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    Types-of-Errors-in-Hypothesis-Testing

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    Lady Jane Cagulada
    The document defines two types of errors in hypothesis testing: Type I errors, which involve rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, and Type II errors, which involve not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. It provides examples of Type I and Type II errors related to medical diagnoses and used car safety. Specifically, a Type I error would be a doctor believing a patient has cancer when they are cancer-free, while a Type II error would be a doctor believing a patient is cancer-free when they actually have cancer. Generally, Type II errors are considered to have greater consequence since a false diagnosis could have serious health implications.

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    Types-of-Errors-in-Hypothesis-Testing

    Uploaded by

    Lady Jane Cagulada
    51 views9 pages
    The document defines two types of errors in hypothesis testing: Type I errors, which involve rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, and Type II errors, which involve not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. It provides examples of Type I and Type II errors related to medical diagnoses and used car safety. Specifically, a Type I error would be a doctor believing a patient has cancer when they are cancer-free, while a Type II error would be a doctor believing a patient is cancer-free when they actually have cancer. Generally, Type II errors are considered to have greater consequence since a false diagnosis could have serious health implications.

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    3. Types-of-Errors-in-Hypothesis-Testing

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    The document defines two types of errors in hypothesis testing: Type I errors, which involve rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, and Type II errors, which involve not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. It provides examples of Type I and Type II errors related to medical diagnoses and used car safety. Specifically, a Type I error would be a doctor believing a patient has cancer when they are cancer-free, while a Type II error would be a doctor believing a patient is cancer-free when they actually have cancer. Generally, Type II errors are considered to have greater consequence since a false diagnosis could have serious health implications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views9 pages

    Types-of-Errors-in-Hypothesis-Testing

    Uploaded by

    Lady Jane Cagulada
    The document defines two types of errors in hypothesis testing: Type I errors, which involve rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, and Type II errors, which involve not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. It provides examples of Type I and Type II errors related to medical diagnoses and used car safety. Specifically, a Type I error would be a doctor believing a patient has cancer when they are cancer-free, while a Type II error would be a doctor believing a patient is cancer-free when they actually have cancer. Generally, Type II errors are considered to have greater consequence since a false diagnosis could have serious health implications.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Types of Errors in

    Hypothesis Testing
    Types of Errors

    ▪ Type I Error – Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true

    ▪ Type II Error – Not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false


    Types of Errors

    Null Hypothesis (Ho)


    RESEARCHER
    TRUE FALSE
    Reject Ho Type I error

    Fail to Reject Ho Type II error


    Types of Errors

    ▪ P(type I error/ Ho is true) = α


    ▪ P(type II error/ Ho is false) = β
    ▪ P(rejecting a false Ho) = 1- β
    Example

    1. Let’s say that the null hypothesis Ho is : John’s used car is safe to drive.
    (a) Which statement represents a type I error? (b) Which statement
    represents a type II error? (c) Which type of error has greater consequence?

    a) John thinks that his car may be safe, in fact, it is not safe.
    b) John thinks that his car may be safe, in fact, it is safe.
    c) John thinks that his car may NOT be safe, in fact, it is not safe.
    d) John thinks that his car may NOT be safe, in fact, it is safe.
    Ho: John’s used car is safe to drive.

    John thinks that his car may be John thinks that his car may
    safe, in fact, it is not safe. NOT be safe, in fact, it is safe.
    ▪ It says that the Ho is false ▪ Agrees with the Ho
    ▪ Fails to reject false Ho (accepts ▪ But rejects the Ho
    false Ho)
    ▪ Type I error
    ▪ Type II error
    Exercise

    1. During a medical examination, the null hypothesis Ho is: The patient is


    presumed cancer free: (a) Which statement represents a type I error? (b)
    Which statement represents a type II error? (c) Which type of error has
    greater consequence?
    a) The doctor believes that the patient still has cancer when, in fact, the patient is cancer free.
    b) The doctor believes that the patient still has cancer when, in fact, the patient has cancer.
    c) The doctor believes that the patient is cancer free when, in fact, the patient has cancer.
    d) The doctor believes that the patient is cancer free when, in fact, the patient is cancer free.
    Ho: The patient is presumed cancer
    free.

    The doctor believes that the patient still has The doctor believes that the patient is cancer
    cancer when, in fact, the patient is cancer
    free.
    free when, in fact, the patient has cancer.

    ▪ It says that the Ho is true ▪ Disagrees with the Ho (false)


    ▪ The doctor rejects the Ho ▪ The doctor fails to reject the
    Ho (accepts Ho)
    ▪ Type I error
    ▪ Type II error
    Thank you!

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