Scada Lectuer Note1
Scada Lectuer Note1
Scada Lectuer Note1
• SCADA
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
• 3. SCADA applied to process control systems
Introduction to SCADA
• Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a system of hardware
components and software application programs used for process control and to
transfer data in real time from remote locations to control equipment and
conditions.
• Applications of SCADA systems in power plants, telecommunications,
transportation, and water and waste control, and so on.
• SCADA hardware gathers and feeds data into a computer that has SCADA
software installed.
• The computer then processes this data according to customer specifications and
displays it on customized screens. These systems allow operators to control
equipment from a central location and provide warnings (graphically on screens
and with audible alarms) when conditions become hazardous.
The Four Generations of SCADA
• FirstArchitectures
Generation - Monolithic - The original SCADA system was created
during a time where networks did not exist. These first systems were not
designed to connect to other systems. Wide Area Networks (WANs)
communicated with remote terminal units (RTUs). Redundancy was achieved
by the connection of a back-up mainframe to all the RTUs.
• Second Generation - Distributed - The second generation of SCADA
was able to take advantage of LAN and were smaller and cheaper than
its predecessor. In almost real-time, information was shared across
stations that each had their own tasks. Distribution increased the
processing power and redundancy of the system.
• Third Generation - Networked - Communication over WANs and
utilizing PLCs for monitoring, this generation is much like the 2nd
generation. However, it is able to connect to the internet and third-
party peripherals.
• Fourth Generation - Internet of Things (IoT) - Combining SCADA with
the cloud, IoT provides SCADA systems with an alternative to PLCs and the
use of data modeling and complex algorithms.
• Apart of nearly every industry, SCADA is one of the vital technologies for
automation.
• Human errors are reduced and virtually eliminated. With the coming fourth
generation, the capacity to share massive amounts of data with wireless
technology is bringing new possibilities of cost reduction and reliability to
industries
ELEMENTS OF SCADA SYSTEM