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HKBK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

    DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BE - VIII-SEMESTER
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2020 – 2021

A Technical Seminar on,

Electromagnetic accident avoiding system

Presented by, Guided by,

VINAYAKA R MURTHY Prof. TAJUDDIN
YEZDANI
1HK17ME098

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CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Description of components
• Working of electromagnetic accident avoiding system
• Analysis
• Experimental hardware
• advantages

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INTRODUCTION
•Street setbacks in India butcher essentially 1.5 lakh people yearly. As such, India represents essentially 11% of
the disaster related passing in the World [1]. The State of Tamilnadu recorded the most essential number of street
accidents (63, 920) in 2018 alone. This state kept up its lead towards disasters in any case of the few road
prosperity exercises taken by both the Central and State Government. The incidents happened state shrewd in
India is appeared in outline 1.1. Among the accidents caused because of the few sorts of vehicles in the year
2018, the incidents because of jeep/van/taxi/truck/truck/transport alone records to around 43.2 % of complete
setbacks. Outline 1.2 addresses the
•setbacks happening by a few sorts of vehicles. The significant reason for this mishaps are because of a few
sorts of impact of one vehicle towards another vehicle.
•Since the primary car was delivered, there have been endless advancements in vehicle wellbeing gadgets.
These security gadgets are expected to shield us from each sort of injury that might actually happen coming
about because of a car collision. There are not many security types of gear like airbags, breaks, safety belts and
guards and so forth our thought manages the guard of a vehicle. A guard is a design connected to or
incorporated with the front and backsides of an engine vehicle, to retain sway in a minor crash, limiting fix
costs, shield walkers from injury. Guards offer security to other vehicle segments by scattering the dynamic
energy created by an effect.
•There are three kinds of a significant Collision:

•Case 1: Head on Collision.

•Case 2: Hit from Side
•Case 3: Hit from back 3 3
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DESCRIPTION title style
OF COMPONETS

1. ELECTROMAGNET
It involves a length of conductive wire ordinarily copper, injured over a touch of metal. A current stream is introduced either
from a battery or a connector and it courses through thewire. This makes an attractive field around the twisted wire also,
changes the metal to magnet. This gadget can be
charged when the force supply is on and can be demagnetized when it is off. In extra, the shafts of an electromagnet can be
altered by changing the bearing of current. In this framework, a 24V electromagnet is utilized for fascination and
repugnance reason.

2. PERMANENT MAGNET
A permanent magnet is a type of magnet which has its own magnetic properties, naturally.
It must not be kept in a high temperature because it loses its magnetic properties if it gets 4 4
heated. In this system, it is fixed to the piston rod.
3.TRANSFORMER
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•A Transformer is a static electrical gadget, with no moving parts, which changes electrical power beginning with one
circuit at that point onto the following with changes in voltage and stream and no change in recurrence. There are two kinds
of transformers in light of their ability:
 Step up Transformer
 Step down Transformer
•A Step up Transformer is a device which changes over the low essential voltage to a high auxiliary voltage. A Step down
Transformer is a device which changes the optional voltage not exactly the essential voltage. In this framework this
progression down transformer is utilized to change over the 240 V force supply to 24 V DC

4. ARDUINO
The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board subject to the microprocessor ATmega328P microcontroller, made
by Arduino.cc. It comprises of 14 advanced info/yield sticks out of these 6 pins are for PWM outputs. In this system it is
utilized to control the actuators dependent on the information signal feed by the sensors
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5. RELAY
A hand-off is an electromagnetic switch that is used to slaughter on also, off where a couple of circuits should be obliged by
one signal. It is used to control high voltage circuits with the help of low voltage signals. And furthermore they are used to
control high current circuits with the help of low current signs. Here, it is utilized to incite the chamber as for the control took
care of by the regulator

6. BATTERY
It is an electrical device which stores power in the form of substance energy. It contains at least one electrochemical cells with
external relationship to give power supply to the electronic gadgets. In this framework, a 12V 1.3Ah battery is utilized.
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7. LCD DISPLAY
A LCD is an electronic show module which uses liquid valuable crystal to convey an undeniable picture. The16×2 LCD
show is a fundamental module typically used in DIY's and circuits. Here, it is utilized to show the situation with the
identified deterrent.

