Philippine Constitution Agrarian Reform AND Taxation
Philippine Constitution Agrarian Reform AND Taxation
Philippine Constitution Agrarian Reform AND Taxation
CONSTITUTION
AGRARIAN REFORM
AND
TAXATION
What is a constitution?
A constitution is defined as the fundamental law
of the land.
A constitution is also described as the highest
expression of the law.
representative cabinet
AGRARIAN REFORM
Elpidio Quirino
issued Executive Order No. 335 which replaced the National land
Settlement Administration, a government agency, with the land Settlement
Development Corporation (LASEDECO)
Ramon Magsaysay
Signed Republic Act 1199 or the Agricultural Tenancy of 1954- which
governed the tenant- landowner relationship by organizing the share-
tenancy and leasehold system
Enacted Rep. Act. 1400 Land Reform Act of 1955
Enacted Rep. Act 821 Creation of Agricultural credit cooperative and
Financing Administration
Enacted R. A. 1400 Created the land Tenure Administration- to handle
the acquisition and distribution of large tenanted rice and corn lands
Diosdado Macapagal
Joseph Estrada
enacted Executive order 151 consolidated small farm operation into medium
or large scale enterprises to qualify for long term capital.
Gloria Arroyo
DAR renamed Department of land Reform- widen the function of the
Department
TAXATION
What is Taxation?
- It is an important tool which the government employs to
keep overall money expenditure for goods and services from
advancing or failing rapidly.
- It claim that the most important aspect of taxation is not
the amount of revenue which it produces, but its effect on the
level of local money expenditures.
2. Certainty- Taxpayer’s should know which taxes are imposed, the amount
to pay and the manner of payment.
2. Capital Revenue- covers procceds from sales of fixed capital assets or scrap
thereof and public domain and gains on such sale like on sale on public land,
building, and other structure, equipment and other properties recorded as
fixed assets.
5. Grants - cover voluntary contributions and aid given to the goveernment for
its operation on specific purposes. it does not required any monetary
commitment on the part the recepient. it can be in the form of money and/
or materials
Types of taxes
1.Capital gain tax- imposed on gain that may have been realized by a seller
from sale, exchange, and other disposition of capital asset located in the
Philippines.
2. Documentary stamp tax- tax on the documents, instruments, loan
agreement, and paper evidencing the acceptance, assignment, sale or
transfer of an obligation, rights, or property incident thereto.
3. Donor’s tax- is a tax on a donation or gift. It is also a tax imposed on the
gratuitous transfer of property between two or more person who are living at
the time of the transfer.
4. Estate tax- tax on the right of the deceased person to transmit his/her
estate to lawful heirs and beneficiaries.
5. Income tax- a tax on all small profits made from property ownership,
profession, trades or offices
6. Percentage tax- tax imposed on person or entities who sell or lease goods,
properties or services in the course of trade or business whose gross annual
sales or receipt do not exceed the amount required to register as Vat-
taxpayers
7. Value added tax- a business tax imposed and collected from the seller in
the course of trade or business on every sale of property.
8. Excise tax- is a tax imposed on gods manufactured or produced in the
Philippines for domestic sale or consumption
9. Withholding Tax on compensation- is a tax withheld from individuals
receiving purely compensation income arising from an employer- employee
relationship .
10. Expanded Withholding tax- is prescribed only for certain payors like those
withheld on rental income and professional income.
11. Final Withholding Tax- kind of withholding tax which is prescribed only for
certain payor and is not creditable against the income tax due of the payee
for the taxable year
12. Withholding Tax on government Money payments- tax withheld by
government offices including GOCC, before making any payments to private
individual or corporation and partnership.
Tax Evasion vs. Tax Avoidance
Activity 3
2. As a student college student, How will help the government to improve its
tax system?