Electrical Safety Traininig

ELECTRICAL SAFETY BASIC AWARENESS
ELECTRICAL/PPT/2023-24 1
Electrical Injuries
AN AVERAGE OF ONE WORKER IS

ELECTROCUTED ON THE JOB EVERY DAY!
There are four main types of electrical injuries:
• Electrocution (death due to electrical shock)
• Electrical Shock
• Burns
• Falls
• Fire and explosion
Electrical Burns
• Are the most common shock

related nonfatal
injury
• Occur when you touch electrical

wiring or equipment that is
improperly used or maintained
• Typically occurs on the hands
• Very serious injury that needs

immediate attention
Falls
• Electrical shock can also

cause indirect or secondary
injuries.
• Employees working in an
elevated location who
experience a shock can fall
resulting in serious injury
or even death.
PROBABLE EFFECT ON THE HUMAN BODY
Current Reaction
• Below-1ma Generally not perceptible.

• 1-ma Faint tingle.
• 5-ma Slight shock felt, not painful but
disturbing.
• 6-25ma Painful shock, loss of muscular control.
• 9-30ma Freezing current, an individual can not let
go.
• 50-150ma Extreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe
muscular contraction death is possible.
• 1000-4300ma Rhythmic pumping, muscular contraction,
and nerve damage.
• 10,000 ma Cardiac arrest, severe burn death
probable.
Inadequate Wiring Hazards
A hazard exists when a

conductor is too small to
safely carry the current.
Example: using a portable tool
with an extension cord that
has a wire too small for the
tool
• Tool draws more current
than cord can handle =
overheating, possible fire
without tripping the circuit
breaker
• Circuit breaker could be the
right size for the circuit but
not for the smaller wire
extension cord
Inadequate Wiring Hazards
A hazard exists when a

conductor is too small to
safely carry the current.
Example: using a portable tool
with an extension cord that
has a wire too small for the
tool
• Tool draws more current
than cord can handle =
overheating, possible fire
without tripping the circuit
breaker
• Circuit breaker could be the
right size for the circuit but
not for the smaller wire
extension cord
Hazards of Overloading
• Too many devices

plugged into circuit
= wires heat to very
high temperature =
possible fire.
• Wire insulation
melts = arcing may
occur = fire in area
where overload
exists (even inside
a wall).
Electrical Protective Devices
• Shut off electricity flow in the event of an

overload or ground-fault in the circuit.
• Include fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-

fault circuit interrupters (GFCI).
• Fuses and circuit breakers are “over current”

devices (too much current = fuses melt and
circuit breakers “trip” open).
ELECTRICAL/PPT/2023-24
9
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
• Protects you from dangerous electrical

shock.
• Detects a difference in current between

the black and white circuit wires (could
happen when electrical equipment is not
working properly causing a current
“leakage” known as ground fault).
• Ground fault detected = GFCI can shut

off electricity flow in as little as 1/40 of a
second protecting you from a dangerous
shock.
10
Electrical Requirements
GROUNDING PATH
The path to ground from circuits, equipment, and
enclosures must be permanent and continuous.
The violation shown here is an extension cord

with the third/grounding prong missing.
Electrical Requirements
• Hand-held electrical tools pose a

potential danger because they
make continuous contact with
the hand.
• To protect you from shock,
burns, and electrocution, tools
must:
o Have a 3 wire cord with ground
and be plugged into a grounded
receptacle or
o Be double insulated or
o Be powered by a low-voltage
isolation transformer
PPT-008-02 12
Guarding Live Parts
Must guard “live” parts of electric

equipment operating at > 50 volts
against accidental contact by:
• Approved cabinets/enclosures or
• Location or permanent partitions
(thereby only accessible to
qualified persons)
• Elevation of 8 feet or more
above the floor or working
surface
• Mark entrances to guarded
locations with conspicuous
warning signs
Guarding Live Parts
• Where electrical
equipment is in
locations that it
can suffer
physical damage
it must be
guarded.
• The violation
shown here is
physical damage
to conduit.
MINIMUM APPROACH DISTANCE
According to OSHA -29 CFR 1926.1408
Voltage Minimum clearance distance.

Up to 50 KV 10 feet
Above 50-200kv 15 feet
Above 350-500kv 25feet
Above 500-750 KV 35 feet
Cabinets, Boxes, Fittings
• Junction boxes, pull boxes, and

fittings must have approved
covers.
• Unused openings in cabinets,

boxes and fittings must be
closed (no missing “knockouts”).
• Photo shows violations of these

two requirements.
16
Use of Flexible Cords
• Are more vulnerable than

fixed wiring.
• Made be of industrial
commercial quality.
• May not be used as
permanent wiring.
• Improper use of flexible
cords can cause shocks,
burns, or fire.
• Approved by a recognized
testing agency.
PPT-008-02 17
Flexible Cords
• Uncoil an extension cord

fully before use.
• Be sure the amperage of
the cord is appropriate for
the job you are doing.
• Do not use equipment
that delivers mild
electrical shocks, gives off
unusual heat or smells
odd.
• If in doubt, have it
checked and repaired or
replaced. ELECTRICAL/PPT/2023-24
18
Flexible Cords
Extension cords shall not be

fastened with staples, hung
from nails, or suspended by
wire.
19
Permissible Uses of Flexible Cords
Examples
Pendant or Fixture Portable lamps, Stationary equipment
Wiring tools or appliances to facilitate interchange
20
Prohibited Uses of Flexible Cords
Examples
Substitute for Run through walls, ceilings Concealed behind

fixed wiring floors, doors, or windows or attached to
building surfaces
21
Electrical Extension Cords
Homemade “Gang Box”
Not allowed in work setting

