Female Reproductive System-Anatomy
Female Reproductive System-Anatomy
Female Reproductive System-Anatomy
SYSTEM -ANATOMY
GLENDA PICHAY-RABINO,MD, FPOGS
OVERVIEW
► Pelvis
► Pelvic floor
► External genitalia
► Internal genitalia
► Vessel and nerve and lymph
► Adjacent organs
A.PELVIS
PELVIS
► Pelvic trauma
► Pelvic Adhesions
mons pubis
Clitotis Labium
majus
Labium
Urethral orifice minus
Vaginal
Vaginal orifice
vestibule
Fossa
Perineal body navicularis
Anus
Vulva/ pudendum- term for externa
genitalia visible in the perineum
External organs description Function Disease
1. Mons pubis Hair pattern-escutcheon in Protection Lice
female triangle,male-like
diamond
2.Labia majora 2 large , longitudinal Protection Atrophy at menopause
( scrotum in male) cutaneous fold . No hair Infection can lead to
follicles but apocrine glands necrotizing fasciitis, cell
due to continuation of fa
anterior abdominal wall
3. Labia minora Nymphae-2 red cutaneous Divides clitoris to superior- Trauma
( penile urethra in male) fold . Delicate, shorter and prepuce, inferiorly –frenulum
thinner. Rich in sebaceous
gland but no hair
3. Hymen Thin perforatedmembrane in Imperforate hymen
the entrance of vagina
4. Clitoris Erectile organ at the superior Erectile tissue (nerve ending) clitoromegally
rgans description function disease
► 2.5-3 cm in diameter
► Small and round in nulligravid; gaping and wider ff delivery
► Arterial supply- descending branch of uterine artery, cervical arteries runs on
the lateral 3 and 9 oclock position and form the coronary artery.
Clinical correlation:
Bleeding on 3 and 9th o’clock position – ligated and sutured
Transformation zone –undergo dysplasia
TRANSFORMATION ZONE
► Blood supply: uterine from hypogastric and ovarian arteries and veins from
aorta
► Lymphatic drainage: fundus and body- aortic,lumbar and pelvic nodes
surrounding iliac vessel –internal iliac nodes
2. Structure of ovary
1) Covered by cuboid or low columnar
epithelium
2) Consist of a cortex and a medulla
3) Cortex: oocytes in various stages of maturity.
4) Medulla: fibers, smooth muscle cells, blood
vessel, nerves.
Ovarian Artery
Ovarian anomalies:
► Ovarian anomalies
that usually contribute
to infertility are
mainly related with
hormonal disorders.
(PCOS)
► Other causes, the
anatomic ones,
include endometriosis.
► Ovarian cyst and
Carcinoma
Vascular system of the pelvis
► Arteries- inferior mesenteric-3 cm above bifurcation –
colon,sigmoid and rectum
► Ovarian- aorta below renal vessel,
crosses anterior to the ureter enters
infundibulopelvic ligament,
unites with ascending branch of uterine artery in
mesovarium under suspensory ligament of the ovary
arteries
► Pelvic diaphragm/ endopelvic fascia -primary muscles are levator ani and coccygeus
- support of pelvic and pelvic floor
-compose of collagen, elastic tissue and
muscle(pubococcygeus, puborectalis and
iliococcygeous
► Broad- thin, mesenteric- like double reflection from lateral pelvic wall to the
uterus and continuous to uterine serosa. Thus, uterus is contained within two
folds of peritoneum.
- Peritoneal folds enclose the loose, fatty connective
tissue----Parametrium
- contains oviduct, ovarian and round
ligaments,ureters, ovarian and uterine arteries and
veins parametrial tissue and remnants of mesonephric
duct
Broad Ligaments
► Cardinal/mackenrodt’s- lateral upper cervix and vagina to the pelvic wall
- maintains anatomic position of cervix and upper
vagina. Major support of cervix and uterus.
► Uterosacral- upper portion of the cervix posteriorly to the S3. Serve as minor
role in the support of the cervix
Nongenital pelvic organs
► 1. ureters
► 2. Urinary bladder
► 3. Rectum
Ureters
ureters
► Hallow muscular organ that lies between symphysis pubis and uterus
Other structures