VITAMINS - Stom
VITAMINS - Stom
VITAMINS - Stom
vit B4 - cholin
vit B8 - inozitol
vit B13 - orotic acid
vit B15 - calcium pangamat
vit N – thiocthic acid
vit U - methilmetioninsulfoniu
vit H1 - paraaminobenzoic acid
Clasification the vitamines according to
solubility
Causes
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Strucura şi functia
IV. Disturbances of vitamines
pharmacokinetics
Decreases absorbtion:
- gastrectomy (B12);
- Removal of gut, pathology of pancreas, bile duct, that manifest with
steatorhoee şi and diminish absorbtion of fat- soluble vitamines A,
E, D, K;
- enteropathy, chronic diarrhoe with insufficiency preponderently a
water- soluble vitamines (B, C);
- Treatment with drugs that disturb absorbtion of vitamines ( ex:
vazeline oil (A, D), contraceptives, anticonvulsants (folat);
B. Distribution disregulation :
- Disturbances of vitamines transport or în case hypoproteinemie (A)
in liver disease;
C. Disturbances or metabolism insuficiency
- boala Paget;
- osteoporosis postmenopauzal;
- osteoporosis in old people;
- osteoporosis dupăafter corticosteroids;
- osteoporosis with pain;
- situations de hipocalciemie (hiperparatiroidism,
hipercalciemia în carcinomul mamar, pulmonar,
rinichi, mielom);
- acută pancreatitis (adjuvant);
- osteoporoza posttraumatics, afecţiuni neurotrofe
provocate by drugs);
Bisphosphonates
• structurally mimic endogenous pyrophosphate, which
inhibits precipitation and dissolution of bone minerals.
• They retard bone resorption by osteoclasts and, in part,
also decrease bone mineralization.
Indications include: tumor osteolysis,
hypercalcemia, and Paget’s disease.
• Clinical trials with etidronate, administered as an
intermittent regimen, have yielded favorable results in
osteoporosis.
• With the newer drugs clodronate, pamidronate, and
alendronate, inhibition of osteoclasts predominates; a
continuous regimen would thus appear to be feasible.
• .
• Bisphosphonates irritate esophageal and
gastric mucuosa membranes; tablets
should be swallowed with a reasonable
amount of water (250 mL) and the patient
should keep in an upright position
• for 30 min following drug intake
Farmacocinetica Bifosfonaţilor: