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    6) Gauss's Law Electric Field at R Due To A Point Chage Q at (0,0)

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    ekky
    This document discusses Gauss's law and Stokes' theorem from vector calculus. It defines the curl operator and gives an example of calculating the curl of a vector field. It explains that Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge, and that Stokes' theorem relates the circulation of a vector field around a closed curve to the surface integral of the curl of the field over any surface bounded by the curve. The document also introduces Ampere's law, which relates the circulation of the magnetic field around a closed curve to the current passing through the enclosed surface.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6) Gauss's Law Electric Field at R Due To A Point Chage Q at (0,0)

    Uploaded by

    ekky
    18 views12 pages
    This document discusses Gauss's law and Stokes' theorem from vector calculus. It defines the curl operator and gives an example of calculating the curl of a vector field. It explains that Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge, and that Stokes' theorem relates the circulation of a vector field around a closed curve to the surface integral of the curl of the field over any surface bounded by the curve. The document also introduces Ampere's law, which relates the circulation of the magnetic field around a closed curve to the current passing through the enclosed surface.

    Original Description:

    teorema 4

    Original Title

    107998719-GEOFISIKA-ELEKTROMAGNETIK

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document discusses Gauss's law and Stokes' theorem from vector calculus. It defines the curl operator and gives an example of calculating the curl of a vector field. It explains that Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge, and that Stokes' theorem relates the circulation of a vector field around a closed curve to the surface integral of the curl of the field over any surface bounded by the curve. The document also introduces Ampere's law, which relates the circulation of the magnetic field around a closed curve to the current passing through the enclosed surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views12 pages

    6) Gauss's Law Electric Field at R Due To A Point Chage Q at (0,0)

    Uploaded by

    ekky
    This document discusses Gauss's law and Stokes' theorem from vector calculus. It defines the curl operator and gives an example of calculating the curl of a vector field. It explains that Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge, and that Stokes' theorem relates the circulation of a vector field around a closed curve to the surface integral of the curl of the field over any surface bounded by the curve. The document also introduces Ampere's law, which relates the circulation of the magnetic field around a closed curve to the current passing through the enclosed surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    6) Gauss’s law

    electric field at r due to a point chage q at (0,0)


    q
    E er Coulomb' s law
    4r 2
    ( : dielectric constant, 1/4  9 109 in vacuum in mks unit)

    q
    D  εE, D er
    4r 2
    1
    d  sin dd  2
    dA
    r
    q 2 1
    D  nd  D cos d  DdA  r d   qd
    4r 2
    4
    q q

    closed
    D  ndσ 
    4π total d 
    4π
     4  q ( q inside  )
    surface σ solidangle

    For multi-sources,  D  ndσ   D  ndσ   q


    closed i closed
    i
    i
    i

    surface σ surface σ
     D  ndσ  total charge inside the closed surface
    closed
    surface σ

     D  ndσ 
    closed
     d 
    volume
    Gauss’s Law
    surface σ bounded by 

    Using the divergence theorem,


     D  ndσ 
    closed
       D 
    volume
     d
    volume
    surface σ bounded by  bounded by 

      D   ext
    7) Example of gauss’s law. E=?
    a) For electrostatic problem, E=0 inside
    b) For symmetry, E should be vertical.
    Dn  D ,  D  nd  D  (surface area)
    total charge inside is C(surface area) for C surface charge density.
    D  (surface area)  C  (surface area)
    D C
    Mathematical methods in the physical sciences 3rd edition Mary L. Boas

    Chapter 6 Vector analysis

    Lecture 22 Curl and Stoke’s theorem


    11. Curl and Stoke’s theorem
        
      V  curl V  ( , , )  (Vx , V y ,Vz )
    x y z
    i j k
       
     
    x y z
    Vx Vy Vz 
    v
    Ex. vω r�
    r sin  
    ѴѴ�
    vω�r�-(�� )r ω( ω) r( )  r
    ��
    x �y � z�
    ω(�� r )  ω � + + � 3ω
    ��
    x �y � z�
    � � � ��
    �)r  �
    (ω � x +  y + z � (ix + jy + kz )  i x + j y + k z  ω
    � �x �y �
    z �
    �
    y � z
    since  0
    �
    x � x

       v    (ω  r )  2ω “Curl v gives the angular velocity.”


    1) meaning of curl circulatio n  V  dr

    curl V  0

    curl V = 0

    curl V  0

    curl V = 0

    curl V  0
    cf. (from ‘Griffiths’)

    vs.
    cf. (from ‘Griffiths’)
    Example 1.5

    v a  - yxˆ + xyˆ (Fig. 1.19a)


    v b  xyˆ (Fig. 1.19b)
    ................ then, their curls?

      v a  2zˆ ,
      v a  zˆ .
     V  dr   (curl V)  kdxdy   (curl V )  nd ,
    around d d d

    1
    (  V )  n  lim
    d 0 d  V  dr
    around d

    bad
    good

    Stoke’s theorem
    curve
     V  dr   (  V)  nd
    surface
    bounding
    Example 1. V  4 yi + xj + 2 zk ,  (  V)  nd  ?
    over the hemisphere x 2 + y 2 + z 2  a 2 , z  0.
      V  -3k

    (a) integrate the expression at it stands


    (b) use Stoke’s theorem and evaluate the line integral around the circle
    (c) use Stoke’s theorem to say that the integral is the same over any
    surface bounded by the circle, for example, the planar area inside the
    circle.
    nk
       V   n   - 3k   k  -3
    Ampere’s law  H  dr  I
    C

    H : magnetic field
    C : closed curve
    I : current
    For a specific case,
    2

     H  dr   H rd   H r  2  I
    C 0

    I
    H
    2r

     H  dr  I   J  nd ,
    C
    J : current densitiy cf. I   J  nd

     H  dr   (  H)  nd
    C

     (  H)  nd   J  nd


    H  J : one of the Maxwell equations

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