Bronfenbrenner

SAKET GYANPEETH’S
SAKET COLLEGE OF EDUCATION VIDYANAGRI MARG,

CHINCHPADA ROAD KATEMANIVALI, KALYAN,
MAHARASHTRA, 421306
URIE BRONFENBRENNER ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
THEORY GUIDED BY - PROF. SUNITA GAUTAM
STUDENT NAME – SURABHI DINESH SINGH

F.Y B.Ed - FIRST SEMESTER
CONTENT
 URIE BRONFENBRENNER
 PURPOSE OF PRESENTATION
 INTRODUCTION
 KEY ASSUMPTIONS
 MICROSYSTEM
 MESOSYSTEM
 EXOSYSTEM
 MACROSYSTEM
 CHRONOSYSTEMS
 APPLICATIONS
 CRITIQUES
 REFERENCE
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY
“if we want to change behaviour

we have to change environments”
(Bronfenbrenner, 1979)
PURPOSE OF PRESENTATION
 To provide an in-depth understanding of

Bronfenbrenner ' s theory of ecological systems.
 To examine the five key components of the theory and
their significance.
 To explore the practical applications of the theory in
child development research and practice
INTRODUCTION
 The ecological systems theory is based on the idea that

development is a complex and dynamic process that is
influenced by a wide range of factors, including biological,
social, and cultural factors.
 The theory is comprised of four systems of development:
microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem.
 These systems interact with each other in a dynamic and
complex way, shaping the individual' s development over
time.
KEY ASSUMPTIONS
 Development is a holistic process that is

influenced by multiple systems and levels of
environment.
 The environments in which children live and

grow are dynamic and constantly changing.
 Children are active participants in their own

development, and their experiences and
behaviours can impact their environments.
URIE BRONFENBRENNER
 Bronfenbrenner was a Russian-American

psychologist and researcher who was born
in 1917 and passed away in 2005.
 He was a professor at Cornell University
for over three decades and a prolific author,
having written numerous articles and books.
 Bronfenbrenner is best known for his theory
of ecological systems, which outlines the
various levels and types of environments
that impact a child' s development
BRONFENBRENNER'S ECOLOGICAL MODEL OF CHILD
DEVELOPMENT
MICROSYSTEM
 Definition: The microsystem refers to the immediate and direct

environment in which a child lives, such as their family, school, and
peers.
 Importance: The microsystem is critical in shaping a child's beliefs,

values, and behaviors, as well as providing support and resources.
 Example: Positive relationships and experiences, such as a supportive

family environment and positive relationships with peers, can foster a
child's well-being and development. In contrast, negative relationships
and experiences, such as conflict and abuse, can have a negative
impact on a child's well-being and development.
MESOSYSTEM
 Definition: The mesosystem refers to the interactions between the

microsystems in a child' s life, such as the relationship between a child' s
family and school or the relationship between a child' s parents.
 Importance: The mesosystem helps to define the child' s support

system and the resources available to them.
 Example: The relationship between a child' s family and school can

have an impact on their development. A positive relationship between
these microsystems can create a supportive and cohesive environment
for the child, while a negative relationship can lead to a fragmented and
stressful environment.
EXOSYSTEM
 Definition: The exosystem refers to the larger social structures and systems
that indirectly impact a child's development, such as the community,
workplace, and government policies.
 Importance: The exosystem affects a child's life by influencing the

resources and opportunities available to them, as well as shaping their
perceptions of the world.
 Example: If a child's parent loses their job, this can affect the family's
financial stability and have a negative impact on the child's well-being and
development. Similarly, living in a community with limited resources and
opportunities can limit a child's experiences and opportunities, which can
have a negative impact on their development.
MACROSYSTEM
 Definition: The macrosystem refers to the cultural, historical, and

societal values, beliefs, and norms that shape a child's development.
 Importance: The macrosystem provides the context for a child's

experiences and can influence their beliefs, values, and behaviors.
 Example: cultural attitudes towards gender, race, and ethnicity can

affect a child's experiences and relationships within their microsystem
and the larger society. Similarly, historical events, such as war or natural
disasters, can have a significant impact on a child's life and the other
ecological systems in which they exist.
CHRONOSYSTEM
 Definition: The chronosystem refers to the role of time and change in
shaping a child's environment and development.
 Importance: The chronosystem highlights the dynamic and ongoing nature

of a child's environment and the impact that changes can have on their
development over time.
 Example : A child's experiences and development can be impacted by

historical events such as the global pandemic, which can disrupt the normal
functioning of schools and communities, leading to changes in a child's
relationships, school environment, and opportunities. A significant life event,
such as the birth of a sibling, can also alter a child's relationships with family
members and impact the resources and attention available to them.
APPLICATIONS OF THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY
 The ecological systems theory has a number of practical

applications, including in the fields of education, social work, and
public policy.
 The theory can be used to inform interventions and policies that

promote positive outcomes for individuals and communities.
 The ecological systems theory can help practitioners better

understand the complex factors that influence an individual's
development, and can inform interventions that address those
factors.
CRITIQUES OF THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY
 Overemphasizing the role of the environment: Some critics argue that

the theory places too much emphasis on the environment and
underplays the role of biology and genetics in development.
 Lack of attention to cultural differences: The theory does not take into
account the influence of cultural differences on development and
assumes that the same ecological systems operate similarly across
different cultures.
 Limited focus on the individual: The theory does not give enough
attention to the role of the individual in shaping their own
development and behaviour.
 Overly complex: The theory can be difficult to apply in practice due to

its complex and multi-layered nature, which may make it challenging
for practitioners to use it effectively
REFERENCE
 BOOKS :
 K.PARK COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PUBLISHED BY

JAYPEE BROTHERS ,NEW DELHI.
 B.T.BASAVANTHAPPA TEXT BOOK OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING BY JAYPEE BROTHERS, NEW DELHI.
 LINKS : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_systems_theory
THANK YOU

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SAKET GYANPEETH’S

SAKET COLLEGE OF EDUCATION VIDYANAGRI MARG,

URIE BRONFENBRENNER ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

THEORY GUIDED BY - PROF. SUNITA GAUTAM

STUDENT NAME – SURABHI DINESH SINGH

“if we want to change behaviour

 To provide an in-depth understanding of

 The ecological systems theory is based on the idea that

 Development is a holistic process that is

 The environments in which children live and

 Children are active participants in their own

 Bronfenbrenner was a Russian-American

 Definition: The microsystem refers to the immediate and direct

 Importance: The microsystem is critical in shaping a child's beliefs,

 Example: Positive relationships and experiences, such as a supportive

 Definition: The mesosystem refers to the interactions between the

 Importance: The mesosystem helps to define the child' s support

 Example: The relationship between a child' s family and school can

 Importance: The exosystem affects a child's life by influencing the

 Definition: The macrosystem refers to the cultural, historical, and

 Importance: The macrosystem provides the context for a child's

 Example: cultural attitudes towards gender, race, and ethnicity can

 Importance: The chronosystem highlights the dynamic and ongoing nature

 Example : A child's experiences and development can be impacted by

 The ecological systems theory has a number of practical

 The theory can be used to inform interventions and policies that

 The ecological systems theory can help practitioners better

 Overemphasizing the role of the environment: Some critics argue that

 Overly complex: The theory can be difficult to apply in practice due to

 K.PARK COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PUBLISHED BY

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