8. PIR SENSOR
PIR sensors license you to identify development, quite often used to recognize whether a human has moved in or out of
the sensors. They are close to nothing, modest, low-power, easy to use furthermore, don't wear out. Subsequently, they are
for the most part found in machines and contraptions used in homes or associations.
They are every now and again alluded to as PIR, "Passive Infrared", "Pyroelectric", or "IR movement" sensors. PIR's are
on a very basic level made of a pyroelectric sensor, which can perceive levels of infrared radiation. Everything produces
some low - level radiation, and the more sultry something delivers more radiation. Here, it is utilized to check whether
the identified impediment is living thing or non - living thing 7 7
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9. ULTRASONIC SENSOR
Ultrasonic/level sensors estimate’s the distance by using ultrasonic waves. The sensor head transmits a ultrasonic wave also,
gets the wave reflected back from the item. ultrasonic/level sensors measure the distance to the item by assessing the time
between the emission and reception. It comprises of a transmitter and a recipient the transmitter emanates the ultrasonic
waves persistently and these waves are gotten by the receiver. Based on the time waves are transmitted furthermore, got this
sensor figure the distance between the obstruction and the sensor

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 WORKING
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WORKING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC CYLINDER

An electromagnetic chamber is an electrical actuator that is used to give a

bidirectional force through a bidirectional stroke. It comprises of a chamber
barrel, inside which an lasting magnet joined to the cylinder pole is permitted to
move in a direct movement. Where one finish of the chamber barrel is joined to
the backside cover. In this backside cover an electromagnet is fixed to draw in
and repulse the lasting magnet connected to the cylinder pole. On the other end
of the piston rod the bumper is fixed to move along with it. So that the
electromagnetic cylinder actuates when the current is passed.

WORKING OF OVERALL SYSTEM

At first the force supply of 240V is taken care of to the progression down
transformer which changes over it into 24V after this interaction the hand-off is
set in the middle of the actuator and the transformer to control the actuator
concerning the input given by the regulator. This regulator is associated with the
ultrasonic sensor which identifies the distance of the deterrent dependent on the
rule of doppler impact. At that point the sign is passed on to the PIR sensor to
identify the nature of the obstacle. And the transfer is turned here and there
relying on the criticism given by the sensor. Corresponding to this a LCD shows
the status of the distinguished hindrance. 9
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addresses the general working of this framework, that is the sensor detects the info given and feed the sign to regulator to
impel the actuator. At first the guard joined to the cylinder pole is in the removed position. In the occasion,
that the ultrasonic sensor recognizes any deterrent before the vehicle it will rapidly confer the sign to the regulator to check
whether the perceived snag is something living or a non-living thing. If the recognized deterrent is something living, by
then, the actuator doesn't incite. If the perceived hindrance is a non-living thing, by then, the actuator starts to incite. With
the help of this system, the gatekeeper of the vehicle alone pushes ahead to withstand the force that will be had while the
effect occurs.
Power supply
(240v)

Ultra sonic
Transformer PIR sensor
sensor

Relay MICRO CONTROLLER

(12v DC) (ARDUINO UNO)

Electromagneti Battery 1010

c cylinder LCD display (12v 1.5AH)
 ANALYSIS
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ANALYSIS OF CAR BUMPER DURING COLLISION OF WALL
The simulated values of deformation, total deformation, stresses and strains of a bumper moving
and then hit a wall. The experimental results were recorded and shown below

1. Directional deformation

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2. Total deformation 4. Equivalent strain

3. Equivalent Stress

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 ANALYSIS OF CAR BUMPER DURING COLLISION OF ANOTHER FIXED BUMPER
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The simulated values of deformation, total deformation, stresses and strains of a bumper moving
and then hit a fixed bumper. The experimental results were

1. Directional deformation

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2. Total deformation
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3. Equivalent Stress

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title style hardware

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Advantages

• It absorbs high impact force/collision

• Prevents damage of vehicles
• Prevents accidents

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“ Thank you

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