What Causes Power Loss in

Transmission Lines?
 There are two major type of Losses:
1) Fixed Type Losses
2) Variable Type Losses

1) Fixed Type Losses:

• Corona Losses
• Leakage Current Losses
• Dielectric Losses
• Losses caused by continuous load of measuring elements
• Losses caused by continuous load of control elements
2) Variable Type Losses:

One of the main causes of power loss is the Joule effect(I^2R Losses)
found in transformers and power lines. The energy is lost in the form
of heat in the conductors.

The transmission has conductors whose main purpose is to resist the

flow of current. The resistance per kilometer is small, but that along
the transmission lines can have a huge impact. Thus, this leads to the
heat being produced in the conductor and an increase in temperature
in the conductor. In turn, there is a rise in the conductor temperature,
which increases the conductor’s resistance, which causes the
transmission line losses.
 How Much Power Loss in
Transmission Lines?
Cable Loss & Voltage Drop- 250MW SECI-250
Resistance at Resistance at 90 Total Voltage
Reactance at Power Facor Line Length No. of Capacity Peak
S.no Site Zone Cable 20 degrees C degrees C Sinф Resistance Level Loss (MW)
50Hz (ohm/km) Cosф (km) Circuits/runs (MW) Current (A)
(ohm/km) (ohm/km) (ohm) (kV)

1 BLOCK-1 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
2 BLOCK-2 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
3 BLOCK-3 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
4 BLOCK-4 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
5 BLOCK-5 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
6 BLOCK-6 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
7 BLOCK-7 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
8 BLOCK-8 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
9 BLOCK-9 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
10 BLOCK-10 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
11 BLOCK-11 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
12 BLOCK-12 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
13 BLOCK-13 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
14 BLOCK-14 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
15 BLOCK-15 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
16 BLOCK-16 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
17 BLOCK-17 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
18 BLOCK-18 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
19 BLOCK-19 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007
20 BLOCK-20 Inverter - Inverter Trafo 1Cx300 AL 0.1 0.130 0.095 0.950 0.312 0.018 8 0.0003 0.63 3.125 2863.92 0.007

