Study of Plcs and CNC Machines at Bhel,: Register No: 15bec1172 Name: V Ajay Kumar
Study of Plcs and CNC Machines at Bhel,: Register No: 15bec1172 Name: V Ajay Kumar
Study of Plcs and CNC Machines at Bhel,: Register No: 15bec1172 Name: V Ajay Kumar
on
Study of PLCs and CNC machines
at
BHEL,HYDERABAD
• Function
According to CNC Information, CNC lathes rotate a workload along an axis and
remove material from the workload with each pass. Workloads that are
modified by CNC lathes emerge with symmetrical and cylindrical shapes. CNC
lathes can be programmed to create an unlimited number of shapes and
designs into objects.
Advantages of CNC Lathe Machines
• Accuracy
Because the cutting tools are controlled by a computer, you can within .
0001 inches as long as your tooling is sharp and the conditions of the spinning
material on the lathe are set to optimize the cutting process.
• Speed
CNC lathes are not only accurate but can be run very fast. This leads to
increased efficiency and more parts per hour. Because CNC lathes often have
12 or more tools in a turret, they can change to another tool rather quickly.
• Cost
Although initial costs are high with CNC lathes, they will quickly pay
for themselves with their speed and accuracy.
CNC LATHE
CNC Milling
• CNC Milling, or Computer Numerically Controlled milling (CNC) is the
process of machining physical objects from 2D or 3D digital information,
which is imported from CAD or other design programs converted to a
specific language understood by the machine.
Working
• Step 1: Toolpathing
Toolpathing is the process of translating a 2D or 3D computer model into a
series of "paths" for the CNC mill bit to follow as it excavates the model from
a block raw material
• Step 2: Machining
Machining involves translating the toolpaths into commands to small stepper
motors in the milling machine that move the head incrementally in the X, Y
and Z directions.
Advantages-Disadvantages
Advantages of CNC Milling
• Very good for one-off or geometrically simple objects
• Virtually any material can be milled with a proper cutter, therefore
costs are low
• Complex parts can be milled with high detail
• Tolerances of 0.001" to 0.003" are possible
Disadvantages of CNC Milling
• A more reduced set of features possible
• Certain features are not possible, including internal shapes or parts
• Size limitations depend on the actual CNC machine used
• More material waste than casting type processes
• Quite slow
CNC Flame Cutting
PLC in case of a CNC is meant for the machine tool builder who can connect
all the peripherals on machine to the inputs and outputs. Normally PLC in
case of CNC is integrated into the system and hence may not have a separate
CPU as shown in case of only a PLC. Also it is possible to connect any general
PLC to a CNC system and write the logic as desired to achieve the functions.
Block diagram of a CNC machine is given below for reference.
Your learning from the training
• Automation is crucial in manufacturing and
engineering processes to ensure effectiveness and
efficiency
• And to achieve this, CNCs and PLCs are
employed.
• CNCs are like microcontrollers which control the
flow of processes.
• PLCs in CNCs controls the i/o connected and
peripheral actuators.
Future Possibilities
• CNCs have been in industry for quite long and
been developing gradually since their invention.
• Developments can be made in communications,
hardware and software.
• With the high-speed Ethernet it is also possible to
monitor online.
• High speed processors and more memory helps in
motion control, vision system integration.
Conclusion
• Latest CNC machines are very sophisticated and
costly equipment.
• Their invaluable role in automation is obvious
from their ubiquitous use in industries.
• Their accuracy and production capability will be
greatly reduced it they are not properly
maintained.
• Use of diagnostic tasks and pinpoint
troubleshoot ensures good maintenance.
References
• www.bhel.com
• www.controleng.com