01 Introduction To Press Tools

Introduction To
PRESS TOOLS
INTRODUCTION :
The word tooling refers to the hardware necessary to
produce a particular product. The most common classification
of tooling are as follows :
1. Sheet metal press working tools.

2. Molds and tools for plastic molding and die casting.
3. Forging tools for hot and cold forging.
4. Jigs and fixtures for guiding the tool and holding the work piece.
5. Gauges and measuring instruments.
6. Cutting tools such as drills, reamers, milling cutters broaches, taps, etc.
PRESS TOOLS
Press tools are special tools custom built to produce a component

mainly out of sheet metal. Press tool is of stampings include cutting
operations like (shearing, blanking, piercing, etc.) and forming operations
(bending, drawing, etc.)
Sheet metal items such as automobile parts (roofs, fenders, caps, etc.),
components of air crafts parts of business machines, household appliances, sheet
metal parts of electronic equipments Precision parts required for horlogical
industry etc, are manufacture by press tools.
PRESS TOOLS & OPERATIONS
Blanking:
Blanking is a process of
producing flat stampings.
The entire periphery is cut

and cut out piece is called the blank.
Piercing:
It is the operation of making hole in the
stamping. Here also the entire periphery is
cut and cut piece is waste.
Cut-off:
Cut off operation separates the
work material along a straight line
or angular or irregular in a single
cut. No scrap is produced in cutting
off operation.
Parting off:
Parting off is an operation which involves cutoff
operation to produce blank from the strip as
shown in the figure. During parting, some scrape
is produced. There fore, parting is the next best
method for cutting blanks.
Perforating:
If more number of holes are

pierced, it is called perforating.
Side cam tool :
Side cam transforms vertical motion
from the press ram into horizontal or
angular motion in the tool.
Dinking:
To cut paper, leather, cloth, rubber
and other soft materials a dinking tool
is used. The cutting edges penetrate
the material and cuts. The die will be
usually a plane material like wood or
hard rubber.
Trimming:
It is the operation of cutting the
edges of the drawn components which
are wavy and irregular. The term
trimming is also used when the
material of a strip or the portion of a
blanked component or a portion of a
pierced hole is partially removed.
Shaving:
It is an operation of removing a
small amount of material a around the
edges of a previously blanked
stampings or pierced hole to get a
good finish on the cut edges and
accurate dimensions with min. radius
at the edge of the component.
Broaching:
It is similar to shaving operation. In
this a tool having a
series of teeth profile removes metal
from the edges of the
blanked component in a progressive
way.
Lancing:
It is a combination of cutting and
bending operation along a line in the
work material.
Bending:
It is the shaping of material around a

straight axis which extends completely
across the material. The result is a plane
surface at an angle to the original plane of
the flat blanked component.
Forming:
It is similar to bending except that
the line of bend is along a curved axis
instead of a straight one.
Drawing:
In drawing a flat blank is
transformed into a cup or shell.
Shell or cup produced may
be cylindrical or rectangular with
straight or tapered sides.
Curling:
It is an operation of rolling
the edges of a sheet metal into a curl
or roll. It improves the appearance of
the piece part. It is also increase
strength.
Bulging:
It is an internal forming
operation used to expand portions
of a drawn shell or tube.
The more common media
are rubber, urethane, oil, or water
Swaging:
The operation of swaging some

times called necking is exactly the
opposite of bulging.
Extrusion:
This is a special process to manufacture

collapsible tubes, shells etc. The blank which is
loaded in the die, is forged upward or downward
under high pressure between punch and die.
Coining:
It is the process of
pressing cold material in a tool
so that it flows into the
engraved profiles on the die
face.
Assembly tool:
Assembly tool assemble two or more
parts together by press fittings ,riveting or
other means.
Flaring, lugging or collar drawing:
The process of forming an outward flange
on parts is called flaring operation.
Planishing:
Planishing tool is used to straighten, blanked
components. Very fine serration points penetrate
all around the surface of the component.
Progressive tool :
progressive tool are those in

which progressive tools perform work
at a number of stations simultaneously.
A final component is taken off at final
station, with each stroke of press.
Compound tool :
In compound tool all or

maximum features of the component
can be produced in one stroke of the
ram. Basically compound tools are
inverted tool. Used to maintain high
accuracy between the features and
to get burr on same side.
Combination tool :
In combination tool two or more

operations such as forming, drawing,
extruding, embossing may be
combined on the component with
various cutting operations like blanking,
piercing, broaching and cut off.
Sub press tool:
Sub press tools blank and form

very small parts. the die components are
retained in a sub press. Sub press is a
small press which is operated in large
one.

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01 Introduction To Press Tools

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Introduction To

1. Sheet metal press working tools.

Press tools are special tools custom built to produce a component

The entire periphery is cut

If more number of holes are

It is the shaping of material around a

The operation of swaging some

This is a special process to manufacture

progressive tool are those in

In compound tool all or

In combination tool two or more

Sub press tools blank and form

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