Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2016

2nd Edition
Chapter 1
Introduction to Windows Server 2016

© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or
service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. 1
 Objectives
Identify the key features of each Windows Server 2016 edition
Understand the hardware requirements for Windows Server 2016
Understand important general features of Windows Server 2016
Plan a Windows Server 2016 networking model
Explore introductory concepts for the networking protocols, IPv4
and IPv6, used by Windows Server 2016
Configure and enable TCP/IP in Windows Server 2016

© 2018 Cengage. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-p
rotected website for classroom use.
 Windows Server 2016 Editions

• Windows Server 2016 platforms:

• Windows Server 2016 Essentials Edition
• Windows Server 2016 Standard Edition
• Windows Server 2016 Datacenter Edition
• Additional Windows Server 2016 platforms targeted for specific-purpose
niches:
• Windows Server 2016 Multipoint Premium Server
• Windows Storage Server 2016
• Windows Hyper-V Server 2016

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 Windows Server 2016 Essentials Edition

• Windows Server 2016 Essentials Edition supports a maximum of:

• 25 users
• Up to 64 GB RAM
• 2 CPU sockets
• No support for Hyper-V
• In addition:
• This edition cannot join a domain, other than to migrate files and data from one
server to another
• Provides most, but not all server roles
- Does not provide a role for hosting virtual machines and cannot provide cloud services

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 Windows Server 2016 Standard Edition

• Standard Edition provides:

• File and print services
• Secure Internet connectivity
• Centralized management of users
• Centralized management of applications and network resources
• Includes Hyper-V which enables servers to offer a virtualization environment
• Up to 4 TB of RAM and 64 CPU sockets
• Up to 2 Hyper-V containers
• Clustering – the ability to increase the access to server resources and provide fail-safe
services by linking two or more computer systems so they appear to function as one
• Supports clusters up to 16 computers

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Windows Server 2016 Clustering

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 Windows Server 2016 Datacenter Edition

• Designed for environments with:

• Mission-critical applications
• Very large databases
• Very large virtualization requirements
• Cloud computing needs
• Information access requiring high availability
• Offers support for clustering up to 64 computers
• Supports up to 4 TB RAM, 64 CPU sockets
• Unlimited Hyper-V containers

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 Windows Server 2016 Multipoint Premium Server

• Multipoint services
• Enable many users to share the same physical computer through each person
connecting a keyboard, monitor, and mouse to a USB hub that is connected to a server
• Windows Server 2016 Multipoint Premium Server
• Offered to educational customers as a way to provide volume licensing
• The Multipoint Services role is included as a regular server role in Standard and
Datacenter Editions

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wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Windows Storage Server 2016

• Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) that focus on storage solutions for

organizations
• Can offer Windows Storage Server 2016 on the server-based products they sell
• Windows Storage Server 2016
• Turns a server into a central storage center for data
• Takes advantage of storage utilities offered in Windows Server 2016

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wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016

• Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016

• A free download of a basic server system that enables you to use Hyper-V
• Use this if you want to learn more about how Hyper-V works or to set up a basic
Hyper-V system

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Using Windows Server 2016 with Client Systems

• The client workstation operating system most compatible with Windows Server
2016:
• Windows versions 7, 8, 8.1, and 10
• Windows 10 being the most compatible in terms of client management
• Client
• A computer that accesses resources on another computer via a network
• Workstation
• A computer that has its own central processing unit (CPU) and can be used as a stand-
alone or network computer

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Windows Server 2016 Features

• Features include:
• Server Manager
• Security
• Clustering
• Enhanced Web services
• Windows Server Core and Nano Server
• Windows PowerShell
• Virtualization
• Reliability
• Multitasking and multithreading
• Physical and logical processors
• Containers

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 Server Manager

• Server Manager
• Enables the server administrator to manage critical configuration features from inside
one tool
• Server Manager is used to:
• Configure a server from the beginning
• View computer configuration information.
• Change server roles and system properties
• Configure networking
• Configure Remote Desktop
• Configure security, including the firewall
• Add and remove features
• Run diagnostics
• Manage storage and backups
• Manage multiple servers from one place

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
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 Security

• When you install Windows Server 2016, add a feature, or install a Windows
component
• An essential level of security is automatically implemented
• Other security features include:
• File and folder permissions
• Security policies
• Encryption of data
• Event auditing
• Various authentication methods
• Server management and monitoring tools

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Clustering and Clustering Tools

• Windows Server 2016 offers tools to:

• Test a cluster to ensure it is set up to accomplish the tasks for which it is intended
• Migrate configuration settings from one cluster to another
• Quickly configure a cluster and troubleshoot problems
• Set up storage used in a cluster
• Create better cluster storage performance and reliability
• Secure a cluster and enable it to use new network capabilities

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Enhanced Web Services

• Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)

• Transforms Windows Server 2016 into a versatile Web server
• IIS has been designed to:
• Include over 40 modules
- Intended to enable IIS to have a lower attack surface
• Provide easier application of IIS patches
• Make it easier for network programmers to write network applications and configure
applications for the Web

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 Windows Server Core and Nano Server

• Windows Server Core

• A minimum server configuration
• Designed to function in a fashion similar to traditional UNIX and Linux servers
• Does not provide the following:
- A graphical interface, just a command line
- Graphical tools to configure the server
- Extra services that you do not need

• Windows Nano Server

• A new installation option in Windows Server 2016
• Smaller footprint than Server Core
• Provides a basic foundation for server computing
• Intended to be faster and need less maintenance

