Wcdma Kpi Optimization: Presented by Ahmed Aziz
Wcdma Kpi Optimization: Presented by Ahmed Aziz
Wcdma Kpi Optimization: Presented by Ahmed Aziz
Presented by
Ahmed Aziz
agenda
› Future requirement
3g kpi principle --- s.m.a.r.t.
WCDMA RAN Optimization
1. admission Control
2. Congestion Control
Both these services provide the efficient use of available resources. And ensure the services to
costumer.
1.Check Parameter 1. RBS specific 1. Check for node 1. Check for congestion
settings for: parameters configuration on user plane (AAL2)/
error/mismatch, control plane (UniSaal
a). Feeder length/TMA 2. Verify /correct
node limitations or /SCTP) for Iub resources.
individual licensed
b). OCNS transport network
capacity levels for 2. Expand TN bandwidth
c). Adm Control layer service
the node. (via
unavailability. 3. Check IuCs / IuPs
d). Check available AMOS or SMO)
succ rate, affects all cells
resources (Downlink Tx 3.Check Channel in RNC
power, Channelization elements usage
codes). trends
RRC Succ rate could be low due to RF related issues also.
(Poor RF in RACH, FACH) Investigate the RF using WMRR
and trial maxfach1power and constantValueCprach
RRC Degradation
CS/PS Accessibility
Hardware/Antenna
alarms, VSWR
(RAB)
Congestion
Hardware Fault
PwrHyst 300
Uplink cell congestion
detection
Congestion – dl power
› Align maximumTransmissionPower with maxDlPowerCapability
› Increase pwrAdm (but make sure that pwrAdm + pwrOffset is less than 100%)
– Con: Less power available for SHO
› Reduce sf16Adm/sf8Adm
› Increase CE licensing
› Add DUW
– You can find out the RBS Link ID in OSS CEX/AMOS. Iub blockings can be caused by T1/IMA link
faults, mis-configurations or lack of Iub resource. Escalate to UTRAN or ML if you see lots of Iub
blockings in these counters for further investigation. In the interim, suggest Coverage limiting (reduce
CPICH, increase qrxlevmin) of traffic offloading (qoffset,) recommendations.
– 2. CE usage:
› Check the CE usage and suggest CE usage reduction either by traffic offloading or RAXB/TXB
harvesting (exchanging from low traffic sites)
– 3. UL RSSI:
Check the Quality Report for UL RTWP level.
– 4. HW or iub link issues:
Check alarms and link error seconds/unavailability.
– 5. Poor Radio:
Check WMRR for signal level and quality distributions. Use GPEH or drive test to check pilot
pollutions.
Offload traffic to another Cell/Site (which has coverage overlap) with no problems in FailedAfterAdm
› Before spending too much time on a cell, check the cell availability of the neighbors. A major neighbor
down or has T1 issue would impact the nearby sites. Also check RRC Reject due to MP Load.
BaSIC Accessibility
parameter check
Parameter Name Default Value Value Range Resolution Unit
aseDlAdm 240 0...500 1 ASE
aseUlAdm 160 0…500 1 ASE
dlCodeAdm 80 0…100 1 %
pwrAdm 75 0…100 1 %
pwrAdmOffset 10 0…100 1 %
sf8Adm 8 0…8 1 # no of radio links
sf16Adm 16 0…16 1 # no of radio links
sf32Adm 32 0….32 1 # no of radio links
ulHwAdm 100 0…100 1 %
dlHwAdm 100 0…100 1 %
primaryCpichPower 8-10% of maxTxPower NA 1 dB
qQualMin -18 -24…0 1 dB
qRxLevMin -115 -25…-119 1 dBm
maxFach1Power 18 -350 ….150 0.1 dB
eulServingCellUsersAdm 64 0…96 1 Licensed dependent
hsdpaUsersAdm 64 0…128 1 Licensed dependent
Feature related to
Accessibility
License FEATURE NAME FROM TO
CONGESTION
CONGESTION DROPS
IRAT DROPS
› Counter: pmNoSysRelSpeechNeighbr
› Suggestions:
› 1. Run WNCS and check Missing Neighbors. Check inter-site distance to
determine if they need to be added. (Prioritize missing neighbors in the order of
# of drops, # of events, distance, average RSCP/EcNo)
› Pay attention: Use SC(not cell name) to add missing neighbor.
