CHAPTER 4 (I) : Field Effect Transistor (FET)
CHAPTER 4 (I) : Field Effect Transistor (FET)
CHAPTER 4 (I) : Field Effect Transistor (FET)
1
FET
FETs (Field-Effect Transistors) are much like BJTs (Bipolar Junction
Transistors).
Similarities:
• Amplifiers
• Switching devices
• Impedance matching circuits
Differences:
• FETs are voltage controlled devices whereas BJTs are current
controlled devices.
• FETs also have a higher input impedance, but BJTs have higher
gains.
• FETs are less sensitive to temperature variations and because of
their construction they are more easily integrated on ICs.
• FETs are also generally more static sensitive than BJTs.
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FET Types
3
JFET Construction
•n-channel
•p-channel
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JFET Operating Characteristics
VGS = 0, VDS increasing to some positive value
Three things happen when VGS = 0 and VDS is increased from 0 to a more
positive voltage
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JFET Operating Characteristics
VGS = 0, VDS increasing to some positive value: Saturation
• ID is at saturation or maximum.
It is referred to as IDSS.
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JFET Operating Characteristics
VGS < 0, VDS at some positive value
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JFET Operating Characteristics
VGS < 0, VDS at some positive value: ID < IDSS
Also note that at high levels of VDS the JFET reaches a breakdown
situation. ID increases uncontrollably if VDS > VDSmax. 11
JFET Operating Characteristics
Voltage-Controlled Resistor
ro
rd
2
V
1 GS
VP
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p-Channel JFETS
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p-Channel JFET Characteristics
Also note that at high levels of VDS the JFET reaches a breakdown
situation—ID increases uncontrollably if VDS > VDSmax.
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JFET Symbols
n-channel p-channel
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JFET Transfer Characteristics
The transfer characteristic of input-to-output is not as
straightforward in a JFET as it is in a BJT.
2
V
I D I DSS 1 GS
VP
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JFET Transfer Curve
This graph shows the value of ID for a given value of VGS.
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MOSFETs
(Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET)
• Depletion-Type
• Enhancement-Type
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MOSFETs Symbols
Depletion-type Enhancement-type
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Depletion-Type MOSFET Construction
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Basic MOSFET Operation
A depletion-type MOSFET can operate in two modes:
• Depletion mode
• Enhancement mode
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Operation Modes in Depletion-type
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Basic Operation of D-MOSFET
• There is no channel
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Basic Operation of the Enhancement-Type
MOSFET
The enhancement-type MOSFET only operates in the enhancement mode.
• VGS is always positive
• As VGS increases, ID increases
• As VGS is kept constant and VDS is increased, then ID saturates
(IDSS) and the saturation level, VDSsat is reached
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Basic Operation
I D k (VGS VT ) 2
Where:
VT = threshold voltage or voltage at which the MOSFET turns on
k = constant found in the specification sheet
VDSsat VGS VT
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