Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography and Carrier Gas
Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography and Carrier Gas
Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography and Carrier Gas
C H R O M AT O G R A P H Y
AND CARRIER GAS
LUDY NORE IBY ROJAS COTACIO
PAUL A ANDRE A GUT IE RRE Z G AL ARZ A
B R AYA N S T I V E N M O S Q U E R A Y U L E
OVERVIEW
A GC system comprises two phases: an inert gas called a mobile phase and an immiscible
stationary phase (solid or liquid) placed in a column. Analytes are distributed between the
mobile and the stationary phases during the process depending on their relative affinity for both.
Therefore, compounds with higher
affinity for the stationary phase are retained longer and eluted later than others.
Although complex mixtures of volatile compounds can be directly analyzed by GC,
derivatization of nonvolatile polar molecules or low thermal stability. The coupling of GC to
mass spectrometry (GC-MS) affords additional structural information of usefulness to assess
food authenticity.
PLATE HEIGHT
There are two general types of columns: open tubular (also called capillary) and packed