› Counter: pmNoOfTermSpeechCong
› This counter is Incremented by one when the speech call release is due to
congestion. The connection is terminated by RNC.
› Suggestions:
› 1. Check admission counters (LackdlCode, lackdlpwr, UL/DLHwAdm) on RAB
establishment to find out the resource bottleneck.
› 2. Check for MPLoad. (Suggest temporary traffic-offloading)
› 3. Check for Iub congestion. (Suggest temporary traffic-offloading)
› 4. Verify CE usage and HW allocation and dimensioning
› 5. Check for special events (sports/festivals/holidays/accidents) or if a site
nearby was down.
Retainability
Drops due to UL Sync
› Counter: pmNoSysRelSpeechUlSynch
› This counter is Incremented by one when the speech call release is due to the timer dchRcLostT expires.
› Suggestions:
› 1. Resolve Missing Nbrs & SoHo issues, if any;
› 2. Check Alarms/T1/UL RSSI/HW/MP Load for the cell;
› 3. Check Propagation delay and WMRR for radio condition. If RSCP is bad, site needs to be optimized for
coverage by uptilt(coverage hole); if EcNo is bad ,down tilt to reduce pilot pollution;
› 4. Trial different cell designation (for instance, SHO to IRAT/IFHO). Lower the thresholds used to trigger
IRAT/IFHO (usedFreqThres2dEcno, usedFreqThresh2dRscp);
› 5. Check IRAT failure rates. Audit 2G (IRAT) neighbor list to see if there is missing 2G neighbors. This may
be especially true for cells on the border of the 3G coverage area;
› 6. Check for internal & External UL RSSI issues (neighbor cells);
› 7. Trial minPwrMax (increase), minPwrRL(increase) to improve RL connection, constantly check for DL
power congestion in these trials.
› 8. Limit qRxlevmin to avoid taking far away samples (calls starting at low quality and dropping
immediately).
› 9. Check CPICH Powers with the major neighbors. Keep the delta small to maintain UL balance in SHO
border. CPICH Power should be between 8-10% of maxTxPwr.
› 10. Cell maybe serving a radio environment with a relatively high number of UEs experiencing sudden
interference changes (generally caused by bridges, buildings, tunnels, steep hilly terrain, etc). As a
consequence of these changes, power utilization is higher. Trial minpwrlRL, Individualoffset but monitor
non-HS power utilization, and active set update failures.
Retainability
Drops due to Others
› KPI Formula:
› Drop Due to Other = pmNoSystemRabReleaseSpeech –pmNoSysRelSpeechUlSynch –
pmNoSysRelSpeechSoHo - pmNoOfTermSpeechCong
› Basically all other speech drops which were not pegged in any of the speech drop counters described in
the previous slides.
› Suggestions:
› 1. Resolve missing nbrs, SoHo, UL sync issues if any before “other” drops
› 2. Check Alarms/T1/UL RSSI/HW/VSWR/MPLoad for the cell.
› 3. Check WMRR and Propagation Delay to improve radio condition and coverage range.
› 4. Assess the terrain profile and see if tilt can be adjusted.
› 5. Check Iub Congestions.
› 6. Check SHO/IRAT/IFHO failure rates. Optimize the respective (SHO/IRAT/IFHO) nbr list.
› 7. Trial HOtype and Adjust 2d thresholds (usedFreqThresh2dRscp, usedFreqThresh2dEcNo) if coverage is
weak in the area.
› 8. Check for RAX/TX board errors, may require a restart.
› 9. Check Scrambling Code Collision.
› 10. Check CPICH Power with the major neighbors. Keep the delta small to maintain UL balance in SHO
border. CPICH Power should be between 8-10% of maxTxPwr.
