Land Filling in MSW
Land Filling in MSW
Land Filling in MSW
Considerations
What is Waste?
Types
Solid Waste
Liquid Waste
Gaseous Waste
Classification of Waste
• Waste Generation
• Processing at Source
• Collection
• Processing at a Central Facility
• Transportation and final disposal on land
Resource Recovery Through Separation
and Recycling
Recycling involves
• Separation of waste materials
• Preparation of separated fractions for reuse
• Reprocessing and remanufacturing
• Reuse of prepared material
Materials in MSW which can be separated and
recycled
• Paper
• Glass
• Plastic
• Ferrous metals
• Aluminium cans
• Site Development
• Construction Schedule
• Material and Equipment Requirement
• Enviornmental Control During Operation
• Closure and Post Closure Programmes
Waste Acceptance
a) Authorised waste only.
b) No liquid waste or slurry type waste
c) No recyclable waste
d) No compostable waste
e) No waste from which energy recovery is feasible through thermal/
biological process.
f) Incompatible wastes in separate landfill units
g) No non-hazardous or municipal waste in HW landfills and no
hazardous waste in MSW landfills
h) Extremely hazardous wastes should be stabilised before land filling
or disposed in specially designed waste disposal units.
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Site Selection
Valley landfills----------------------------
Trenches of landfills vary from
100 to 300 m in length
1 to 3 m in depth
5 to 15 m in width with side slopes of 2:1
Planning of Phased Operation
• Progressive use of the landfill area such that at any given instant of
time a part of the site may have a final cover, a part being actively
filled, a part being prepared to receive waste and a part in an
undisturbed state.
• Progressive excavation of on-site fill materials and minimization of
double handling.
• Minimizes the area required for landfill operations and concentrates
waste disposal activities within prepared areas.
• Reduces leachate generation by keeping areas receiving waste to a
minimum.
• Enables progressive installation of leachate and gas control.
• Allows clean surface water runoff to be collected separately.
Phase:- It is the sub area of
the landfill. A phase consists
of cells, lifts, daily cover,
intermediate cover, liner and
leachate collection facility,
gas control facility and final
cover over the sub-area.
Each phase is typically
designed for a period of 12
to 18 months.
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Estimation of Landfill Capacity
(Volume/height/area)
1. Waste generation rate = W tons per year
2. Active life of landfill = n years
3. Total waste in n years (T) = W x n tons
4. Volume of waste(V) = T/density cum
5. Volume for daily cover = 0.1 V
6. Volume for liner and final cover = 0.2V to 0.3V
7. Total volume(Landfill capacity) = V+0.1V+0.25V
8. Total area available = A sqm
9. Area for infrastructure = 0.15 A to 0.25A
= 0.2 A
10.Area of land filling = A-0.2A=0.8A
11.Height (+depth) of landfill = 1.35V/0.8A
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Landfill Liner, Leachate Collection and Treatment
Site development
The following site infrastructure should be provided:
– Site Entrance and Fencing
– Administrative and Site Control Offices
– Access Roads
– Waste Inspection and Sampling Facility
– Equipment Workshops and Garages
– Signs and Directions
– Water Supply
– Lighting
– Vehicle Cleaning Facility
– Fire Fighting Equipment.
Site entrance infrastructure should include:
– A permanent, wide, entrance road with separate entry and
exit lanes and gates.
– Sufficient length/parking space inside the entrance gate till
the weighbridge to prevent queuing of vehicles outside the
entrance gate and on to the highway. A minimum road
length of 50 m inside the entry gate is desirable
– A properly landscaped entrance area with a green belt of
20 m containing tree plantation for good visual impact
– Proper direction signs and lighting at the entrance gate
– A perimeter fencing of at least 2m height all around the
landfill site with lockable gates to prevent unauthorised
access
– Full time security guard at the site.
Construction schedule
The construction schedule shall plan for
the following
– The arrival sequence and time required for
vehicles bringing waste to the landfill site
– Climate and wind effect
– Traffic on the access roads
– Impact on adjoining areas.
Material and equipment requirement
A comprehensive material requirement plan for the construction
of various phases of the proposed landfill shall be prepared in
advance before the commencement of the construction work.
Materials may be required for