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    L17 - Transient Analysis

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    Samiullah Qureshi
    This document summarizes a lecture on unsteady state (transient) thermodynamic analysis. It provides an example problem of isothermally filling a rigid tank with oxygen gas. The first law of thermodynamics is applied to the system and integrated over time to determine the heat transfer required, which is calculated as -1143 kJ based on the given conditions.

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    L17 - Transient Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Samiullah Qureshi
    30 views10 pages
    This document summarizes a lecture on unsteady state (transient) thermodynamic analysis. It provides an example problem of isothermally filling a rigid tank with oxygen gas. The first law of thermodynamics is applied to the system and integrated over time to determine the heat transfer required, which is calculated as -1143 kJ based on the given conditions.

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    This document summarizes a lecture on unsteady state (transient) thermodynamic analysis. It provides an example problem of isothermally filling a rigid tank with oxygen gas. The first law of thermodynamics is applied to the system and integrated over time to determine the heat transfer required, which is calculated as -1143 kJ based on the given conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    30 views10 pages

    L17 - Transient Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Samiullah Qureshi
    This document summarizes a lecture on unsteady state (transient) thermodynamic analysis. It provides an example problem of isothermally filling a rigid tank with oxygen gas. The first law of thermodynamics is applied to the system and integrated over time to determine the heat transfer required, which is calculated as -1143 kJ based on the given conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Department of Mechanical Engineering

    ME 322 – Mechanical Engineering


    Thermodynamics

    Lecture 17

    Unsteady State (Transient) Analysis


    What is a Transient Process?
    A transient process occurs whenever the time derivative
    related to the system gain (or loss) is not zero ...
     g   g  dE
     
    Vi 2 Ve2
    Q W  m i  hi   zi   m e  he   ze   G
    i  2 gc gc  e  2 gc gc  dt
    dmsys
     mi   m e 
    i e dt

    Emptying
    a tank

    Filling a
    tank

    2
    Department of Mechanical Engineering
    ME 322 – Mechanical Engineering
    Thermodynamics

    Example – Problem 6.61

    3
    Example – Filling a Tank
    Given: Filling a rigid tank with oxygen

    T  20C

    Use the ideal gas


    m1  0 kg model for oxygen
    m 2  15 kg properties
    Q12

    Find: The heat transfer required to fill the tank isothermally

    4
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    The First Law for the system is, m 2  15 kg

    Q12

     g   g  dEG
     
    Vi 2 Ve2
    Q W  m i  hi   zi   m e  he   ze  
    i  2 gc gc  e  2 gc gc  dt

    dEG
    Q  m i hi 
    dt
    dEG d dU sys
     U  KE  PE G 
    dt dt dt
    dU sys
     Q  m i hi 
    dt

    5
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    So far, the following expression for m 2  15 kg

    the system has been developed, Q12

    dU sys
    Q  m i hi 
    dt

    Some observations ...


    • The problem asks for the heat transferred (total energy)
    but the First Law has a heat transfer rate
    • How do I know what the mass flow rate into the tank is?
    Is this a constant value?
    • How do I represent the derivative on the RHS?

    6
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    The mass flow rate in is contained in m 2  15 kg

    the conservation of mass, Q12

    dmsys
    mi  me 
    dt

    Making this substitution into the First Law,


    dmsys dU sys
    Q hi 
    dt dt
    Multiply both sides by dt,
    Qdt  hi dmsys  dU sys

    7
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    This equation can be integrated over m 2  15 kg

    the time of the filling process, Q12

     Qdt   
    t m2 U2
    hi dmsys  dU sys
    0 m1 U1

     Qdt  Q
    t

    12
    0

    hi dmsys  hi  m 2  m1 

    m2

    m1


    U2
    dU sys  U 2  U1  m 2u2  m1u1
    U1

    8
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    Substituting and rearranging, m 2  15 kg

    Q12  hi  m 2  m1   m 2u2  m1u1


    Q12

    Q12  m 2  u2  hi 

    The oxygen is being modeled as an ideal gas. Therefore,


    hi  ui  Pv
    i i  ui  RTi

    Substitution into the First Law results in,

    Q12  m 2 u2   ui  RTi     Q12  m 2 RTi

    9
    T  20C

    Example
    m1  0 kg
    Finally, doing the calculations ... m 2  15 kg

    Q12

    Q12  m 2 RTi

    What is Ti? There is a valve between the tank and the line.
    However, we know that a valve is isenthalpic. Since enthalpy
    is constant and the substance is being modeled as an ideal
    gas, the throttling process is also isothermal. Therefore,

     kJ 
    Q12   15 kg   0.260   20  273.15  K
     kg-K 
    Table C.13b

    Q12  1143 kJ  The heat transfer is from the oxygen


    (the assumed direction was wrong)

    10

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