› 11. Restart the site if all the above has been checked and still cannot find out the problem.
› Usually drops due to others are radio related(RU/CBU/FU). A site restart or HW replacement might be
needed. Conduct drive test and record GPEH of the area for further investigation if necessary.
Solutions to control Drops due to
ULsync & Others
› Ideally, the drops due to ULsync & Others can be reduced by controlling the noise floor
in the WCDMA cell, which can be done by the means of EDT or Layer Management
( Changing HOtype or relaxing 2d thresholds). If in some cases, tilting & LM can’t be
changed, the following set of parameters can also be tried:
› 1. minpwrMax:
› Defines the maximum power per Radio Link relative to CPICH power where Radio Link bit rates are
equal to or below minimum Rate (15.9 Kbps). Increasing this parameter, provides more power for CS
users on the cell edge, at the expense of DL power.
› Connections that fall into this range are: Signaling Radio Bearers (3.7 Kbps), Standalone Signaling
Radio Bearers (14.8 Kbps), Conversational Circuit Switch Speech AMR 12.2 Kbps (15.9 Kbps).
› 2. minpwrRL:
› By changing this parameter, the minimum power given per radio link is increased, therefore the
starting point for power control ramping is higher, avoiding deep power decreases due to good RF
conditions. Hence the radio link become now less sensitive to sudden RF conditions degradation.
› 3.rlfailureT:
› Increasing the time before the radio link is considered out of sync, can lead to the signal recovering
and the call being saved from being dropped.
› 4. noutsyncInd:
› Increasing the consecutive number of error radio frames can lead to the delay in UE entering the
“Out-of-Sync” state and the delay in starting the rlfailureT timer.
BaSIC retainability
parameter check
Parameter Name Default Value Value Range Unit
hoType 2 0,1,2 none
minPwrRl -150 -350..150 dB
individualOffset 0 -100..100 dB
minPwrMax -15 -350..150 dB
nOutSyncInd 10 0….500 Frame
rlFailureT 10 0..255 sec
reportingRange1a 4 0..29 dB
reportingRange1b 8 0..29 dB
timeToTrigger1a 10 0…15 ms
timeToTrigger1b 12 0…15 ms
usedFreqThresh2dEcno -12 -24..0 dBm
usedFreqThresh2dRscp -100 -115..-25 dBm
loadSharingGsmFraction 100 0..100 %
loadSharingGsmThreshold 95 0..100 %
hsdschInactivityTimer -1 -1..-1, 1..255 s
inactivityTimer -1 -1..-1 1..1440 s
inactivityTimerPch -1 -1..240 s
downswitchTimer -1 -1..-1 0..1000 s
Case study- SHO Parameter trial
1.- DESCRIPTION
The feature enables tuning of intra-frequency mobility behaviour in high mobility areas, such as
highways, in order to reduce the number of dropped calls in these areas. It is achieved by
speeding up Radio Link additions to the Active Set and slowing down RL removals from the AS.
The feature can also be used in low mobility areas to limit the number of event 1a or event 1b
occurrences
.
Call Re-Establishment
Inactivity Timers on Cell Level
Soft Handover Parameters on Cell Level
MOBILITY
Handover in WCDMA
Mobility/Handover is defined as the ability of a user to move between
neighboring UMTS and GSM Cells and retain its requested service (CS or PS)
once connected.
Soft/Softer Handover
Inter-Frequency Handover
Inter-Radio Access Technology (Inter-RAT) Handover
mobility
Soft Handover
In Soft Handover, the UE connection consists of at least two radio links established with cells
belonging to different Node-B.
In Softer handover, the UE connection consists of at least two radio links established with cells
belonging to the same Node-B.
Soft Handover is controlled through the events 1a, 1b, 1c & 1d:
1a: A new candidate for the active set enters reporting range
1b: A cell in the active set leaves the reporting range
1c: A cell not in active set becomes stronger than a cell in the active set
1d: Any cell becomes better than the best cell in the active set
Inter-Frequency Handover allows continuation on dedicated channels when the UE is moving out
of coverage of one WCDMA RAN frequency to an area where coverage on another WCDMA
RAN frequency exists. IFHO can also be triggered when performing cell selection for a packet
connection.
