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    Basis of LIfe

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    Guillermo Chaves
    This document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things. It outlines that living things have vital functions like metabolism and can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic. It then delves into the biomolecules that make up living organisms - saccharides, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and inorganic molecules. The basic unit of life is the cell, and the document contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and functions. It also examines cellular nutrition, autotrophs versus heterotrophs, and the processes of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation.

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    Basis of LIfe

    Uploaded by

    Guillermo Chaves
    27 views44 pages
    This document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things. It outlines that living things have vital functions like metabolism and can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic. It then delves into the biomolecules that make up living organisms - saccharides, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and inorganic molecules. The basic unit of life is the cell, and the document contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and functions. It also examines cellular nutrition, autotrophs versus heterotrophs, and the processes of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation.

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    Basis of LIfe

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    This document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things. It outlines that living things have vital functions like metabolism and can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic. It then delves into the biomolecules that make up living organisms - saccharides, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and inorganic molecules. The basic unit of life is the cell, and the document contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and functions. It also examines cellular nutrition, autotrophs versus heterotrophs, and the processes of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views44 pages

    Basis of LIfe

    Uploaded by

    Guillermo Chaves
    This document discusses the key differences between living and non-living things. It outlines that living things have vital functions like metabolism and can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic. It then delves into the biomolecules that make up living organisms - saccharides, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and inorganic molecules. The basic unit of life is the cell, and the document contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and functions. It also examines cellular nutrition, autotrophs versus heterotrophs, and the processes of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 44

    Basis of Life

    Living Beings
    What is the difference between a living being and a non-
    living being?
    Living Beings
    What are the vital functions of living beings?
    What function?
    Heterotrophic
    Autotrophic
    Autotrophic: Organisms capable of transforming
    inorganic matter into organic matter.
    Heterotrophic: Organisms not capable of transforming
    inorganic matter into organic matter. They take
    organic matter from other organisms.
    What function?
    What function?
    What function?
    Example of Interacion: make clear what the stimulum,
    the receptor and the effector are.

    Page 9, activity 2.
    Biomolecules
    Saccharides – sugars -- Glucids
    Saccharides – sugars -- Glucids
    Monosaccharides:
    Glucose – source of energy
    Disaccharide: lactose and sucrose
    Lactose is the sugar found in milk
    Sucrose is the sugar we all know
    Polysaccharide: starch, glycogen, cellulose
     Starch is a carbohydrate used by plant as energy storage
     Glycogen is an energy storage in animals

     Cellulose is the material the plant´s cell wall is made.


    Polysaccharide: Cellulose
    Lipids
    Insoluble in water
    Lipids
    Fats/Oils - lipids that store energy.
    Lipids
    Waxes – lipids that are produced by animals and plants for
    protection.
    Lipids
    Phospholipids – make up cell membranes.
    Lipids
    Steroids – some of them can act as hormones.
    Proteins
    Macromolecules with complex structures, made up
    of chains of smaller molecules called Amino Acids.
    The order of the amino acids determines the structure
    and function of the protein.
    Protein

    functions
    Structure for cells:
     Collagen – provides structure for skin and bones
     Keratin – structure for hair
    Protein functions
    Transport substances around body:
     Haemoglobin protein in red blood cells that carries O2
    Regulate chemical reactions
     Enzymes
    Protein functions
    Protection from microorganisms (bacteria)
     Antibodies
    Nucleic Acids
    Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
    Made of smaller molecules called Nucleotides
    They are the genetic material of living things

    RNA
    DNA
    DNA •DNA stores all genetic
    information – the
    information necessary
    for development and
    functioning of living
    things.

    •Found in the cell


    nucleus.

    •Has two strands.


    RNA
    Uses the information from DNA to create proteins.
    RNA is present in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of a
    cell.
    Page 11, activity 8.
    Inorganic biomolecules
    Not exclusive to living beings, but essential for life.
    What are examples?
    Water
    Mineral Salts
    Living Beings
    What is the basic unit of live?
    Prokarotic Cells
    Eukaryotic Cells
    Picture of a cell:
    Draw all the organelles
    Write down the function of each one.
    4 groups: everyone has to participate.
    Next class you will have to explain it.
    Eukaryotic Cells
    Cellular nutrition
    Cells obtain matter and energy to perform vital
    functions:

    NutrientsCellular metabolism Vital functions


    Cellular nutrition
    Page 13, activity 11.
    Autotrophs
    Autotrophs – ???????

    Photosynthesis – energy from sunlight.


     Who has chloroplasts?

    Chemosynthesis – energy from chemical reactions.


     Some bacteria (Chemoautotrophs)
    Heterotrophs
    Heterotrophic nutrition – ??????

     Takes place in cells of animals, fungi, protozoa and many


    bacteria.
    Heterotrophs or Autotrophs??
    Photosynthesis
    Cellular Respiration
    Fermentation
    Homework
    Page 14, activity 14
    Page 15, acttivities 15 and 16

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