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Windows PowerShell

• Windows PowerShell
• A command-line interface that offers a shell
- A customized environment for executing commands and scripts
• Scripts are files that contain commands to be run by a computer OS
• Offers over 130 command-line tools, also called cmdlets
• Can perform the following tasks with PowerShell:
• Manage disk storage
• Manage network tasks
• Set up local and network printing options
• Install, list, and remove software applications
• View information about the local computer, including user accounts
• Manage services and processes
• Lock a computer or log off
• Manage IIS Web services

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Virtualization

• Hyper-V provides the ability to run two or more operating systems on a single
computer
• The Hyper-V capabilities include the following:
• Compatible with clustering
• Can be used with Windows and Linux operating systems
• Compatible with different types of disk storage methods
• Enables fast migration from one computer to another
• Can house 64-bit and 32-bit operating systems

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Reliability

• The operating system kernel runs in privileged mode

• Protects it from problems created by a malfunctioning program or process
• The kernel consists of the core programs and the computer code of the
operating system
• Privileged mode gives the operating system kernel an extra level of security
from intruders
• Prevents system crashes due to poorly written applications
• Process
• A computer program or portion of a program that is currently running
• Protected process
• One for which outside influences are restricted

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Multitasking and Multithreading

• Multitasking
• The ability to run two or more programs at the same time
• Multithreading
• The capability of programs written to run several program code blocks, or ‘‘threads,’’
at the same time
• Preemptive multitasking
• Each program runs in an area of memory separate from areas used by other programs
• Reduces the risk of one program interfering with the smooth running of another
program

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Physical and Logical Processors

• Physical processor
• Is plugged into a processor socket on the motherboard of the computer
• Windows Server 2016 can support up to 64 sockets for physical processors
• Logical processor
• A core than can run its own executable threads
• One physical processor can house several logical processors
• Virtual processor
• A logical processor or one or more of its cores that function for the use of a specific
VM
• With Hyper-V in use
• Windows Server 2016 supports up to 320 logical processors

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 Containers

• Using a container establishes a separate layer or engine for each application

• Windows Server 2016 offers two types of containers:
• Windows server containers – run through process and user-mode isolation
• Hyper-V containers – involve a separate container for each VM running in Hyper-V
- This approach eliminates the change that a rogue application in one container might attack
other containers

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Planning a Windows Server 2016 Networking Model (1 of 2)

• Network
• A communications system enabling computer users to share computer equipment,
application software, and data, voice, and video transmissions
• Contains computers joined by communications cabling or sometimes by wireless
devices
• Workstation or client network operating system
• Enables individual computer to access a network, and in some cases to share
resources
• Peer-to-peer networking
• Focuses on spreading network resource administration among server and nonserver
members of a network
• Server-based networking
• Centralizes the network administration on one or more servers

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Planning a Windows Server 2016 Networking Model

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Peer-to-Peer Networking (1 of 2)

• Uses workstations to share resources such as files and printers and to connect
to resources on other computers
• No special computer is needed to enable workstations to communicate and share
resources
• Can be effective for very small networks
• Disadvantages
• Management of network resources is decentralized
• As the network increases in size, administration becomes more difficult
• Lack of security of resources

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Peer-to-Peer Networking

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
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 Server-Based Networking (1 of 2)

• Server
• A single computer that provides extensive multiuser access to network resources
• Can handle hundreds of users at once
- Fast response when delivering the shared resource
- Less network congestion when multiple workstations access that resource

• Advantages
• Users only need to log on once to gain access to network resources
• Security is stronger
• Computer resource sharing can be arranged to reflect the work patterns of groups
within an organization
• The server administrator can save time when installing software upgrades

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
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Server-Based Networking (2 of 2)

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wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Automated Address Configuration (1 of 2)

• Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

• Used to automatically configure the TCP/IP settings for a computer without using a
DHCP server
• Computer automatically assigns itself an IP address from the reserved range of
169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254 and a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0
• Appropriate for small organizations that have only one network segment and do not
need to access another network or the Internet
• Automatic configuration can be disabled through the Windows Server 2016
Registry
• Registry is a database used to store information about the configuration, program
setup, devices, drivers, and other data important to the setup of Windows OSs

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wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Automated Address Configuration (2 of 2)

• Dynamic Addressing Through a DHCP Server

• Common for medium-sized and large networks
• You must first install and configure a DHCP server on the network
• In addition to assigning the IP address, the DHCP server can also assign the subnet
mask, default gateway, DNS server, and other IP settings
• Using a DHCP server can save you a great deal of administrative effort

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
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 Chapter Summary (1 of 2)

• The Windows Server 2016 main platforms include Essentials Edition, Standard
Edition, and Datacenter Edition
• Windows Server 2016 also offers specific-purpose platforms that include
Windows Server 2016 Multipoint Premium Server, Windows Storage Server
2016, and Windows Hyper-V Server 2016
• Windows Server 2016 includes many vital features for security, networking,
clustering, virtualization, cloud computing, reliability, database handling, and
multitasking and multithreading
• The two types of networking models used by Windows Server 2016 are peer-to-
peer networks and server-based networks
• Peer-to-peer networking is intended for small networks

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 Chapter Summary (2 of 2)

• TCP/IP is the default protocol installed with Windows Server 2016 and is an
industry-standard suite of protocols and application utilities that enable
communication across local and wide area networks
• Two versions of IP are IPv4 and IPv6
• Every network device must have a unique IP address to ensure network
connectivity and the delivery of data
• An IPv6 address uses eight 16-bit fields in hexadecimal format separated by
colons and includes addressing rules to enable address prefixes
• IP addresses can be manually configured using static addressing or
automatically configured, using APIPA or dynamic addressing through a DHCP
server

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© 2018 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or other
wise on a password-protected website for classroom use.