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    14 - Laws of Logarithms

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    Devita Octavia
    The document summarizes several laws of exponents and logarithms: The product rule for exponents states that xm × xn = xm+n, and the quotient rule states that xm/xn = xm-n. Similarly, the product rule for logarithms is logb(xy) = logb(x) + logb(y), and the quotient rule is logb(x/y) = logb(x) - logb(y). Examples are given to illustrate how to use these rules to simplify logarithmic expressions. The document also covers how to solve equations containing logarithms by rewriting them in exponential form and using properties of exponents.

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    14 - Laws of Logarithms

    Uploaded by

    Devita Octavia
    235 views8 pages
    The document summarizes several laws of exponents and logarithms: The product rule for exponents states that xm × xn = xm+n, and the quotient rule states that xm/xn = xm-n. Similarly, the product rule for logarithms is logb(xy) = logb(x) + logb(y), and the quotient rule is logb(x/y) = logb(x) - logb(y). Examples are given to illustrate how to use these rules to simplify logarithmic expressions. The document also covers how to solve equations containing logarithms by rewriting them in exponential form and using properties of exponents.

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    The document summarizes several laws of exponents and logarithms: The product rule for exponents states that xm × xn = xm+n, and the quotient rule states that xm/xn = xm-n. Similarly, the product rule for logarithms is logb(xy) = logb(x) + logb(y), and the quotient rule is logb(x/y) = logb(x) - logb(y). Examples are given to illustrate how to use these rules to simplify logarithmic expressions. The document also covers how to solve equations containing logarithms by rewriting them in exponential form and using properties of exponents.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    235 views8 pages

    14 - Laws of Logarithms

    Uploaded by

    Devita Octavia
    The document summarizes several laws of exponents and logarithms: The product rule for exponents states that xm × xn = xm+n, and the quotient rule states that xm/xn = xm-n. Similarly, the product rule for logarithms is logb(xy) = logb(x) + logb(y), and the quotient rule is logb(x/y) = logb(x) - logb(y). Examples are given to illustrate how to use these rules to simplify logarithmic expressions. The document also covers how to solve equations containing logarithms by rewriting them in exponential form and using properties of exponents.

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    Laws of Exponents

    Let’s dig deep into our


    memories and try to
    remember the laws of
    exponents.

    Product Rule x �x = x
    m n m +n

    Quotient Rule x m �x n = x m -n

    It’s all coming back now. I remember this stuff.


    Laws of Logarithms
    What are the Laws of Logarithms?
    Since Logarithms are just exponents
    written in a different form, maybe the
    Laws of Logarithms are the same as the
    Laws of Exponents.

    Product Rule logb (xy ) = logb x + logb y


    Quotient Rule logb (x �y ) = logb x - logb y
    Power Rule logb (x )n = n logb x
    This looks pretty easy, but how
    does it work with actual numbers?
    Examples of the Logarithm Laws

    Product Rule logb (xy ) = logb x + logb y


    log2 (32 �8) = log2 32 + log2 8

    Quotient Rule logb (x �y ) = logb x - logb y


    log2 (32 �8) = log2 32 - log2 8

    Power Rule logb (x ) = n logb x


    n

    May I log2 (8)4 = 4 log2 8


    press the
    easy button
    Logarithm Laws
    in Action
    1
    1
    log x = log x 2 = log x I can do that.
    2
    �m �
    Express log �3
    �in terms of log m and log n
    �n �
    1
    �m � �m� 1 3�m� 1
    log � �= log � � = log � �= (log m - log n )
    3

    �n � �n � 3 �n � 3

    That one made my brain hurt, but I think I can do it.


    More Logarithm
    Laws in Action
    If log 2 = x and log 3 = y, express each
    of the following in terms of x and y

    a ) log 6 b ) log24
    log 6 = 2 �3 log 24 = log(8 �3)
    1
    This really isn’t
    = log ( 2 �3)2 = log(2 �3)
    3
    as difficult as I
    1 thought it was.
    = log ( 2 �3) = log(2)3 + log 3
    2
    1
    = ( log 2 + log 3) = 3log 2 + log3
    2
    1 = 3x + y
    = (x + y )
    2
    Solving Equations that That sounds
    confusing, but

    Contain Logarithms I guess I’ll give


    it a try.

    If log b A = log b B then A = B

    If log N = 2log x + log y


    solve for N in terms of x and y
    Try to put the equation in the form log b A = log b B

    Undo the power law log N = log x2 + log y

    Undo the product law log N = log x2y


    Drop the log and set
    the numbers equal N = x2y
    More Equations that
    Contain Logarithms
    1
    Solve for x: log x - log 8 = log 7
    3
    Put the equation in the form log b A = log b B
    1

    Undo the power law log x - log 8 = log 7


    3

    Evaluate what you can log x - log 2 = log 7


    x
    Undo the quotient law log = log 7
    2
    Drop the log and set x
    the numbers equal =7
    2
    Solve the equation x = 14
    Exponentiating Logarithmic Equations
    I’m not even sure what that means. Let’s give it a look.

    Solve for x: log4 (x - 3) + log4 (x + 3) = 2


    Logarithms are exponents written in a different form

    Undo the product law (x - 3)(x + 3) �


    log4 �
    � �= 2
    Write in exponential form (x - 3)(x + 3) = 42

    Evaluate what you have (x - 3)(x + 3) = 16


    x 2 - 9 = 16
    You must check for x 2 = 25
    extraneous roots That looked
    x = �5 hard at first,
    but it really
    Write your final answer x=5 wasn’t hard
    after all.

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