrelated prepositions that allow for the


    systematization of knowledge, explanations, and prediction of
    social life and the generation of new research
    hypotheses.(Faia, 1986; ritzer,2000:4)
    Disaster theory

    Disaster Theory offers the theoretical background needed to understand what


    disasters are and why they occur. Drawing on related disciplines, including sociology,
    risk theory, and seminal research on disasters and emergency management, it lays
    out the conceptual framework of the emerging field of disaster studies.

    . “Disaster represents a disruption of the normal social and economic patterns of a


    community”. (Dyer, 1999, p.294) Britton (1988) also shows that crisis is synonymous
    with disaster, and that “a disaster, from a sociological standpoint, is probably the event
    which, above all other social crisis events, causes maximum community disruption and
    dislocation”. (Britton, 1988, p. 375-376) Stallings (1991) also explains that disasters
    have functional and dysfunctional consequences
    Major theories on disaster management
    lEconomic Theory
    lMarxist Interpretation on Disaster
    lWeberian perspectives of emergency management
    lSocial constructionist views
    lOrganizational behavior
    lEmergent behavior
    lRisk perception and communication
    lDevelopment
    lSustainability
    lTechnology
    cont...
    lDecision theory
    lSystems theory
    lChaos theory
    lManagement theory
    lPaper plan syndrome
    lNetworking and collaboration
    lCompliance model of evacuation
    lPolicy making
    lPreparedness and improvisation
    lIntegration
    Combined theories:

    Organizational Attitudinal Management Economic Development


    Perspective Perspective Perspective perspective perspective
    Organizational perspective
    • Lack of organizational collaboration and networking in pre-disaster, during and after
    disaster is likely to produce more vulnerability.
    • Instantly appeared organizations make untrained responders and volunteers which
    may produce unwanted casualties during emergency operation.
    • Integration among various organization can mitigate the vulnerability.

    Each of these theories have reflected the behavior of organizations in disaster


    management.
    Attitudinal Perspective
    Our Culture is like that it can rise vulnerability. In addition, our practices, attitudes, values
    let us to the greater losses. It is common that we usually don’t pay heed to the disasters. It
    is natural in our attitude that we downplay probable harmful consequences but exaggerate
    our ability to deal with disaster and thus for this attitude our vulnerability don’t decrease.
    Then after during impending disaster when we have to evacuate to safe place for reducing
    our vulnerability, at that time we are not willing to do that due to some reasons mainly of
    attitudes. But the emergency responders have to understand several factors to encourage us
    to evacuate and finally to reduce the vulnerabilities. We know there can’t be any
    vulnerability without hazard. Thus, our degree of vulnerability can be determined based on
    our attitudes on a daily basis from the view point of social construction.
    It includes:
    Management Perspective
    Cont.

    Political perspective
    Cont.
    Others..
    Economic perspective
    Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event, bringing great damage, loss, destruction and devastation to life
    and property as well as economy. Economic conditions and political powerlessness are related to
    disaster vulnerability. Natural disasters affect the poorest countries more than others, the most
    vulnerable and marginalized populations have to deal with the most serious consequences (FREITAS et
    al., 2012; IFRC, 2003, 2010). Economist Gary Becker suggested that increased investment in education,
    which raises GDP, as better-educated people and more prosperous nations have better capacity to
    manage disasters.

    • Remittances significantly mitigate the impacts of natural disasters in terms of the number of victims in
    developing countries, accounting for between 8% and 17% of Gross National Product (GNP) (cf. EBEKE &
    COMBES, 2013);

    NO ONE IS IMMUNE... BUT SOME ARE MORE VULNERABLE THAN OTHERS.


    Cont.
    It includes two of the theories:

    1. Economic theory

    2. Marxist interpretation of disasters


    Development Perspective

    Contradictory to the term disaster—which has a negative connotation—


    development often, but not always, has a positive and progressive implication. The
    two terms—disaster and development—tend to divert society towards opposite
    directions, these two concepts are undoubtedly related to each other. According
    to Fordham (2007) “Many [scholars] (Collins 2009; Manyena 2012; Schilderman
    1993; O’Brien et al. 2006) are now realizing that there is strong connection
    between disaster and development”
    Cont.
    The Disaster Management Training Programme (1994), McEntire (2004) and Fordham
    (2007) indicate four ways in which disaster and development support and conflict each
    other:

    (1) development increases vulnerability to disaster

    (2) development reduces vulnerability to disaster

    (3) disaster sets back development, and

    (4) disaster provides development opportunities

    Sustainable development reduces the susceptibility to vulnerability otherwise haphazard


    development results in additional disaster. Development in technologies could lessen
    impacts of natural disasters but over-reliance on it actually generating seeds of disaster.

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