4G-Wireless Networks: Prepared By: Parth Lathigara (07bec037) Krishna Mevavala (07bec047)
4G-Wireless Networks: Prepared By: Parth Lathigara (07bec037) Krishna Mevavala (07bec047)
4G-Wireless Networks: Prepared By: Parth Lathigara (07bec037) Krishna Mevavala (07bec047)
PREPARED BY:
PARTH LATHIGARA(07BEC037)
KRISHNA MEVAVALA(07BEC047)
GUIDED BY:
DR D.K.KOTHARI
• Evolution of Wireless Networks:
2
REVOLU
REVOLU
TION
TION in in
Wireless
Wireless
Communic
Communic
ation
ation
First
First
impleme
impleme
nted In
nted In
1980’s
1980’s
Mobility
Mobility
In
In Tele
Tele
Commu
Commu
nication
nication
3
• Limitations:
Subscriber Capacity
Security
Spectrum Utilization
Infrastructure Changes
4
Revolutio
Revolutio
nary
nary Step
Step
Toward
Toward
DIGITAL
DIGITAL
Implem
Implem
ented
ented in
in
1990’s
1990’s
Many
Many
advantag
advantag
es Over
es Over
1G
1G
Still
Still in
in
Market
Market
5
• Enhancement Over 1G:
Increased“capacity”
Reduced capital “cost”
Reduced Cellular “Fraud”
Improved Features
SMS
Voice & Data Transmission
6
First
First
Impleme
Impleme
nted in
nted in
2000
2000
Provides
Provides
higher
higher
data
data
rates
rates
Offers
Offers
always-on
always-on
internet
internet
and e-mail
and e-mail
Typical
Typical
ly uses
ly uses
GPRS
GPRS
Bridge
Bridge
between
between
22 G
G&& 33
G
G
7
• Enhancement Over 2G:
High speed packet-data service(144.4kbps)
8
`
Consisting
Consisting
of Packet
of Packet
Data
Data
Devices
Devices
Higher
Higher
Speed
Speed
than
than 2.5G
2.5G
& 2.75G
& 2.75G
Video
Video
Confer
Confer
encing
encing
Internet
Internet
Streami
Streami
ng
ng
10
• Standards:-
UMTS:
High data rate-up to 2Mbps
TD-CDMA:
Deliver information directly to users
and provide them with access to new Combination of
and innovative services &
applications. TDMA,CDMA
Provides personal communication to
mass market regardless of location, & FDMA.
network & terminal used.
Requires, 5Mhz Bandwidth
Multi-media
Multi-environment Supports
Multi-operators- Virtual operators
asymmetric
11 traffic such as IP
• Enhancement Over 2.5G:
Global Standard
Compatibility within different networks
High quality
Worldwide common frequency band
Worldwide roaming capability
Multimedia applications
High speed packet data rates
2Mbps for “Fixed”
384 Kbps for “Pedestrian”
144 Kbps for “Vehicle”
12
14
• Objectives:
High network capacity : more simultaneous users per cell,
A data rate of at least 100 Mbps between any two points in
the world,
Smooth Handoff across heterogeneous network
Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple
networks,
High quality of service for next generation multimedia
support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video
content, mobile TV, etc),
Interoperability with existing wireless standards.
15
• Challenges To 4G:
To Provide lower Expenditure cost and
Capital Cost
To Support Wide variety of spectrum band
To Develop cost effective High
Performance Cell Site
To Provide more ‘’Bandwidth‘’ at backhaul
portion of network
To Support Voice over Internet Protocol
(VoIP) application
16
• Technologies:
New Base Station Technology
Advance Antenna design , integration
strategies & configuration
Novel Backhaul method
Advance DSP techniques
Solution for Multihop relay
17
• Conceptual View 4G:
18
Proposed Architecture of 4G:
19
• OFDM
Multi carrier
modulation
Divides Band B into
N subcarrier
Parallel bit streams
B/N Apart
Subcarrier sum up
before Transmission
Coding, Decoding
data through IP
20
• Smart Antennas-MIMO:
Smartness at both
transmitter & receiver
Employs SDMA
Multiple parallel
channels operating
simultaneously on
same Band of freq.
Combined with
adaptive Coding &
Decoding
21
• What is Wi-Fi?
WirelessFidelity
Any type of 802.11 network whether
802.11b,802.11a,802.11g,dual-band etc.
Uses RF to transmit Data through Air
22
23
• What is Wi-MAX?
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access,
Broadband wireless access(BWA) technique
Offers broadband connection over long distance
Any type of 802.16 network.
24
Wi-MAX Wi-Fi
WiMAX uses is a long range WiFi is limited to short range Cells
system, Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to
WiMAX uses licensed or provide access to a network.
unlicensed spectrum. Wi-Fi is more popular in end user
Wi-MAX is less interactive with devices.
end user devices. Wi-Fi has a QoS mechanism similar