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    Kodak in Paradigm of Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

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    Rana Sajid Omer
    This document provides a history of Kodak from 1888 to 2008 and analyzes its competitors and interfirm rivalry. It discusses Kodak's founding principles, products, growth over time, and competitors such as Canon, Sony, Nikon, and Fujifilm. It finds that Kodak lost market share in the 2000s as these competitors introduced new digital SLR cameras. While Kodak had the first digital camera in 1984, it waited until 2002 to fully enter the digital market, allowing competitors to gain an advantage. The analysis shows that firms with similar resources closely monitor each other's moves and that market dependence and resource availability impact the likelihood of attack and response between competitors.

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    Kodak in Paradigm of Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    Uploaded by

    Rana Sajid Omer
    136 views26 pages
    This document provides a history of Kodak from 1888 to 2008 and analyzes its competitors and interfirm rivalry. It discusses Kodak's founding principles, products, growth over time, and competitors such as Canon, Sony, Nikon, and Fujifilm. It finds that Kodak lost market share in the 2000s as these competitors introduced new digital SLR cameras. While Kodak had the first digital camera in 1984, it waited until 2002 to fully enter the digital market, allowing competitors to gain an advantage. The analysis shows that firms with similar resources closely monitor each other's moves and that market dependence and resource availability impact the likelihood of attack and response between competitors.

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    This document provides a history of Kodak from 1888 to 2008 and analyzes its competitors and interfirm rivalry. It discusses Kodak's founding principles, products, growth over time, and competitors such as Canon, Sony, Nikon, and Fujifilm. It finds that Kodak lost market share in the 2000s as these competitors introduced new digital SLR cameras. While Kodak had the first digital camera in 1984, it waited until 2002 to fully enter the digital market, allowing competitors to gain an advantage. The analysis shows that firms with similar resources closely monitor each other's moves and that market dependence and resource availability impact the likelihood of attack and response between competitors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    136 views26 pages

    Kodak in Paradigm of Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    Uploaded by

    Rana Sajid Omer
    This document provides a history of Kodak from 1888 to 2008 and analyzes its competitors and interfirm rivalry. It discusses Kodak's founding principles, products, growth over time, and competitors such as Canon, Sony, Nikon, and Fujifilm. It finds that Kodak lost market share in the 2000s as these competitors introduced new digital SLR cameras. While Kodak had the first digital camera in 1984, it waited until 2002 to fully enter the digital market, allowing competitors to gain an advantage. The analysis shows that firms with similar resources closely monitor each other's moves and that market dependence and resource availability impact the likelihood of attack and response between competitors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Kodak in Paradigm of Competitors

    Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry


    History of Kodak

    • Came with slogan "you press the button, we


    do the rest," in 1888
    • 1902 - The KODAK Developing Machine simplified
    the processing of roll film
    • 1903 - KODAK Non-Curling Film
    • 1907 - Kodak's worldwide employment passed
    the 5,000 mark.
    • 1908 - world's first commercially practical safety
    film using cellulose acetate base instead of the
    highly flammable cellulose nitrate base.
    • 1913 - The introduction of EASTMAN Portrait
    Film
    • 1914 - A 16-story office building, the company's
    present worldwide headquarters
    • 1917 - Kodak developed aerial cameras and trained aerial
    photographers
    • 1920 - Tennessee Eastman Company was organized to
    manufacture wood alcohol for film base.
    • 1921 - The Eastman Savings and Loan Association was
    established to help employees save and to finance home
    purchases.
    • 1927 - Kodak employment throughout the world passed the
    20,000 mark.
    • 1928 - Motion pictures in color became a reality for amateur
    cinematographers with the introduction of 16 mm
    KODACOLOR Film.
    • 1929 - The company introduced its first motion picture film
    designed
    Products
    • Professional Films
    • Papers and Materials
    • Digital Photo Printers
    • Image Enhancement
    • Chemicals
    • Software
    George Eastman, founder of Eastman Kodak, relied on some
    basic principles for his business: (Taken from Kodak History.)