1 BLOCK-1 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 1.025 1 0.2186 33 12.5 218.70 0.031
2 BLOCK-2 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.625 1 0.1333 33 12.5 218.70 0.019
3 BLOCK-3 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.475 1 0.1013 33 12.5 218.70 0.015
4 BLOCK-4 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.545 1 0.1162 33 12.5 218.70 0.017
5 BLOCK-5 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.3 1 0.0640 33 12.5 218.70 0.009
6 BLOCK-6 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.575 1 0.1226 33 12.5 218.70 0.018
7 BLOCK-7 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.8 1 0.1706 33 12.5 218.70 0.024
8 BLOCK-8 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.495 1 0.1056 33 12.5 218.70 0.015
HTLS CONDUCTOR LOSS 9 BLOCK-9 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.26 1 0.0554 33 12.5 218.70 0.008
10 BLOCK-10 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.39 1 0.0832 33 12.5 218.70 0.012
11 BLOCK-11 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.705 1 0.1503 33 12.5 218.70 0.022
12 BLOCK-12 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.235 1 0.0501 33 12.5 218.70 0.007
Resistance at Resistance at Total Voltage Calculated 13 BLOCK-13 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.34 1 0.0725 33 12.5 218.70 0.010
Max Max Line Length No. of Capacity Peak Total
Cable 20 degrees C 146 degrees C Resistance Level Loss (MW) Percentage 14 BLOCK-14 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.185 1 0.0395 33 12.5 218.70 0.006
Ampacity Temperature (km) Circuits/runs (MW) Current (A) Loss 15 BLOCK-15 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.635 1 0.1354 33 12.5 218.70 0.019
(ohm/km) (ohm/km) (ohm) (kV) Loss 16 BLOCK-16 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 1.205 1 0.2570 33 12.5 218.70 0.037
17 BLOCK-17 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.645 1 0.1375 33 12.5 218.70 0.020
1 ACSS 2018 250 0.05552 0.08553 50.000 4 1.0691 400 1800 2598.15 21.651 1.20% 1.20% 18 BLOCK-18 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 1.32 1 0.2815 33 12.5 218.70 0.040
2 ACCC BUDAPEST 1866 180 0.042 0.06470 50.000 4 0.8088 400 1800 2598.15 16.379 0.91% 0.91% 19 BLOCK-19 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.755 1 0.1610 33 12.5 218.70 0.023
20 BLOCK-20 IDT to 33kV TL 3Cx185 AL 0.164 0.213 0.118 0.950 0.312 0.34 1 0.0725 33 12.5 218.70 0.010
3 ACCC ROME 1866 180 0.0474 0.07302 50.000 4 0.9128 400 1800 2598.15 18.485 1.03% 1.03%
1 12.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.49 1 0.0539 33 12.5 218.70 0.008
AL-59 Moose 0.05 0.06502 50.000 6 0.5418 400 1800 2598.15 10.972 0.61% 0.61% 2 12.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 1.24 1 0.1364 33 12.5 218.70 0.020
3 12.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.205 1 0.0226 33 12.5 218.70 0.003
4 12.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.18 1 0.0198 33 12.5 218.70 0.003
1 ACSS 2018 250 0.05552 0.07743 50.000 4 0.9679 400 1500 2165.13 13.612 0.91% 0.91% 5 25MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.935 1 0.1029 33 25 437.40 0.059
6 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.69 1 0.0759 33 25 437.40 0.044
2 ACCC BUDAPEST 1866 180 0.042 0.05858 50.000 4 0.7322 400 1500 2165.13 10.297 0.69% 0.69% 7
25MW
25MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.35 1 0.0385 33 25 437.40 0.022
3 ACCC ROME 1866 180 0.0474 0.06611 50.000 4 0.8263 400 1500 2165.13 11.621 0.77% 0.77% 8 25MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.466 1 0.0513 33 25 437.40 0.029
9 25MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.71 1 0.0781 33 25 437.40 0.045
10 25MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.94 1 0.1034 33 25 437.40 0.059
1 ACSS 2018 250 0.05552 0.07457 50.000 4 0.9322 400 1200 1732.10 8.390 0.70% 0.70% 11
12
37.5MW
37.5MW
33kV TL
33kV TL
ECO-353
ECO-353
0.085
0.085
0.110
0.110
0.100
0.100
0.950
0.950
0.312
0.312
1.515
1.015
1
1
0.1667
0.1117
33
33
37.5
37.5
656.10
656.10
0.215
0.144
2 ACCC BUDAPEST 1866 180 0.042 0.05641 50.000 4 0.7052 400 1200 1732.10 6.347 0.53% 0.53% 13 37.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 1.132 1 0.1245 33 37.5 656.10 0.161
14 37.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.835 1 0.0919 33 37.5 656.10 0.119
3 ACCC ROME 1866 180 0.0474 0.06367 50.000 4 0.7958 400 1200 1732.10 7.163 0.60% 0.60% 15 37.5MW 33kV TL ECO-353 0.085 0.110 0.100 0.950 0.312 0.786 1 0.0865 33 37.5 656.10 0.112
Different power is lost at different stages:

 1-2% of energy is lost during the step-up transformer from when the
electricity is generated to when it is transmitted.
 2-4% of energy is lost in the transmission lines
 1-2% of energy is lost during the step-down of the transform from the
transmission line to distribution.
 4-6% of energy is lost during the distribution

So, the average loss of power between the power plant and consumers ranges
between 8-15%
How to Reduce Power Loss
in Transmission Lines
 When high currents are used to induce more heat on the electrical
conductors, this leads to there being a significant loss of energy as heat. That
is mainly when the power is transmitted through a distant place from the
energy plant. Thus, to reduce and prevent the loss of energy, the current
needs to be low, and the current small depending on the wattage required.