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    3.1 Basic Psychology

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    Ganesh Naik
    Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has two main branches - pure psychology which establishes theories and frameworks, and applied psychology which applies psychological principles to real-world situations. Some key areas of psychology include developmental psychology, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology. Psychology provides benefits across many domains including education, medicine, business, law, and self-improvement. It aims to help understand human behavior and mental states in order to solve problems, build skills, and promote well-being.

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    3.1 Basic Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Naik
    80 views23 pages
    Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has two main branches - pure psychology which establishes theories and frameworks, and applied psychology which applies psychological principles to real-world situations. Some key areas of psychology include developmental psychology, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology. Psychology provides benefits across many domains including education, medicine, business, law, and self-improvement. It aims to help understand human behavior and mental states in order to solve problems, build skills, and promote well-being.

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    this is a document of basic psychology for medical

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    Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has two main branches - pure psychology which establishes theories and frameworks, and applied psychology which applies psychological principles to real-world situations. Some key areas of psychology include developmental psychology, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology. Psychology provides benefits across many domains including education, medicine, business, law, and self-improvement. It aims to help understand human behavior and mental states in order to solve problems, build skills, and promote well-being.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    80 views23 pages

    3.1 Basic Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Naik
    Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has two main branches - pure psychology which establishes theories and frameworks, and applied psychology which applies psychological principles to real-world situations. Some key areas of psychology include developmental psychology, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology. Psychology provides benefits across many domains including education, medicine, business, law, and self-improvement. It aims to help understand human behavior and mental states in order to solve problems, build skills, and promote well-being.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

    DEFINITION:
     PSYCHOLOGY : derived from the Greek word
    ‘Psyche’ meaning Soul and ‘Logos’ meaning
    Study, to the Greeks, psychology is simply a study
    of soul.
    But, inability to define ‘Soul’ , they defined it as ‘Study of
    Mind’,
    Failure of defining ‘Soul’ and ‘Mind’, persuaded the
    philosophers and psychologists to define as, “the
    description and explanation of state of consciousness as
    such”.
    Based on further studies, it was defined as…
    Psychology is defined as the scientific study of
    the nature, functions and phenomena of
    behaviour and mental experiences of a living
    organism based on surroundings.
    The term ‘Behaviour’ is :
     ‘Any manifestation of life activity’, and behaviour is a
    collective name for :
    1) Motor or conative activities - an inclination (such as an
    instinct, a drive, a wish, or a craving) to act purposefully.
    2) Cognitive activities- like thinking, reasoning, imaging,
    of, relating to, being, or involving conscious intellectual
    activity.
    3) Affective activities- like feeling happy, sad and angry,
    etc.
    4) behaviour at subconcious or unconscious state.
    Consequently, it covers the behaviour, involving the inner
    experiences and mental processes.
    The nature of the subject is scientific if it
    fulfils the following criteria:
     Contains facts and able to support it through universal
    laws and principles.
     Emphasizes on search for truth.
     Does not believe in sterotypes or superstitions.
     Adopts methods of objective investigation, systematic and
    controlled observation and scientific approach.
     Helps in predicting the future developments.
     Is able to turn theory into practise by having its applied
    aspect.
    SCOPE:
     Studies, describes, explains the behaviour of living
    organisms- which includes humans, insects, birds
    and plants.
     Behaviour based on:
    1)Conative 5) Unconscious
    2) Cognitive 6) Subconscious
    3)Affect
    4) Conscious
     Cause Effect relationship- possesses a
    universally accepted body of facts and believes in
    modificaton and alterations in its principle.
    BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY:

    PURE PSYCHOLOGY: APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY:


     Framework and theory  ‘PURE’ takes its practical
     Suggests various methods form.
    and techniques for analysis,  Application of
    assessment, modification psychological rules,
    and improvement of principles, theories,
    behaviour. techniques with reference
    to real life practical
    situations.
    PURE PSYCHOLOGY:
     GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY: Deals with the fundamental
    rules, principles and theories of psychology in relation to the
    study of behaviour of NORMAL adult human beings.

     ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: Describes and explains the


    behaviour of ABNORMAL people in relation to the
    environment.
     SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Deals with group behaviour
    and inter- relationships of people with other people. Group
    dynamics- likes and dislikes, interests and attitudes, social
    distances, prejudices of people in their personal and social
    relationships.
     EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Describes and
    explains the ways to carry out experiments in lab or by
    scientific methods- for the study of mental processes and
    behaviour.

     PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Describes and


    explains the biological and physiological basis of
    behaviour-that is, to study the body, particularly the brain,
    nervous system, function of glands, with relation to
    conative, cognative and affective behaviour of human
    beings.
     PARA PSYCHOLOGY: Deals with extra sensory
    perceptions, cases of re-birth, telepathy, allied problems.

     GEO PSYCHOLOGY: Describes and explains the relation of


    physical environment- like weather, climate, soil, landscape
    with behaviour.

     DEVELOPMENT PSYCHOLOGY: Describes and explains


    the processes and products of process of growth and
    development in relation to the behaviour of an individual
    from birth to old age- Child, Adolescent and Adult.
    APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY:
     EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Applies to the
    psychological principles, theories and the techniques to human
    behaviour in education situations- so covers all aspects of
    teaching or learning, includes learning process, learning
    material, learning environment, teacher.
     CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Explains the causes of mental
    illness or abnormal behaviour of a patient attending the
    clinic or hospital- and suggests individual or group therapy for
    the treatment and effective adjustment of the affected person in
    society.

     INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Application of


    psychological principles, theories and techniques for study of
    human behaviour in relation to industrial environment-
    includes : improving the ways of knowing taste and interests of
    consumers, solving labour problems, establishing a good
    relationship between employee and employer,etc.
     LEGAL PSYCHOLOGY: Study the behaviour of persons
    like clients, criminals, etc- in their respective surroundings
    with help of the application of psychological principles and
    techniques, the root cause of the crime, offence, disputes or any
    legal case can be properly understood through the use of this
    branch of psychology and proper reformatory and rehablitation
    measures can be taken.

     MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY: Principles and techniques on


    military science- how to keep the morale of soldiers, how to
    improve fighting capacities,leadership,etc.

     POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Principles and techniques in


    studying politics and deriving political gains- dynamics of
    group behaviour, judgement of public opinions, etc.
    UTILITY:
     Education
     Medicine
     Business and Industry
     Criminology
     Politics
     Guidance and Counselling
     Adjustment and Mental health
     Military Science
     Human relationships and World peace
     Self developments
     EDUCATION:
    - Improve the process and products of education.
    - Theories of learning, motivation, personality, etc, have been
    responsible for shaping and designing the educational
    systems according to the needs and requirements of students,
    which helps in planning effectively and efficiently.
     MEDICINE:
    - Doctor, nurses, needs to know good behaviour to achieve
    good results.
    - Psychology has contributed valuable therapeutic measures
    like behaviour therapy, play therapy, psychoanalysis, etc for
    the diagnosis and cure of pateints suffering from
    psychosomatic as well as mental diseases.
     BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY:
    Salesmanship, manufacturer, advertisement- one has to apply
    psychology to yield for good results, provides most suitable
    ways for selection, training, placement of persons, and maintain
    a harmonious relationship.
     CRIMINOLOGY:
    Detection of crimes and dealing with criminals have been
    influenced by psychology- the use of psycholog, has resulted in
    change of attitude in the general public as well as civil and
    judicial authorities in dealing with criminals.
     POLITICS:
    Psychology of group behaviours, group dynamics, social
    distance, etc, provided various techniques for gaining
    popularity, leading masses, achieving political gains.
     GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING:
    For those seeking solution to their problems of adjustment in
    education, employements and personal life, where measures
    and techniques are suggested to solve difficulties.
     ADJUSTMENT AND MENTAL HEALTH:
    Psychology helps to adjust ones self with other people and
    things in the environment and this secures good health.
     MILTARY SCIENCE:
    Helps in selection, training, classification of defence personnel.
     HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS AND WORLD PEACE:
    By trying to understand human nature and the needs and
    interests of our fellow beings- which helps in world solidarity
    and international peace.
     SELF DEVELOPMENT:
    Helps to understand his assets and limitations, abilities,
    shortcomings, habits, etc.
    Helps improve:
    - Habits
    - Seek self control
    - Thrive for adequate development and progress.
    This helps in developing a well balanced nd integrated
    personality.
    THANK YOU…

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