Introduction Public Health

INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH
Instructor: Mr. Hassan Kafi Abdikadir

MSc Health Care Organization management
Nicosia –Cyprus
Introduction To Public Health
1. Public Health Definition and Key Terms
3. A Public Health Approach
4. Core Functions and Essential Services of
Public Health
5. Stakeholder Roles in Public Health
6. Determining and Influencing the Public’s
Health
Learning Objectives
After this course, you will be able to
• Describe the purpose of public health
• Define key terms used in public health
• Recognize the core public health functions and
services
• Describe the role of different stakeholders in the
field of public health
• List some determinants of health
• Recognize how individual determinants of health
affect population health
Public Health Definition and
Key Terms
• Public Health Defined:- “The science
and art of preventing disease,
prolonging life, and promoting health
through the organized efforts and
informed choices of society,
organizations, public and private
communities, and individuals.”
— Winslow
Generally Mission and vision of Public
Health
Vision:
• Healthy People in Healthy Communities
Mission:
• Promote Physical and Mental Health and
Prevent Disease, Injury and Disability.
The Mission of Public Health
• “Fulfilling society’s interest in assuring
conditions in which people can be healthy.”
—Institute of Medicine
• “Public health aims to provide maximum
benefit for the largest number of people.”
—World Health Organization
Public Health Key Terms
• Clinical care: prevention, treatment, and management of
illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being
through the services offered by medical and allied health
professions; also known as health care.
• Epidemic or outbreak: occurrence in a community or region of
cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other
health-related event clearly in excess of normal expectancy.
• Both terms are used interchangeably; however, epidemic
usually refers to a larger geographic distribution of illness or
health-related events.
• Health outcome: result of a medical condition that directly
affects the length or quality of a person’s life.
Goals of Public Health
1. Prevents epidemics and the spread of disease
2. Protects against environmental hazards
3. Prevents injuries
4. Promotes and encourages healthy behaviors
5. Responds to disasters and assists
communities in recovery
6. Assures the quality and accessibility of health
services
The Three Core Functions of Public Health
1. Assessment
2. Policy development
3. Assurance
Three Core Functions of Public Health
• Assessment :- Systematically collect, analyze,

and make available information on healthy
communities.
• Policy Development :- Promote the use of a
scientific knowledge base in policy and
decision making.
• Assurance :- Ensure provision of services to
those in need.
Core Functions of Public Health
• Assessment constitutes the diagnostic function, in which
a public health agency collects, analyzes and makes
available information on the health of the population.
• Policy development , like a doctor’s development of a
treatment plan for a sick patient, involves the use of
scientific knowledge to develop a strategic approach to
improving the community’s health.
• Assurance is equivalent to the doctor’s actual treatment
of the patient. Public health has the responsibility of
assuring that the services needed for the protection of
public health in the community are available and
accessible to everyone.
Core Functions at Government Levels
Assessment Policy Development Assurance
Federal
National tobacco
Smoking ban on Federal grants for antismoking
public health
commercial flights research
surveillance
State
Monitor state tobacco Funding for campaign through

Increase tobacco tax
use Proposition
Core Functions at Government Levels
Assessment Policy Development Assurance
Local
Report on local County laws prohibiting Resources to help smokers
tobacco use smoking in bars quit in multiple languages
Partners in Public Health
Media
• Vehicle for public transportation
• Health education and promotion
• Health communication
• Social media as catalyst
Employers and Businesses
• Employer-sponsored health insurance
programs
• Wellness initiatives and benefits
• Healthy workplaces and communities
Government Agencies
• City planning
• Education
• Health in all policies
Academia
• Education
• Training
• Research
• Public Service
Ten Essential Public Health Services
1. Monitor Health
2. Diagnose and Investigate
3. Inform, Educate, Empower
4. Mobilize Community Partnership
5. Develop Policies
6. Enforce Laws
7. Link to/Provide Care
8. Assure a Competent Workforce
9. Evaluate
10. Research
1. Monitor health status to identify community health
problems
2. Diagnose and investigate health problems and
health hazards in the community
3. Inform, educate, and empower people about health
issues
4. Mobilize community partnerships to identify and
solve health problems
5. Develop policies and plans that support individual
and community health efforts
6. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health
and ensure safety
7. Link people with needed personal health services
and assure the provision of health care
8. Assure a competent public health and personal
health care workforce
9. Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of
personal and population based health services
10. Research for new insights and innovative
solutions to health problems
Basic Six Services of Local Public Health
1. Vital statistics—collection and interpretation.

2. Sanitation.
3. Communicable disease control, including
immunization
4. Maternal and child health (MCH)
5. Health education
6. Laboratory services to physicians.
Stakeholders in the field of public health
• Government
• Public
• Providers
• Hospital Administrators
• Non- Governmental Organizations
• Health Insurance
Determinants of health
• Biological Determinants
• Behavioral and Socio-Cultural Condition
• Environmental Socio-Economic conditions
• Health Service
• Aging of Population
• Gender
• Other Factors

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INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH

Instructor: Mr. Hassan Kafi Abdikadir

• Assessment :- Systematically collect, analyze,

Monitor state tobacco Funding for campaign through

1. Vital statistics—collection and interpretation.

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