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Line Following Robot: - Presented by Ansh Kariwal (2K20/B12/06) Aryan Dutt (2K20/B12/27)

The document describes a line following robot that uses infrared sensors and an Arduino Uno microcontroller to autonomously follow a black line on a contrasting surface. The robot uses two IR sensors to detect the line and sends signals to a motor driver and DC gear motors to control the robot's movement and keep it on the line. The Arduino processes the sensor input to determine the appropriate motor speeds and steering to guide the robot along the path smoothly using feedback from the sensors. The hardware components and basic working of using sensor input for motor control to follow a line are explained.

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Gorilla WebDev
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45 views12 pages

Line Following Robot: - Presented by Ansh Kariwal (2K20/B12/06) Aryan Dutt (2K20/B12/27)

The document describes a line following robot that uses infrared sensors and an Arduino Uno microcontroller to autonomously follow a black line on a contrasting surface. The robot uses two IR sensors to detect the line and sends signals to a motor driver and DC gear motors to control the robot's movement and keep it on the line. The Arduino processes the sensor input to determine the appropriate motor speeds and steering to guide the robot along the path smoothly using feedback from the sensors. The hardware components and basic working of using sensor input for motor control to follow a line are explained.

Uploaded by

Gorilla WebDev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Line Following Robot

-Presented by
Ansh Kariwal (2K20/B12/06)
Aryan Dutt (2K20/B12/27)
Introduction
• Line Following is one of the most important aspects of robotics. It is an
autonomous robot which is able to follow a black line that is drawn on the
surface consisting of a contrasting color. It is designed to move
automatically and follow the line.
• The robot is driven by DC gear motors to control the movement of the
wheels.
• The Arduino Uno interface is used to perform and implement algorithms to
control the speed of the motors, steering the robot to travel along the line
smoothly.
• The objective is to maneuver the robot to stay on course, while constantly
correcting wrong moves using feedback from the sensor which forms a
simple yet effective system.
Hardware
->IR Sensors
• The robot uses photodiode sensors to sense the
lines.
• We will be using two IR sensors for this
project.
• The IR sensor has 1 IR LED emitter and the
other one is the receiver(photodiode sensor).
• An analog signal is obtained in the output and
depends on the amount of light reflected back.
• Which is provided to the comparator to
produce 0’s and 1’s which are then given as
output.
Hardware
->Arduino Uno
• Arduino is an open-source computer
hardware and software company
which designs programmable
microcontrollers.
• Heart of Arduino Uno is a
microcontroller (ATmega328).
• Uno has 14 digital I/O pins (6 PWM)
& 6 analog I/O pins.
• The input voltage of Uno is 7 – 12 V.
Hardware
->Motor Driver (L298N)
• It is used for driving DC or stepper
motor.
• It consists of an L298 motor driver IC
and a 78M05 5V regulator.
• Motor driver has H-bridge for control
the direction of motor.
• Speed control is also possible with
L298N driver, all we need is to feed
PWM signals to the motor enable
pins.
Hardware
->DC gear motor
• A gear motor is an all-in-one combination
of a motor and gearbox.
• DC motors are most easy for controlling. 
• One DC motor has two signals for its
operation. Reversing the polarity of the power
supply across it can change the direction
required.
• Speed can be varied by varying the voltage
across the motor.
Working
• IR sensors will constantly be emitting and receiving light and the output will
simultaneously be delivered to the Arduino.
• Depending upon the input (which sensor is detecting the line and which one is
not) Arduino will send the appropriate signal to the motor driver.
• There will be four functions in the Arduino code.
• Now we will be explaining the four possible cases while the robot is working.
Circuit Diagram
Final Result
Final Result
THANK YOU

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