This document discusses risk factors that influence disaster risk by increasing exposure, vulnerability, and reducing capacity. It identifies three main elements that determine risk: exposure (elements at risk), hazards (dangerous events), and vulnerability (susceptibility due to physical, social, economic factors). It then discusses several things to consider regarding risk factors like severity of exposure, gender/family impacts, age impacts, and economic impacts. Finally, it lists seven factors that underlie disasters: climate change, environmental degradation, global economic development, poverty/inequality, poorly planned urban development, weak governance, and geographical location.
This document discusses risk factors that influence disaster risk by increasing exposure, vulnerability, and reducing capacity. It identifies three main elements that determine risk: exposure (elements at risk), hazards (dangerous events), and vulnerability (susceptibility due to physical, social, economic factors). It then discusses several things to consider regarding risk factors like severity of exposure, gender/family impacts, age impacts, and economic impacts. Finally, it lists seven factors that underlie disasters: climate change, environmental degradation, global economic development, poverty/inequality, poorly planned urban development, weak governance, and geographical location.
This document discusses risk factors that influence disaster risk by increasing exposure, vulnerability, and reducing capacity. It identifies three main elements that determine risk: exposure (elements at risk), hazards (dangerous events), and vulnerability (susceptibility due to physical, social, economic factors). It then discusses several things to consider regarding risk factors like severity of exposure, gender/family impacts, age impacts, and economic impacts. Finally, it lists seven factors that underlie disasters: climate change, environmental degradation, global economic development, poverty/inequality, poorly planned urban development, weak governance, and geographical location.
This document discusses risk factors that influence disaster risk by increasing exposure, vulnerability, and reducing capacity. It identifies three main elements that determine risk: exposure (elements at risk), hazards (dangerous events), and vulnerability (susceptibility due to physical, social, economic factors). It then discusses several things to consider regarding risk factors like severity of exposure, gender/family impacts, age impacts, and economic impacts. Finally, it lists seven factors that underlie disasters: climate change, environmental degradation, global economic development, poverty/inequality, poorly planned urban development, weak governance, and geographical location.
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RISK FACTORS
-Are processes or conditions, often development-
related, that influence the level of disaster risk by increasing levels of exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity 3 important elements Exposure • the elements at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event (Quebral, 2016). 3 important elements Hazard •a potentially dangerous physical occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that may result in; Loss of life or injury Property damage, Social and economic disruption, or Environmental degradation. 3 important elements Vulnerability • the condition determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United nation, FAO2008). Things to consider when risk factors underlying disasters are involved: Severity of exposure • which measures those who experience disaster first-hand which has the highest risk of developing future mental problems, followed by those in contact with the victims such as rescue workers and health care practitioners and the lowest risk are those most distant like those who have awareness of the disaster only through news. Things to consider when risk factors underlying disasters are involved: Gender and Family • the female gender suffers more adverse effects. • This worsens when children are present at home. • Marital relationships are placed under strain. Things to consider when risk factors underlying disasters are involved: Age • adults in the age range of 40-60 are more stressed after disasters but in general, children exhibit more stress after disasters than adults do. Things to consider when risk factors underlying disasters are involved: Economic status of country • evidence indicates that severe mental problems resulting from disasters are more prevalent in developing countries like the Philippines. Things to consider when risk factors underlying disasters are involved: Economic status of country • Furthermore, it has been observed that natural disasters tend to have more adverse effects in developing countries than do man-caused disasters in developed countries. Factors which underlic disasters 1. Climate Change - can increase disaster risk in a variety of ways – by altering the frequency and intensity of hazards events, affecting vulnerability to hazards, and changing exposure patterns. For most people, the expression <climate change= means the alteration of the world’s climate that we humans are causing such as burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other practices that increase the carbon footprint and concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Factors which underlic disasters 2. Environmental Degradation - changes to the environment can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and vulnerability to these hazards. For instance, deforestation of slopes often leads to an increase in landslide hazard and removal of mangroves can increase the damage caused by storm surges (UNISDR, 2009b). Factors which underlic disasters 3. Globalized Economic Development - It results in an increased polarization between the rich and poor on a global scale. Currently increasing the exposure of assets in hazard prone areas, globalized economic development provides an opportunity to build resilience if effectively managed. By participating in risk- sensitive development strategies such as investing in protective infrastructure, environmental management, and upgrading informal settlements, risk can be reduced. Dominance and increase of wealth in certain regions and cities are expected to have increased hazard exposure (Gencer, 2013) . Factors which underlic disasters 4. Poverty and Inequality - Impoverished people are more likely to live in hazard- exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures. The lack of access to insurance and social protection means that people in poverty are often forced to use their already limited assets to buffer disaster losses, which drives them into further poverty. Poverty is therefore both a cause and consequence of disaster risk (Wisner et al., 2004), particularly extensive risk, with drought being the hazard most closely associated with poverty (Shepard et al., 2013) Factors which underlic disasters 5. Poorly planned and Managed Urban Development - A new wave of urbanization is unfolding in hazard-exposed countries and with it, new opportunities for resilient investment emerge. People, poverty, and disaster risk are increasingly concentrated in cities. The growing rate of urbanization and the increase in population density (in cities) can lead to creation of risk, especially when urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and occurring in a context of widespread poverty. Growing concentrations of people and economic activities in many cities are seen to overlap with areas of high-risk exposure Factors which underlic disasters 6. Weak Governance - weak governance zones are investment environments in which public sector actors are unable or unwilling to assume their roles and responsibilities in protecting rights, providing basic services and public services. Disaster risk is disproportionately concentrated in lower-income countries with weak governance (UNISDR, 2015a). Factors which underlic disasters 7. Geographical Location - The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to natural disasters. The country's location makes it vulnerable to storms that cause flooding, mudslides, and typhoons. Furthermore, the Philippines is vulnerable to tsunamis due to the presence of offshore trenches such as the Manila Trench. Regrettably, the list does not stop there. The Philippines also sits above the Ring of Fire, a path that runs through the Pacific Ocean basin THANK YOU