Tissues
Tissues
Tissues
By-Agrani
Complex
permanent tissues
Complex permanent tissues :- are
made up of more than one type
of cells. There are two types of
complex tissues. They are Xylem
and Phloem. They are called
vascular or conducting tissues.
Xylem
C. Nageli introduced the term xylem in 1858. The
word "xylem" is extracted from the Greek word
"Xylos", meaning "wood". Xylem is a complex
permanent, conducting tissue that conducts water
and mineral nutrients in only an upward direction
from root to leaves (unidirectional). It is
responsible for
the transport of water and minerals from roots to
other parts of the plant, and it also
provides mechanical support to the plant. The
cells of the xylem has thick lignified walls, and
many of them are dead.
Xylem
• They are further
divided into four
components.
• a) Xylem Tracheids
b) Xylem fibres
c) Xylem parenchyma
d) Xylem vessels
Xylem
Tracheids are elongated, tube-like dead cells
with oblique end walls. The walls are lignified
and cavities are empty (dead cell).
Vessels form long tubes fitting together end to
end with perforated or no end walls. Vessels
are absent in ferns.
Xylem parenchyma cells store food and help
move water or sap sideways. Out of all the
cell types mentioned, xylem parenchyma is
the only one made up of living cells and
contains food.
Xylem fibres are supportive in function.
Functions