Corrosion Atmos
Corrosion Atmos
Corrosion Atmos
CORROSION
LECTURE
What is Corrosion?
Corrosion is the oxidation of a metal due to an
ELECTROCHEMICAL reaction. The oxidizing agent is
most often O2 (atmospheric corrosion) or H+ (chemical
corrosion) or both.
Why is it a problem?
Financial - $350 Billion Dollar Annual Problem in U.S.
(4.25% of GNP) Department of Defense spends $6 –
8 Billion
Recipe for corrosion
Active metal
Water
Oxygen
(atmospheric corrosion)
Acid
(chemical corrosion)
Salt
High temperature
Chemical vs. Atmospheric Corrosion
(H+ vs. O2)
Eo red (V)
Anodic Reaction:
Ag
Fe
Au
Cu0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
Ag
Fe
Au
Cu2++3+ +
2+
(aq)
(aq)
+
(aq)
(aq)
+
+e
2e
3e Deterioration of metal
- - --
2e -0.44
+1.50
+0.34
+0.80
Cathodic Reaction:
2H+(aq) + 2e- H2 (g) Chemical 0.00
Eo (V)
Anodic Reaction:
Fe0(s) Fe2+(aq) + 2e- -0.44
Cathodic Reaction:
2H2O (l) + 2e- H2 (g) + 2OH-(aq) -0.83
Fe2+
Fe Fe2+ + 2e-
cathode
STRESS CORROSION
Example of Stress Corrosion
Aloha Flight 243 (28 APR 1988)
Lesson:
Frequent inspections
to detect signs of stress!
Preventing Corrosion
Salt
High pH (> 9)
Preventing the Corrosion of Iron
(cathodic protection/sacrificial anode)
Sacrificial anode
Applications of Cathodic Protection
• Galvanized Steel
Zinc coating
• Sacrificial Anodes
Ship Hulls
Subs (free flooding areas)
Arleigh-Burke Destroyer
Impressed Current Cathodic
Protection
Paint
Shipboard Power
Shipboard Power Layer
Controller
Reference
Electrode
Hull
e-
e-
Power Supply
Pt Anode
Insulation
Galvanic Corrosion
(contact between unlike metals;
opposite of cathodic protection)
O2
H2O
Copper Iron
Cathode: Anode:
O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH- Fe → Fe2+ + 2e-
GALVANIC CORROSION
There are some leaks in Sampson Hall. Upon
inspection it turns out that copper (Cu) was attached to
lead (Pb) on the roof. I guess it turns out when they
are mixed with water (H2O) or air (N2, O2, CO2, etc) there
is some kind of reaction that breaks down the
properties of the copper and lead.