Chapter 5 Transportation 2 Morning
Chapter 5 Transportation 2 Morning
Chapter 5 Transportation 2 Morning
Solution
Step
(1):
finding
the
IBFS
•Using the North-West
Corner Method
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Steps of Least-Cost Method
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The Vogel Approximation Method:
This method provides a better starting solution (optimal or
closed to the optimal solution)
Steps of Vogel Approximation Method
1. In each row and column, subtract the lowest two costs
from each other.
2. Determine the row or column with the largest difference.
3. Allocate as much as possible to the variable with the least
cost in the selected row or column. Any row or column with
zero supply or demand would not be used in computing
the following step.
4. If exactly one row or column remains uncrossed out stop.
Otherwise, go to step (1).
5. If only one row or column with positive supply or demand
remains uncrossed out determine the basic variable by
the least-cost method.
6. If all uncrossed out rows and columns have assigned
zero supply and demand, determine the zero basic
variable by the least-cost method.
Note: In all the three methods, if you have a tie you can
break the tie arbitrarily.
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X31=5
X12=15
X23=15
X14=0,
X34=5,
X24=10
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Improving the IBFS
Determine an entering variable using method of multipliers
(U,V) method, In this method associate the multipliers with row I
and column j of the transportation tableau.
For each current basic variable
Ui + Vj = Cij for each basic Xij
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The entering variable must have the maximum C'ij which is X31 = 9
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All C'ij is negative for all non-basic variables, so the solution is optimal which is:
X12 =5, X14 =10, X22 =10, X23 =15, X31 =5, X34 =5
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The Algorithm Steps
1. Subtract the smallest value in each column from all the
values in that column.
2. Subtract the smallest value in each row from all the
values in that row.
3. Note: step 1 & 2 will produce a cost matrix containing at
least one zero element in each row or column.
4. Determine a feasible assignment using the cells with
zero cost. If this is possible stop, as optimal solution is
found. This step is done as follows:
a) Determine the number of lines required to cover all
zeros.
b) If the number of lines is equal to n, stop
(This is the optimal assignment).
c) If the number of lines is less than n then go to (4).
5. Subtract the smallest value not covered with lines from
all uncovered values and add it to the value at the
intersection of the lines then go to (3).
Note: Obtain the minimum cost from the original table.
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Example 2:
In example (1) suppose that plant B
capacity is 1300 cars (instead of 1500). The
total supply =3500cars and the total demand
= 3700cars. So the total supply <
the total demand. Therefore, we have to
add dummy source with capacity 200 cars.
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Example 3:
In example (1) suppose that the demand of
the destination 1 is 1900 cars (instead of 2300). The
total supply =3700cars and the total
demand = 3300cars. So the total supply >
the total demand. Therefore, we have to add dummy
destination with 400 cars.
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