●
Interference
●
Pilot Pollution
●
Overshooting of nearby cells
●
Low coverage area
●
External Interference
●
PSC Collision
●
Two or more nearby Cells having same PSC
●
Missing Neighbour Definition
●
Improper cell relations resulting into failed HO
●
Neighbouring Site E1/Hardware Issue
●
Attempts to nearby site failing due to E1/Hardware issue
●
Improper Definitions
●
Improper External Definitions in RNC/MSS
●
Congestion on neighboring site
●
Limited resource neighboring site will lead to failures
●
On Utran Cell Locked, Channels Unlocked
●
Attempts to the cell will take place based on unlocked cell, but will not succeed as cell is locked
Mobility
SHO & Soho
CS IRAT HO Failure
Definition
External Cell Definition – Cell defined in RNC/BSC
●
nodes)
Hardware
●
Blocking
●
Hardware Failure
Check
●
Poor GSM BCCH Channel quality
●
E1 Issues
BaSIC mobility parameter
check
PARAMETER NAME Object Default Recommended Value Range
fddGsmHOSupp RNC TRUE TRUE 0,1
hoType Utrancell GSM_PREFERRED GSM_PREFERRED 0,1,2,
usedFreqThresh2dEcno Utrancell -12 -15 -24..0
usedFreqThresh2dRscp Utrancell -100 -105 -115..-25
gsmThresh3a RNC -95 -92 -115..0
COEXUMTS BSC 1 (ON) 1 (ON) 0,1
gsmAmountPropRepeat RNC 4 1 0..25
gsmPropRepeatInterval RNC 5 15 0..25
tmStopGsmMeas RNC 20 20 1..60
ifhoAmountPropRepeat RNC 4 4 0..25
ifhoPropRepeatInterval RNC 5 5 0..25
fddIfhoSupp RNC 1 1 0,1
serviceOffset2dEcno RNC 0 0 -20..20
utranRelThresh3aEcno RNC -1 0 -10..10
timeToTrigger3a RNC 6 6 0..15
integrity
Introduction
HSDPA & EUL throughput ARE used as MAIN Indicators FOR SERVICE
INTEGRITY.
Low Throughput
codeThresholdPdu656
NumHspdschcodes
16 QAM hsMeasurementPowerOffset
64 QAM
Hspower margin
numEagchCodes
queueSelectAlgorithm
Eul
numEhichErgchCodes
eulmaxshorate
maxTransmissionPower
eulMaxOwnUuLoad
UtranCell
eulMaxRotCoverage eulServingCellUsersAdm
Case study- cqi Improvement-
hsMeasurementPowerOffset
1.- DESCRIPTION
Offset relative to the P-CPICH that the UE shall use when calculating the assumed HS-PDSCH power in the
CQI estimation
– Range: (0.. 200)
– Default: 0 [0 dB] / 0.1 dB
– Recommended: 80 [8 dB]
.The new recommended value is intended to shift the distribution of reported CQI away from the lower
edge, since CQI=0 will result in no scheduling and reduced throughput. Tuning of the parameter might
still be needed (considering the observed CQI distribution), but the recommended value is a better
starting point for this tuning than the current default value.
• The channel quality indicator is used by the UE to signal to the RBS it’s current radio conditions. In
fact it sends the RBS a number relating to the biggest transport block that the UE thinks it can
successfully decode under the current conditions.
• The UE reports a number between 1 and 30 and this indicates a maximum transport block size
depending on the UE category
2.- EXPECTED BENEFITS:
User and reported CQI.
3.- DETAILS:
–Changing “hsMeasurementPowerOffset” from less than 80 to default value 80.
CQI Adjustment
RBS throughput?
High number of NACKs
XXXXXX
X = 10%
High CQI √
reporting
UE High retransmission rate cqiAdjustmentOn = TRUE
=> low throughput