Chapter 10

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CHAPTER:10

MEASURING
OUTCOMES OF BRAND
EQUITY: CAPTURING
MARKET
PERFORMANCE

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Comparative Methods

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Brand-Based Comparative Approaches

 Competitive brands used as benchmarks by


consumers
 Example: Category leader or some other brand that
consumers feel is representative of the category, like
their most preferred brand

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Marketing-Based Comparative Approaches

 Hold the brand fixed and examine consumer


response based on changes in the marketing
program

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Conjoint Analysis
 Survey-based multivariate technique that enables
marketers to profile the consumer decision process
with respect to products and brands
 Part worth: The value consumers attach to each
attribute level, as statistically derived by the conjoint
formula

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Holistic Methods

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Residual Approaches

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Valuation Approaches

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Simon and Sullivan’s Brand Equity
Value
1. The value of the intangibles are calculated by subtracting the replacement cost of the
tangible assets from the market value (market capitalization plus the market value of
debt and other securities) of the firm.
2. 2. The value of the intangible assets are broken down into three components, namely
brand equity, value of non brand factors that reduce the firm costs such as R&D and
patents, and finally industry wide factors that permit super normal profits (eg
regulations).
3. 3. The brand equity component is further broken down into two components, namely a
demand-enhancing component and a component that caters for diminished marketing
spend due to the brand being established.
4. The demand-enhancing component is calculated using increased market share. Market
share is broken down into two components, one for the brand and the other for non-
brand factors. The non-brand market share is the factor of company's share of patents
and research and development (R&D) share. The market share attributable to the brand
is a function of the order of entry and the relative advertising share.
5. The reduced marketing costs are a factor of order of market entry and the brand's
advertising expenditure relative to that of its competitors.
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Interbrand Valuation Method

Interbrand Brand Valuation Method is a brand valuation methodology consisting of 3


steps:
1.FINANCIAL ANALYSIS. At the first stage, the cash flow which is generated by all
intangible assets is predicted. This is conducted through identifying the revenues from
products or services that are generated with the brand after deducting applicable taxes,
minus a charge for the capital employed to generate the brand's revenue and margins.
2.CALCULATE THE ROLE OF BRAND. The earnings that are specifically attributable to
the brand are identified.
3.CALCULATE BRAND STRENGTH. The ability of the brand to create loyalty and,
therefore, sustainable demand and profit into the future is calculated.

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To Sum Up..
 Brand valuation and the “brands on the balance
sheet” debate are controversial subjects
 Limitations of valuation approaches
 Require much judgmental data and thus contain much
subjectivity
 Intangible assets are not always synonymous with brand
equity
 Methods sometimes defy common sense
 Strength of the brand measures may be confounded
with the strength of the company

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Figure 10.2 - Product Profiles for Conjoint
Analysis Application

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Figure 10.2 - Product Profiles for Conjoint
Analysis Application

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Guidelines for Creating and Measuring ROI
from Brand Marketing Activities

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To Sum Up..
 Single measures of brand equity provide at best a
one- or two-dimensional view of a brand
 No single number or measure fully captures brand
equity
 There are many different sources of, and outcomes
from, brand equity, depending on the marketers’
skill and ingenuity

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