Module 2 - Developing The Whole Person

Module 2:
Developing the whole person

A D O L E S C E N C E
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Changes
Q W E R T Y U I O P
Q
A Q
S Q
D Q
F Q
G H J K L
Z X C V B N M
P H Y S I C A L
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External
Q W E R T Y U I O P
Q
A Q
S Q
D Q
F Q
G H J K L
Z X C V B N M
Adolescence
: The state or process of growing up
: A stage of development prior to maturity.
Adolescence, from 13 to 19 years old, is

considered as a transition from childhood to
adulthood, a passage from one stage to
another(Hurlock, 1982).
Puberty
: The period of life when a person’s sexual
organs mature and he or she becomes able
to have children.
Onset of Adolescence
10 – 11 years old 11 – 12 years old

Physical, psychological and mental
changes are INEVITABLE
Establish personalities
FRUSTRATINGLY
and INSTANTANEOUSLY
Teen agers look through “Rose-tinted
glasses”
Sexual maturation may be
Overwhelming
and might caught you Off guard
Integral to your personality

Rejection
Influenced by peers
Frustrations
Ordeal to adults
Physical or Physiological changes
and their Implications
Height & Weight
Boys grow eventually taller than girls.
Muscles
Boys‘ muscles grow larger than girls.
Sex Organs
-The boys’ testes or gonads rapidly grow
bigger for a year during early pubescence.
-The penis also grows markedly.

-The release of sperm, spermarche, during
nocturnal emissions or wet dreams
-In girls, the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries,
and vagina grow rapidly during puberty.
-Menarche, or the first menstrual period,

marks a girl’s sexual maturity and is
indicative of her capacity to be pregnant.
Secondary sex characteristics
These characteristics are your physical
features that distinguishes males from
females as well as those that give you sex
appeal (Hurlock, 1982).
Voice
-Boys: husky at first but eventually lowers
in pitch. Boys hear their voice break, which
are not true for girls.
Girls: come to have fuller and more
melodious voice
Trunks
-Boys’ muscles markedly grow and give shape
to their torso.
-Girls’ hips become wider and rounder, which
resulted from the enlargement of their pelvic
regions. Their breast also develop and their
muscles grow in size and strength, which give
their arms, shoulders, and legs shape.
Body hair
-Boys: body hair appears after the pubic hair has
almost completed its growth.
-Girls: pubic hair and body hair appear together
with the development of primary sex
characteristics.
Hormones
Androgens and Estrogens are hormones or
chemical substance produced by endocrine
glands that actively affect physical growth and
development.
Testosterone
Is an androgen that is strongly associated in the
physical maturation of boys.
Sexual desires
Height
Deepening of voice
Development of genitals
Estradiol
Is an estrogen that is strongly associated in the
physical development of girls.
breast
Widening of hips
Uterine Development
Sebaceous glands
a small gland in the skin which secretes a
lubricating oily matter (sebum) into the hair
follicles to lubricate the skin and hair.
Acne and other skin problems

Body odor
Apocrine glands
Apocrine glands in the skin and eyelid are
sweat glands. Most apocrine glands in the skin
are in the armpits, the groin, and the area around
the nipples of the breast. Apocrine glands in the
skin are scent glands, and their secretions
usually have an odor.
Only few adolescents experience body-cathexis
or satisfaction with their bodies, Stice and Shaw
(2002).
Physical attractiveness
Self-conscious
Low self-esteem
Lack of self-confidence
Adjustments
Physical Hygiene
Physical Exercises
Self-acceptance
Cognitive changes and their
Implications
Cognitive
: Of, relating to, or involving conscious
mental activities (such as thinking,
understanding, learning, and remembering)
Structural development stages
 The neurons in the corpus callosum thicken and
connect the left hemisphere and the right
hemisphere of your brain.
 Development is also observed in the prefrontal
cortex
 The Amygdala matures much earlier than the
prefrontal cortex
Corpus Callosum
 Is the Latin word for
“tough body”
 Will form in the brain
between 12 and 16
weeks after
conception and near
the end of the first  Acts as a connector
trimester of  It will continue to develop
pregnancy. throughout childhood, until 12
years old.
 In 1955, Ronald Myers,
a graduate student at the
University of Chicago,
proved its function was
related to coordination
and complex problem-
solving.
Prefrontal cortex
 is the cerebral cortex covering
the front part of the frontal
lobe. This brain region has
been implicated in planning
complex cognitive behavior,
personality expression,
decision making, and
moderating social behavior.
 orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with

internal goals
Executive function relates to abilities to
differentiate among conflicting thoughts,
determine good and bad, better and best,
same and different, future consequences
of current activities, working toward a
defined goal, prediction of outcomes,
expectation based on actions, and social
“control” (the ability to suppress urges
that, if not suppressed, could lead to
socially unacceptable outcomes).
Amygdala
is an almond-
shape set of
neurons located
deep in the brain's
medial temporal
lobe.
Amygdala
Shown to play a key role in the processing of

emotions, the amygdala forms part of the limbic
system.
In humans, it is the most sexually-dimorphic brain structure,
and shrinks by more than 30% in males upon castration.
Amygdala
Conditions such as anxiety, autism, depression, post-traumatic

