Retaining Walls: Shivang Kumar BMCT-V A51204018005
Retaining Walls: Shivang Kumar BMCT-V A51204018005
Retaining Walls: Shivang Kumar BMCT-V A51204018005
Shivang Kumar
BMCT-V
A51204018005
Content
Introduction
Components
Loads on a Retaining Wall
Applications
Stability
Types
Pros and Cons
Failures
Links
Introduction
Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting soil laterally
so that it can be retained at different levels on the two sides.
Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to a slope that it
would not naturally keep to (typically a steep, near-vertical or vertical
slope).
They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in
areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areas where the
landscape needs to be shaped severely and engineered for more specific
purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses.
Components
Stem- Vertical member holding the backfill.
Toe slab- Portion of the footing at the front of the wall
Heel slab- Portion of the footing at the
backfill side
Counter forts-Counterfeits are provided
with retaining walls if the earth
pressure exerted by the backfill
material tends to overturn the stem of
the retaining wall.
Shear key- Projects down under the
footing
Loads on a Retaining Wall
Major loads that act on retaining walls are as follows:
Sliding – The backfill exerts a lateral pressure against the wall. This
sliding force is resisted by the friction between the underlying soil and
the footing, and by the passive pressure at the front of the wall. When
more sliding resistance is required, a shear key may be provided. The
factor of safety against sliding equals the resisting force divided by the
driving force, and the minimum value should be 1.50.
Stability
Overturning- Overturning failure is a result of excessive
lateral earth pressures with relation to retaining wall
resistance thereby causing the retaining wall system to
topple or rotate (overturn)
Form Work-
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpQBBTxuRtw
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bRTXuJZKq8