Microbiological Perspective of Common Skin Rashes: A Seminar Presentation BY Oluwamuyiwa Boluwatife Yinka (HSLT-20-0109)

MICROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF
COMMON SKIN RASHES
SEMINAR PRESENTATION
BY
OLUWAMUYIWA BOLUWATIFE YINKA
(HSLT-20-0109)
1
INTRODUCTION
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, with an

average surface area of 30 m2 in adults (Gallo, 2017). As
the outer layer of the body with a thickness of 2–3 mm it
functions as both a physical barrier, protecting its
interior against the negative influence of various
environmental factors, and an immunological barrier,
reducing the effects of injuries and infections.
2
INTRODUCTION CONTD.
• In addition to its protective role, the skin is also
responsible for thermoregulation processes,
preventing water loss from the body, enabling
temperature sensations, and supporting vitamin
D synthesis (Grice and Segre, 2011).
• One factor that determines good skin
functioning, is a properly working skin
microbiome. This complex set of
microorganisms consists of bacteria, fungi,
viruses, micro-eukaryotes (mites), archaea, and
phages.
The intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the skin microbiome.
COMMON SKIN PROBLEMS
There are more than a thousand conditions that may
affect the skin but most skin diseases can be categorized
into nine common types (Proksch et al., 2008).
• Rashes
• Viral infections
• Bacterial infections
• Fungal infections
• Parasitic infections
• Pigmentation disorders
• Tumors and cancers
• Trauma
CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT OF SKIN
DISEASES
The common medications for topical use include
(Madison, 2003);
• Antibacterials: These medicines, like bactroban or
cleocin, are often used to treat or prevent infection
• Anthralin (drithocreme, micanol and others):
Although not often used, these help to reduce
inflammation and can help treat psoriasis
• Antifungal agents: Lamisil, lotrimin and nizoral are few
examples of common topical antifungal drugs used to
treat skin conditions such as ringworm and athlete's foot.
CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT
CONTD.
• Benzoyl peroxide: Creams and other products
containing benzoyl peroxide are used to treat acne
• Coal tar: Coal tar is used to treat conditions including
seborrheic dermatitis (usually in shampoos) or psoriasis.
• Corticosteroids: These are used to treat skin conditions
including eczema and come in many forms including
foams, lotions, ointments and creams
• Retinoids: These medications (such as retin-A and
tazorac) are gels or creams derived from vitamin A and
are used to treat conditions including acne
• Salicylic acid: This medication is available in the form
of lotions, gels, soaps, shampoos and patches.
ORAL TREATMENTS FOR SKIN
CONDITIONS
• Antibiotics: Oral antibiotics like erythromycin,
tetracycline and dicloxacillin are used to treat
many skin conditions
• Antifungal agents: Common oral antifungal
drugs such as ketoconaole and diflucan can be
used to treat more severe fungal infections
• Antiviral agents: Common antiviral agents
include valtrex, acyclovir and famavir. Antiviral
treatments are used for skin conditions
including those related to herpes
ORAL TREATMENTS CONTD.
• Corticosteroids: These medications, including prednisone can be
helpful in treating skin conditions linked to autoimmune diseases
including vasculitis and inflammatory diseases such as eczema and
psoriasis.
• Immunosuppressants: Immunosuppressants, such as azathioprine and
methotrexate, can be used to treat conditions including severe cases of
psoriasis and eczema
• Biologics: These new therapies are the latest methods being utilized to
treat psoriasis and other conditions. Examples of biologics include
enbrel, humira, remicade, stelara and amevive.

CONCLUSION
Herbals have great potential to cure different kinds of skin
diseases. More than 80% of people in India depend on
traditional health care and use different plant based products
for curing skin related problems. Compared with the
conventional allopathic drugs, they have relatively low cost and
can be of great benefit to the population of Nigeria in general
and poor people in particular.
Herbals are a rich source of active ingredients and can be safer

and cost effective treatment for skin diseases ranging from
rashes to dreadful skin cancer.
REFERENCES
• Grice, E.A.; Segre, J.A. The skin microbiome.
Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2011, 9, 244–253. [CrossRef
] [PubMed] 3.Cundell, A.M. Microbial Ecology
of the Human Skin.Microb. Ecol. 2018, 76, 113–
120. [CrossRef] 4.Malinowska, M.; Tokarz-
Deptuła, B.; Deptuła, W. Mikrobiom
człowieka.Post. Mikrobiol. 2017, 56, 33–42.
• Manrique, P.; Bolduc, B.; Walk, S.T.; van der
Oost, J.; de Vos, W.M.; Young, M.J. Healthy
human gut phageome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
2016, 113, 10400–10405. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
THANKS
FOR
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MICROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF

COMMON SKIN RASHES

The skin is the largest organ of the human body, with an

helpful in treating skin conditions linked to autoimmune diseases

including vasculitis and inflammatory diseases such as eczema and

• Immunosuppressants: Immunosuppressants, such as azathioprine and

methotrexate, can be used to treat conditions including severe cases of

psoriasis and eczema

treat psoriasis and other conditions. Examples of biologics include

enbrel, humira, remicade, stelara and amevive.

Herbals are a rich source of active ingredients and can be safer

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