Definition of Sexual Assault: 3 Levels Stats
Definition of Sexual Assault: 3 Levels Stats
Definition of Sexual Assault: 3 Levels Stats
78 per 100,000
Survey>>6 out of every 100 only reported
Real number = 1300 for every 100,000
RAPE
Rape Myths
See textbook
Stereotypic idea
False but widely believed
Serve to deny & justify male aggression
against women
M > F
Types of Rapists
Different motivations
Different classifications
www.safefromabuse.com/images/photos/myths.jpg
RAPE
Types of Rapists
Power rapist
Anger rapist •Dominance Sadistic
•More force than •Sexual
& control
needed •Force gratification
•Degrade victim by hurting
varies
•Anger >> F •A lot of
•Not sex
•Not sexual injury,
•Fantasies
gratification •40% torture,
•50% death
•Violent
fantasies
**opportunistic •5%
RAPE
Consequences of Rape (Psych & Law)
Rape Trauma Syndrome
Describe effects of rape
Interviews with F
30 minutes & 1 month
ACUTE PHASE LONG TERM
Few days-weeks Few months-?
Fear, anxiety, self- Phobias, sexual
blame, dis-trust, self- problems, depression,
doubt lifestyle changes
Denial, disrupted PTSD
patterns
Cognitive &
physiological
symptoms
RAPE
Rape Shield Laws
1985
A victim’s prior sexual history cannot be
introduced in court
Amended in 1992>> Judge’s discretion
RTS & PSYCHOLOGY & THE
LAW
What can a Psychologist do?
When a victim becomes a witness in a
criminal trial
Assessement of survivior’s claims and
respomses
Expert witness ; RTSAmended in 1992>>
Judge’s discretion
RTS & PSYCHOLOGY & THE
LAW
What can a Psychologist do?
ASESSMENT
Follingstad (1994) identified activites for
psychologist in assessment process
functioning before & after sexual assult
changes in identiy, self-esttem, decision
making
development of phobias
social adjustment, sexual functioning, coping
interview others
previous sexaul assults
RTS & PSYCHOLOGY & THE
LAW
What can a Psychologist do?
EXPERT WITNESS
Paedophile adult
Theory of Child Molestation
Marshal & Barbaree (1990)
Integrated Model
Males do not learn to
inhibit sexually aggressive
behavior
Due to childhood abuse/
dysfunctional families
Society accepts negative
attitudes towards women
SEXUAL OFFENDERS &
TREATEMENT
Offenders
Deniers vs Admitters
• Empathy training
• Social skills training
• Substance abuse programs
• Aversion therapy
• Relapse prevention
Offenders
• Treatment (effectiveness)
• Differing views
• Difficult to study
• No treatment>>higher recidivism rates
• CBT more effective
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Violence between family members
Often in private
Historically accepted >> until 1980’s