GENERAL FEATURES OF MUSCLE TISSUE

THE BODY HAS MORE OR LESS 600 MUSCLES. THEY COMPOSE

T H E Y A R E R E S P O N S I B L E F O R A L L M O V E M E N T S 5 H AT T H E
B O D Y P E R F O R M S , W H E T H E R C O N S C I O U S LY O R
U N C O N S C I O U S LY.
 WHAT ARE MUSCLES?
MUSCLES ARE BUNDLES OF FIBERS OR CONTRACTILE TISSUES
T H AT C A N C O N T R O L A N D E X PA N D T O P R O D U C E D M O V E M E N T S ,
D I G E S T I O N , C I R C U L A T I O N A N D B O D Y WA R M T H .
CHARACTERISTIC OF A MUSCLE TISSUE
I R R I TA B I L I T Y O R E X C I TA B I L I T Y I S T H E A B I L I T Y O F
MUSCLE TO RECEIVE AND RESPOND TO A STIMULI.
CHARACTERISTIC OF A MUSCLE TISSUE
C O N T R A C T I B I L I T Y I S T H E P R O P E RT Y T H AT E N A B L E S
M U S C L E S T O B E C O M E S H O RT E R A N D T H I C K E R .
CHARACTERISTIC OF A MUSCLE TISSUE
EXTENSIBILITY IS THE ABILITY TO STRETCH AND
BECOME LONG.
CHARACTERISTIC OF A MUSCLE TISSUE
E L A S T I C I T Y M E A N S T H AT T H E M U S C L E C A N R E A D I LY
RETURN TO ITS ORIGINAL SHAPE AND POSITION.
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
H T T P S : / / W W W. Y O U T U B E . C O M / WAT C H ?
V = S C Z N FAT W T P E & T = 4 3 S
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
A MUSCLE FIBER IS MADE UP OF SMALLER FIBERS CALLED MYOFIBRILS
WHICH ARE IN TURN MADE UP OF SMALLER MYOFILAMENTS.
T H E M Y O F I L A M E N T S M AY B E T H I C K O R T H I N .
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
T H I C K F I L A M E N T S A R E M A D E O F A P R O T E I N S U B S TA N C E M Y O S I N W H I L E
THIN FILAMENTS ARE MADE OF ACTIN.
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
EACH INDIVIDUAL MUSCLE FIBER IS SURROUNDED BY A CONNECTIVE
TISSUE CALLED ENDOMYSIUM.
M U S C L E F I B E R S A R E F U RT H E R G R O U P E D T O G E T H E R I N T O M U S C L E B U N D L E S
C A L L E D FA S C I C L E S .
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
E A C H FA S C I C L E S I S S U R R O U N D E D B Y A C O N N E C T I V E T I S S U E C A L L E D
P E R I M Y S I U M . B U N D L E S O R FA S C I C L E S A R E F U RT H E R G R O U P E D
T O G E T H E R T O M A K E U P O N E PA RT I C U L A R M U S C L E S U C H A S B I C E P S A N D
THE GLUTEUS. THIS IS SURROUNDED BY THE EPIMYSIUM.
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
E A C H M U S C L E , S U C H A S T H E B I C E P S , I S AT TA C H E D T O T H E B O N E S B Y
MEANS OF A CORDLIKE STRUCTURE CALLED TENDON, A MUSCLE HAS
T W O E N D S – T H E O R I G I N A N D T H E I N S E RT I O N .
 STRUCTURE OF A MUSCLE FIBER
T H E O R I G I N I S M O R E F I X E D AT TA C H M E N T A N D T H E I N S E R T I O N I S M O R E
O R L E S S M O VA B L E O N E .
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=W6K5TZFBFA4