per OSHA:
29 CFR 1910.305
29 CFR 1926.405
22
Unsafe
23
Unsafe
24
Unsafe
25
Unsafe
26
Unsafe
27
Unsafe
28
Unsafe
29
Top 5 – Electrical Fire Causes
1. Most electrical fires are

caused by faulty electrical
outlets and old, outdated
appliances.
Removing the grounding plug

from a cord so it can be used in
a two-prong electrical outlet can
also cause a fire.
30
2. Light fixtures, lamps and light bulbs are another

common reason for electrical fires.
o Installing a bulb with a wattage that is too high for the
lamps and light fixtures is a leading cause of electrical
fires.
o Always check the maximum recommended bulb wattage
on any lighting fixture or lamp and never go over the
recommended amount.
31
3. Misuse of extension cords

is another electrical fire
cause.
o Appliances should be plugged
directly into outlet and not
plugged into an extension cord
for any length of time.
o Only use extension cords as a
temporary measure.
o If you do not have the
appropriate type of outlets for
your appliances, hire an
electrician to install new ones.
32
4. Space heaters are a major

cause of electrical fires.
o Because these types of heaters
are portable, many times
people put them too close to
combustible surfaces such as
clothing, chairs, and rugs.
o Coil space heaters are
especially dangerous. I
o f you do use space heaters,
use the radiator-type that
diffuse heat over the entire
surface of the appliance.
33
5. Outdated wiring often

causes electrical fires.
o Breakers should be
triggered when circuits
get overloaded by too
much electricity,
o Outdated breaker boxes
often have worn
connectors that do not
work, causing the
system to overload and
start an electrical fire.
34
Safety
• Check the information on your cord.

o Extension cords are labeled with valuable
information as to the use, size and wattage
rating of the cord.
o Cords offered in many lengths and are labeled
with size or “gauge.”
• Determine the gauge needed. All appliances
indicate how much wattage is consumed when
operated.
35
Safety
• Decide whether you will be using the

appliance indoors or outdoors.
o Extension cords that can be used outdoors will
be clearly marked “Suitable for Use with
Outdoor Appliances.”
• Never use an indoor extension cord outdoors; it
could result in an electric shock or fire hazard.
36
Safety
• Determine how long you need the cord to

be. A cord, based on its gauge, can power an
appliance of a certain wattage only at specific
distances.
o As cord gets longer, the current carrying
capacity of the cord gets lower.
o Example: 16 gauge extension cord less than 50
feet in length can power a 1625 watt (W)
appliance; 16 gauge cord that is longer than 50
feet can only power an appliance up to 1250W.
37
Safety
Place the cord correctly.
o Do not place underneath carpets or heavy
furniture.
o Should not be tacked in place to a wall or taped
down.
o Should not be used while coiled or bent.
o Match the length of the cord to the length of
your needs.
38
Training
Train employees working with electrical

equipment in safe working practices including:
• De-energizing electrical equipment before

inspecting or making repairs
• Using electric tools in good repair
• Using good judgment when working near

energized lines
• Using appropriate protective equipment (PPE)
39
Summary
• Extension cords must be "of proper size and

temperature rating to withstand the electrical
load and approved by a recognized testing
agency.”
• Locally purchased extension cords may not

meet this standard.
• Always check applicable regulations/standards

before buying or using extension cords at work.
40
Summary
Hazards
• Inadequate wiring
• Exposed electrical parts

• Wires with bad insulation
• Ungrounded electrical tools/systems
• Overloaded circuits
• Damaged power tools/equipment
• Overhead power lines
All hazards are made worse in wet conditions!
Summary
PROTECTIVE MEASURES
▪ Proper grounding
▪ Using GFCI’s
▪ Using fuses and circuit breakers
▪ Proper use of flexible cords
▪ Training
• Electricity is a very good servant and also a very bad
master.
Always treat respectively with electricals equipment
Thanks…….

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ELECTRICAL SAFETY BASIC AWARENESS

AN AVERAGE OF ONE WORKER IS

• Are the most common shock

• Occur when you touch electrical

improperly used or maintained

• Typically occurs on the hands

• Very serious injury that needs

• Electrical shock can also

• Below-1ma Generally not perceptible.

A hazard exists when a

A hazard exists when a

• Too many devices

• Shut off electricity flow in the event of an

• Include fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-

• Fuses and circuit breakers are “over current”

• Protects you from dangerous electrical

• Detects a difference in current between

• Ground fault detected = GFCI can shut

The violation shown here is an extension cord

• Hand-held electrical tools pose a

Must guard “live” parts of electric

According to OSHA -29 CFR 1926.1408

Voltage Minimum clearance distance.

• Junction boxes, pull boxes, and

• Unused openings in cabinets,

• Photo shows violations of these

• Are more vulnerable than

• Uncoil an extension cord

Extension cords shall not be

Pendant or Fixture Portable lamps, Stationary equipment

Wiring tools or appliances to facilitate interchange

Substitute for Run through walls, ceilings Concealed behind

Homemade “Gang Box”

Not allowed in work setting

1. Most electrical fires are

Removing the grounding plug

2. Light fixtures, lamps and light bulbs are another

3. Misuse of extension cords

4. Space heaters are a major

5. Outdated wiring often

• Check the information on your cord.

• Decide whether you will be using the

• Determine how long you need the cord to

Train employees working with electrical

• De-energizing electrical equipment before

• Using electric tools in good repair

• Using good judgment when working near

• Using appropriate protective equipment (PPE)

• Extension cords must be "of proper size and

• Locally purchased extension cords may not

• Always check applicable regulations/standards

• Exposed electrical parts

All hazards are made worse in wet conditions!

▪ Using fuses and circuit breakers

▪ Proper use of flexible cords

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