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    Lesson 3 Minerals Its Characteristics and Properties 2

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    Yreal Pangilinan
    This document discusses the characteristics and properties of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring substances with distinctive chemical and physical properties. It describes several key mineral properties including color, streak, cleavage, hardness, luster, fluorescence, and tenacity. It explains how these properties can be used to identify and differentiate between different types of minerals.

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    Lesson 3 Minerals Its Characteristics and Properties 2

    Uploaded by

    Yreal Pangilinan
    26 views37 pages
    This document discusses the characteristics and properties of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring substances with distinctive chemical and physical properties. It describes several key mineral properties including color, streak, cleavage, hardness, luster, fluorescence, and tenacity. It explains how these properties can be used to identify and differentiate between different types of minerals.

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    Minerals

    Original Title

    Lesson-3-Minerals-its-Characteristics-and-Properties-2

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    This document discusses the characteristics and properties of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring substances with distinctive chemical and physical properties. It describes several key mineral properties including color, streak, cleavage, hardness, luster, fluorescence, and tenacity. It explains how these properties can be used to identify and differentiate between different types of minerals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    26 views37 pages

    Lesson 3 Minerals Its Characteristics and Properties 2

    Uploaded by

    Yreal Pangilinan
    This document discusses the characteristics and properties of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring substances with distinctive chemical and physical properties. It describes several key mineral properties including color, streak, cleavage, hardness, luster, fluorescence, and tenacity. It explains how these properties can be used to identify and differentiate between different types of minerals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 37

    Earth and Life

    Science
    Minerals, it’s Characteristics
    and Properties
    Direction: Identify which Earth’s
    subsystem the following parts/pictures
    belong to:

    Atmosphere
    Hydrosphere
    Biosphere
    JUMBLED LETTERS
    DELBMUJ SRETTEL
    ESRAKT
    - the color of a mineral in its
    powdered form. It is usually
    obtained by rubbing the mineral
    on a hard, white surface, such
    as a tile of unglazed.
    STREAK
    - the color of a mineral in its
    powdered form. It is usually
    obtained by rubbing the mineral
    on a hard, white surface, such
    as a tile of unglazed.
    E L C AAV G E
    - tendency of a crystalline
    substance to split into
    fragments bounded by plane
    surfaces.
    Cleavage
    - tendency of a crystalline
    substance to split into
    fragments bounded by plane
    surfaces.
    Utelsr
    - a glow of a
    reflected light.
    Luster
    - a glow of a
    reflected light.
    AntetIcy
    - refers to a mineral’s
    resistance to breaking,
    bending, or otherwise being
    deformed.
    TenacIty
    - refers to a mineral’s
    resistance to breaking,
    bending, or otherwise being
    deformed.
    Drsesnah
    - the resistance of a
    mineral to scratching.
    HARDNESS
    - the resistance of a
    mineral to scratching.
    Objectives
    • define mineral
    • identify the examples of minerals
    and;
    • explain the different characteristics of
    minerals
    Minerals

    -Naturally occurring substance with distinctive


    chemical and physical properties,
    composition and atomic structure.

    -Most popular minerals include quartz,


    feldspar, bauxite, cobalt, talc and pyrite.
    Types of Minerals
    • Silicate Minerals
    - consist of silicon and oxygen
    - may consist of a metal
    Ex. Feldspar, Orthoclase and
    Plagioclase
    Types of Minerals
    • Non – Silicate Mineral
    - does not contain silicon and
    oxygen
    Ex. Gypsum, Galena and Corundum
    Main Characteristics of Minerals
    • Naturally Occurring
    - minerals are formed by natural
    processes
    - cannot be man-made, manufactured,
    or created in a laboratory
    Main Characteristics of Minerals
    • Inorganic Solid
    - minerals are entirely crystalline solid
    unlike those that are crystalline liquid.

    - minerals display a highly ordered


    internal atomic structure that has a regular
    geometric form.
    Main Characteristics of Minerals
    • Crystalline Structure
    - minerals consist of primarily organized
    crystal structure.

    - these minerals tend to have sharp


    melting point. Common example is a diamond.
    Main Characteristics of Minerals
    •Definite Chemical Composition
    - minerals have a chemical
    composition that varies within a specific
    limited range and the atoms that make up
    the mineral must occur in specific ratios.
    Properties of Minerals
    1.Color 5. Luster
    2. Streak 6.
    Fluorescence
    3. Cleavage and Fracture 7. Tenacity
    4. Hardness
    • Color
    - the result of the reflection of
    visible light.
    - mineral’s color may change
    depending on the surface.
    Sapphire Ruby
    • Streak
    - the color of
    mineral in
    powdered form.

    Ex. Hematite – mineral that leaves powder


    • Cleavage
    -the ability of mineral
    to split along a weak
    plane forming flat
    surface.

    Ex. Mica (crystal can be


    peel like layers of onion)
    • Fracture
    – the capacity of a
    certain mineral to
    break along curved
    surfaces.

    Ex. Quartz ( creates


    smooth, curved surfaces)
    • Hardness
    - the tendency of
    a mineral to resist
    abrasion(scratching).

    Ex. Diamond
    (has a scale of 10)
    • Luster
    - the ability of a
    mineral to reflect
    light from its surface

    Ex. Pyrite a.k.a. fool’s


    gold
    • Fluorescence
    - the ability of
    minerals to glow
    when bombarded
    with ultraviolet light.

    Ex. Calcite
    • Tenacity
    - describes the mineral’s reaction
    to stress.
     Brittleness – a mineral turns into
    powder
     Malleability – a mineral can be
    flattened by pounding with a hammer.
     Ductility – a mineral can be
    stretched into wire.
     Flexible but not elastic – minerals
    are bent, and they return to their
    original position.
     Sectility – ability of minerals to be
    sliced by a knife.

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