stress disorder, and phobias are suspected of being linked to
abnormal functioning of the amygdala, owing to damage,
developmental problems, or neurotransmitter imbalance.
While your amygdala is already fully developed to
recognize your emotions, your prefrontal cortex is not
yet adequately matured to reason and understand your
experiences objectively and may fail to control intense
emotions. Hence, your feelings or emotions sometimes
dominate your capacity to think logically.
An adolescent’s cognitive ability for abstraction and
advanced reasoning is a characteristic of the formal
operation period
- Jean Piaget
Metacognition
Awareness or analysis of one’s own learning or thinking
processes.
Egocentrism Preoccupation
Caring too much about yourself and not about other
people.
Searching for deeper meaning
of things
Doubts on the ways
parents raised them
Compare parenting styles
Lack of clear plans or fast changing
decisions engages you to Risky
behavior
Fickle-mindedly explore and
experiment
Curiosity and
Confusion on self-improvement
Big idea
Changes in your cognitive ability are manifested
by your ability to think more abstractly, to process
information into meaningful messages, and to
understand complex situations.
Psychological or Emotional
changes and their implications
Emometer
Instructions:
1. Think of your favorite feeling. Is it excitement?
Amazement? Surprise? Then think of a feeling that
bothers you often, is it anger? Fear?
Disappointment? Choose one that you want to focus
on this activity.
2. Based on the chosen feeling, identify thoughts that
come to your mind.
3. Write these thoughts in the box provided below.
Align these thoughts with the corresponding intensity of
your chosen feeling indicated by the emometer.
Adolescence is a transition of “storm and stress”
(Hurlock, 1982)
-Teenagers experience a lot of emotional ups and

downs.
easily excited
easily shows irritation

Some adolescents experience emotional storm and
stress in the period where they are emotionally unstable.
e.g.
 Slightest problem with their
partner
 Envious to those who possess
more material things
Teenagers use these material possessions as status
symbols (Hurlock, 1982)
Nonetheless, if you can differentiate emotional patterns

between adolescence and those when you’re a child,
you eventually gain a degree of control on how you
express your emotion.
Emotional maturity
How do I know if I am emotionally mature?
 Express emotions in a socially

acceptable manner
 FACE difficult situations
 Practices critical thinking before
being emotionally carried away
 Less reactive to provocative and

emotionally heated situation
 Reflecting moods that do not swing
from one emotion to another
 You also realize that lessons can be

learned from each difficult
experience.
 Gaining important life skills from
each obstacle you conquer
These realizations is important in

your journey toward self-
actualization
Journal
In your journal, answer these questions:
1. What causes your feelings or emotions? What
makes these feelings or emotions overwhelming for
you?
2. How do your thoughts affect your feelings?
Social changes during adolescence
Social pressures and demands add to the stress
and storm of the adolescence years.
Peers Intimate relationship

Fewer friends
Relationship with the opposite sex

However, of not handles well. Your need
for belongingness may lead to your
conforming to the standards of your peers
without considering the consequences.
Peer Pressure
“KJ” or Kill joy
Drinking alcohol
Smoking Illegal drugs
Cutting classes
Sexual activities
UNFRIENDED
BLOCKED
MUTED
“Choose your
friend wisely”
Early adolescence is characterized by bias
regarding the members of the opposite sex.
As they progress through the years of
adolescence, social insight improves
(Hurlock, 1982)
You become more capable of
judging members of the
opposite sex objectively.
You can now relate with them
and adjust in social situations
more easily.
Further, the more you
participate in social gatherings,
the more socially competent
you become.
You are able to carry on
conversations
Behave properly in front of
people
You’ll have confidence to share
your talents
“Choose a leader”
Admired
Respected
How to make successful social
adjustments?
Enhance social skills
Carry yourself gracefully in front of others
Enjoy the company of your peers
Learn to clarify your boundaries
“Skit me this”
Instructions:
1. Once you grouped yourselves, construct a skit with
your group using the topic assigned to the group.
2. Rules: do not use any kind of props.
you can use the chairs in side the
classroom.
using profanity is not allowed.
Scoring:
Rate the other groups in Group 1
Section: 11 - Platinum
your class from 1-10
Group 2:
Group 3:
Group 4:
Journal
1. How do you satisfy your need for belongingness?
2. In what ways do your friends influence you?
Moral/Spiritual changes and their
Implications
What is the most important in your
life right now?
What do you think is the purpose of
your existence?
What kind of life do you want to

lead?
“Moral development
starts with obeying
your elders”
Adolescents should have attained
post-conventional reasoning or have
developed moral reasoning based on
the universal human rights
~Kohlberg
When facing with a moral dilemma,
adolescents must be able to stand on
that their personal conscience
dictates them to do.
Adolescents who deviate from their
own general principles and act upon
the wishes of others even though
these are wrong are more likely to
suffer from self-condemnation
~Hurlock, 1982
Further, during this stage, you come
to critically think about how the
world is usually ran by adults
You want to validate established
norms by experimenting on them
yourself.
You want to build your own moral
codes, which you will use as bases
in judging what is right and what is
wrong.
You want to validate established
norms by experimenting on them
yourself.
Relationship of thoughts, feelings
and behaviors
BEHAVIOR
FEELINGS S
THOUGH
TS

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Module 2:

Developing the whole person

Adolescence, from 13 to 19 years old, is

10 – 11 years old 11 – 12 years old

Integral to your personality

-The penis also grows markedly.

-Menarche, or the first menstrual period,

Acne and other skin problems

 orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with

Shown to play a key role in the processing of

Conditions such as anxiety, autism, depression, post-traumatic

-Teenagers experience a lot of emotional ups and

easily shows irritation

Nonetheless, if you can differentiate emotional patterns

 Express emotions in a socially

 Less reactive to provocative and

 You also realize that lessons can be

These realizations is important in

Peers Intimate relationship

Relationship with the opposite sex

Smoking Illegal drugs

What kind of life do you want to

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