1. S M O O T H M U S C L E S ( I N V O L U N TA R Y M U S C L E )
- THEY ARE FOUND IN THE INTERNAL ORGANS AND BLOOD VESSELS
- T H E Y A R E T H E L I N I N G S O F T H E D I G E S T I V E A N D R E P R O D U C T I V E T R A C T.
- T H E Y A R E U N S T R I AT E D .
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
1. S M O O T H M U S C L E S ( I N V O L U N TA R Y M U S C L E )
- THEY ARE SPINDLE-SHAPED
- CONTRACTIONS ARE SLOW AND PROLONGED.
- THEY ARE NOT UNDER CONSCIOUS CONTROL
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
1. S M O O T H M U S C L E S ( I N V O L U N TA R Y M U S C L E )
F U N C T I O N : T O S Q U E E Z E B Y E X E RT I N G P R E S S U R E O N T H E S PA C E I N S I D E
THE RUBE OR ORGAN IT SURROUNDS.
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
2 . S K E L E TA L M U S C L E S ( V O L U N TA R Y )
- T H E Y A R E S O C A L L E D B E C A U S E T H E Y A R E AT TA C H E D T O T H E B O N E S .
- T H E Y M A K E U P T H E L A R G E S T M A S S O F T H E B O D Y.
- THEY ARE STRAITED.
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
2 . S K E L E TA L M U S C L E S ( V O L U N TA R Y )
- C O N T R A C T I O N S A R E S H O RT A N D S T R O N G ,
- THEY ARE UNDER CONSCIOUS CONTROL.
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
2 . S K E L E TA L M U S C L E S ( V O L U N TA R Y )
FUNCTIONS: TO MOVE THE SKELETON
 TYPES OF MUSCLES
3. CARDIAC MUSCLE
- T H E Y A R E F O U N D I N T H E H E A RT
- THEY ARE INTERCONNECTED AND BRANCHED.
- T H E Y A R E I N V O L U N TA R Y, T H AT I S , T H E Y A R E N O T U N D E R C O N S C I O U S C O N T R O L
 ANOTHER WAY OF GROUPING MUSCLES
1. AGONIST OR PRIME MOVERS
- GIVE POWER FOR FLEXION
 ANOTHER WAY OF GROUPING MUSCLES
2 . A N TA G O N I S T
- CONTRIBUTE TO SMOOTH MOVEMENT
 ANOTHER WAY OF GROUPING MUSCLES
3 . F I X AT I O N M U S C L E S
- H O L D A R M S A N D S H O U L D E R S I N A S U I TA B L E P O S I T I O N F O R A C T I O N
 ANOTHER WAY OF GROUPING MUSCLES
4. SYNERGISTS
- A S S I S T A G O N I S T A N D R E M O V E U N N E C E S S A RY O R U N D E S I R A B L E A C T I O N .
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
1. FLEXOR
- D E C R E A S E T H AT A N G L E AT A J O I N T
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
2. EXTENSOR
- I N C R E A S E T H E A N G L E AT A J O I N T
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
3. ABDUCTOR
- M O V E S A B O N E AWAY F R O M T H E M I D L A N E
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
4. ADDUCTOR
- MOVES A BONE CLOSER TO THE MIDLINE
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
5 . L E VAT O R
- P R O D U C E S A N U P WA R D M O V E M E N T
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
6. DEPRESSOR
- P R O D U C E S A D O W N WA R D M O V E M E N T
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
7 . S U P I N AT O R
- T U R N S T H E PA L M U P WA R D .
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
8 . P R O N AT O R
- T U R N S T H E PA L M D O W N WA R D
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
9. SPHINCTER
- DECREASE THE SIZE OF AN OPENING
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
10. TENSOR
- M A K E S A B O D Y PA RT M O R E R I G I D
 PRINCIPAL ACTIONS OF MUSCLE
11 . R O TAT O R
- MOVES A BONE AROUND ITS LONGITUDINAL AXIS.
FOR YOUR MEMORY BANK
- M U S C L E S A R E C O N T R A C T I L E T I S S U E S TAT P R O D U C E M O T I O N .
- I R R I TA B I L I T Y I S T H E A B I L I T Y O F M U S C L E S T O R E C E I V E A N D R E S P O N D T O
STIMULI
- C O N T R A C T I B I L I T Y I S T H E P R O P E RT Y O F T H E M U S C L E T O S T R E T C H A N D
BECOME LONG.
- ELASTICITY ENABLES THE MUSCLE T RETURN TO ITS ORIGINAL POSITION
R E A D I LY.
- MUSCLE FIBERS ARE MADE UP OOF SMALLER FIBERS CALLED MYOFIBRILS
WHICH ARE IN TURN MADE UP OF SMALLER MYOFILAMENTS.
- M Y O S I N I S A P R O T E I N S U B S TA N C E T H AT M A K E S U P T H I C K M Y O F I L A M E N T S
- A C T I N I S A P R O T E I N S U B S TA N C E T H AT M A K E S U P T H I N M Y O F I L A M E N T S
- TENDONS ARE CORDLIKE S T R U C T U R E S TAT AT TA C H M U S C L E S T O B O N E S .
- O R I G I N I S O N E E N D O F T H E M U S C L E T H AT I S M O R E O R L E S S F I X E D
AT TA C H M E N T O F A M U S C L E T O T H E B O N E , W H I L E T H E O T H E R E N D , T H E
I N S E R T I O N , I S T H E M O R E M O VA B L E AT TA C H M E N T.
FOR YOUR MEMORY BANK
- T H E T H R E E T Y P E S O F M U S C L E S A R E S M O O T H M U S C L E , S K E L E TA L
MUSCLE, CARDIAC MUSCLE
- ENDOMYSIUM IS THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE SURROUNDING EACH
INDIVIDUAL MUSCLE FIBER.
- A G R O U P O F M U S C L E F I B E R I S C A L L E D FA S C I C L E
- A FA S C I C L E I S S U R R O U N D E D B Y A C O N N E C T I V E T I S S U E C A L L E D
PERIMYSIUM
- FA S C I C L E S A R E G R O U P E D T O G E T H E R T O M A K E U P O N E A RT I C U L A R
MUSCLE, SUCH AS BICEPS. THESE ARE SURROUNDED BY THE
EPIMYSIUM.