Introduction To Essay
Introduction To Essay
Introduction To Essay
INTRODUCTION
True or False
1. An essay is a collection of paragraphs that presents facts, opinions or T
ideas. F
2. An essay can consists of 2 paragraphs.
F
3. The opening of an essay is called the topic sentence.
T
4. The opening of a paragraph is a topic sentence.
F
5. An essay doesn’t need a conclusion.
T
6. There should be 2-3 paragraphs in the body of an essay.
7. There are different
T kinds of essay: narrative, classification, cause-effect,
argumentative.
Essay Structure
Introduce the topic + thesis statement
Cheaper cost
Outline
University is far and high school graduates are reluctant to live far from
home.
Due to little experience, students find it difficult to live far from
home.
Outline
Educational benefits.
1. The hook
INTRODUCTION 2. Connecting information
3. Thesis statement
The Introduction
Analyze the following introduction.
1. What are the components?
2. How many paragraphs are there in the body?
3. What are the main idea of each paragraph?
Hook
Connecting
information
Thesis statement
THE HOOK
direct
indirect
Sample analysis
• Look at the introduction of 2 essays: page 26 and page 28.
Analyze the introductions using the following questions?
1. What is the hook? What kind of hook is it?
2. What is the thesis statement? Is it direct or indirect?
3. Can your rewrite the thesis statement in the alternative form?
Sample analysis
• No More Mandatory Retirement
1. A question
2. An observation/ a fact
HOOK 3. A shocking statistic Thesis 1. Direct
4. A quote statement 2. Indirect
5. A story (not advisable)
• Do handout 1
WRITING THE BODY
Writing the Body
- The body is the main part of an essay.
- It usually consists of 2 to 4 paragraphs.
- The organization of the body varies depending on the different
types of essays.
- Writers often make an outline before they start writing: general
outline and specific/detailed outline.
- Task: study the outlines for Essay 7 (p.27-29), page 30.
Activity 10: Make a general outline
Suggested answer
Activity 11: Make a detailed outline
Suggested answer
WRITING THE
CONCLUSION
Writing the conclusion
• The conclusion of an essay is the last paragraph.
• It signals the end of the essay and leave reader a clear understanding
of the main ideas of the essay.
• The conclusion normally contain 3 parts.
1. Restatement of thesis
CONCLUSION 2. Summary of the main ideas
3. Final comment: a suggestion or a prediction
Writing the conclusion
Analyze the two conclusion:
1. What is the restatement? 2. What are the main ideas?
3. What kind of final comment is it? 4. What words signals the end?
prediction
suggestion
Do handout 1
Conditional 1 (if)
should
Do handout 1
should
Future simple(will)
Do handout 1
should
Future simple(will)
UNIT 3
COMPARISON ESSAYS
1. Warm-up
Discuss the following questions
1. Who is your best friend?
2. What does he/she look like?
3. What is he/she like?
4. How are you similar to each other?
5. How are you different from each other?
2. COMPARISION ESSAY
- You compare two different things that are related in some
ways: 2 ideas, 2 people, 2 places……..
Asia
South America
“Finally, individualism is an important value
for both Brazilians and Americans.”
Brazilians can do what they want as long as they do not hurt others.
“Although Brazil and the United States are unique countries, there are
remarkable similarities in their size, ethnic groups, and personal values.”
3. Practice: Supporting sentences
Which one would you like to buy at the moment? Make comparison
Cost?
Cheap or expensive
Convenience?
Unportable or portable
2. Sonia went to work yesterday. She was not feeling well. ( although)
Although Sonia was not feeling well, she went to work yesterday.
3. Jamal spent all the afternoon chatting. He didn’t have time do his homework ( because)
Jamal didn’t have time to do his homework because he spent all the afternoon chatting.
4. Jawad read the instructions carefully. He wasn’t able to install the printer ( Although)
9. The show was postponed. There were some technical problems ( due to )
The show was postponed due to some technical problems.
10. Although Ann isn't very attractive, she is very popular. (However)
Ann isn’t very attractive. However, she is very popuar.
11. As well as being an excellent painter, she writes poems and plays the piano. (Moreover)
12. Many sportsmen are disqualified as a consequence of their illegal use of drugs.
(consequently)
13. Although he was an excellent student, he didn't get the grant. (Nevertheless)
14. I’ve told you this story because I don’t want you to forget the old days. (so that)
15. Many rivers have burst their banks because there has been a heavy rainfall. (because of)
UNIT 4
CAUSE-EFFECT ESSAYS
Cause-effect essays
• A cause-effect essay shows the relationship between something that
happens and its consequences.
• Cause: reasons for doing something
• Effect: consequences of
• 2 kinds:
Cause-effect essays
• Example:
1. What are the reasons for lying?
2. Why do people smoke? Focus-on-causes essays
Pinocchio
the boy who cried wolf
George Washington
Prediction
“One’s lies may one day be exposed and cause severe embarrassment
or the loss of people’s trust.”
Focus-on-effects essay
Discussion
1. What do you know about
the Soviet Union?
2. Can you name some countries that
were part of the Soviet Union?
Focus-on-effects essay
The Fall (page 94)
indirect
Koreans, Tartars, Uighurs. They do not feel“ native” in these “new” countries, but they do not
want to be repatriated to their ancestral homes.
The Fall (page 94)
fluctuations