    • Mass production at low-cost                                           

    • International distribution                                                   

    • Extensive advertising                                                       

    • Focus on the customer                                                    

    • Foster growth and development through continuing research

    • Treat employees in a fair, self-respecting way

    • Reinvest profits to build and extend the business


    Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    • Drivers of Competitive Behavior


    – Awareness
    Do the company managers understand
    the key characteristics of competitors?

    – Motivation
    Does the company have appropriate
    incentives to attack or respond?

    – Capability
    Does the company have the necessary
    resources to attack or respond?
    Answer is Yes
    • Kodak has own Brand
    • They spent 5.19% of sales on R & D for
    Innovation purpose
    • Globalization
    • Standardized products
    • Capable employees (for taking the good and
    on time decisions)
    Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    • Competitor Analysis
    – Market Commonality

    • Do firms compete with each other in multiple markets?


    • Multipoint competition tends to reduce competitive
    interactions, but increases the likelihood of response where
    interaction occurs.
    Kodak Competitors
    • Canon
    • Sony
    • HP
    • Agfa
    • Fujifilm
    • Nikon
    Market Share & use of technology
    • Canon 18.7% (7 Digital SLRs 24 Point & Shoot)
    • Sony 15.8% (3 Digital SLRs 11 Point & Shoot)
    • Kodak 10% (No Digital SLRs 24 Point & Shoot)
    • HP (No Digital SLRs 7 Point & Shoot)
    • Nikon (5 Digital SLRs 17 Point & Shoot)
    • Fujifilm
    Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    • Competitor Analysis
    – Resource Similarity

    • Firms with similar resources are more likely to be aware of


    each other’s competitive moves?

    – Firms are less inclined to attack a firm that is likely to retaliate


    – Firms with dissimilar resources are more likely to attack
    – Do competitors possess similar types or amounts of resources
    Existing Rivalry
    • Cannon and Sony are using almost same
    technology
    • Companies are trying to differentiate their
    products
    • Cannon spent 8.22% of sales on R&D.
    • Nikon SLR shipments grew at the 71.1% rate,
    in comparison to Canon's 29.3% rate.
    In 2006 – 2008 Canon lose their market share
    because….
    • DSLR cameras in Japan on 2008, you can see
    that the top selling camera was the Canon
    rebel XSI with 19.1% market share, on the top
    second you can find Nikon D60 SLR camera
    with 10.9% market share, on the third-place
    the Nikon D80 with 10.6% and onto 4th place
    you can find the Nikon D40 with 9.1%.
    • On 2006 Canons has ruled that DSLR market
    with 47% market share, when Nikon had only
    33%. Only a year later, Canon lost 5% of its
    market share and went down to 42% market
    share, whether Nikon has gained 7% and went
    up to 40% market share in the DSLR market.
    • On 2008 Canons lost another 2% and went
    down to 38% DSLR market share and Nikon
    went down to 37% DSLR market share. Both
    companies lost some market share because a
    new player was entered the market (on 2006)
    and that was Sony. Sony purchased Konica
    Minolta in  start producing their own DSLR
    cameras line called 'Alpha'.
    Target of Sony
    • Gathered 20-25% of market shares.
    Competitors Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry

    Interfirm Rivalry:
    Attack & Response

    Likelihood of Attack

    – First Mover Incentives (advantage can be substantial)


    Kodak is not a First Mover

    Kodak made a digital camera in 1984 but they did not


    want to disturb their strong market shares. At that
    time they had 60-70% gross margin and they did not
    go in digital camera for only 30% market shares.

    Canon came up with the digital technology and Kodak


    came in 2002 with digital camera and their launching
    and installing the machines and change their whole
    setup time was 4 years
    Likelihood of Response

    – Dependence on the Market


    – Resource Availability
    Dependence on the Market
    • Market Dependence
    – Kodak company is not dependent on the one
    market because of high competition and low
    margin so they entered in to the printer market.
    • Competitor Resources
    – The company competitors like Canon, Sony also
    having huge resources and working in the multiple
    markets.
    Resources availability
    Core Competencies (In Current Scenario)

    Differentiation Strategy
    • Improved Features and characteristics
    • Medium Price
    • High Customer Service
    • Standardized Products
    • Rapid Innovation
    Thank you

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