MGMT306 Environmental Ethics Powerpoint Presentation

VALUE,ETHICS AND CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
PSDA-1
SUBMITTED BY:-
TANYA CHAUHAN-A3104621052
RITIKA CHAUHAN-A3104621075
ENVIRONMENTAL
ETHICS
WHAT IS
ENVIRONMENTAL
ETHICS?
• Environmental ethics is a branch of
philosophy that examines the ethical
relationship between humans and
the environment. It involves the
study of moral values and principles
concerning how we ought to treat
the natural world. Environmental
ethics addresses questions about
the moral responsibility humans
have towards the environment,
ecosystems, and the myriad species
that inhabit the Earth.
• Biodiversity Conservation:
Environmental ethics underscores the intrinsic
value of all species, encouraging efforts to
preserve biodiversity
IMPORTANCE • Sustainable Resource Management:
Environmental ethics promotes the principle of
OF sustainability, ensuring that resources are used
ENVIRONMEN in a way that meets current needs without
compromising the ability of future generations
TAL ETHICS to meet their own needs.
• Climate Change Mitigation:
Environmental ethics calls for responsible
actions to address climate change, recognizing
the ethical obligation to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions and limit global temperature rise.
ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES
• Anthropocentrism:
Anthropocentrism is a human-centered perspective that places humans at
the center of ethical considerations, often valuing human interests and well-
being above those of other species and ecosystems.
• Biocentrism:
Biocentrism extends ethical considerations beyond humans to include all
living organisms, recognizing the intrinsic value of individual living entities.
• Ecocentrism:
Ecocentrism takes a holistic approach, valuing entire ecosystems and the Earth
as a whole, considering the health and well-being of the entire ecological
system.
DEEP ECOLOGY
• Deep Ecology is a philosophical and
environmental movement developed by the
Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess. Arne
Naess introduced the concept in the early
1970s, and it has since become a significant
influence in environmental ethics and
ecological thought. Deep Ecology challenges
anthropocentric views and promotes a more
profound, ecocentric understanding of
humanity's place in the natural world.
• KEY PRINCIPLES OF DEEP ECOLOGY:-
• Biospherical Equality
• Self-Realization
• Anti-Anthropocentricism
PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
• Intrinsic Value:
Recognizes that the environment, including ecosystems, species,
and individual organisms, has intrinsic value independent of its
utility to humans. This principle emphasizes that nature has worth
in and of itself.
• Interconnectedness:
Emphasizes the interconnected and interdependent nature of
ecosystems and all living organisms. This principle underscores the
idea that changes or disturbances in one part of an ecosystem can
have far-reaching consequences.
PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
• Ethical Considerations in Decision-Making:

Urges individuals, organizations, and policymakers to consider the
ethical dimensions of their decisions and actions. This principle
involves evaluating the moral implications and consequences of
human activities on the environment.
• Precautionary Principle:
Suggests taking preventive action in the face of uncertainty and
potential risks to the environment. This principle emphasizes the
need to avoid actions that could cause irreversible harm, even if
the full extent of the consequences is not fully understood.
LAND ETHIC
Aldo Leopold's "Land Ethic" is a KEY PRINCIPLES OF LAND ETHIC:-
foundational concept in environmental
ethics, presented in his influential
Interconnectedness
work, "A Sand County Almanac."
Published posthumously in 1949,
Leopold's writings have had a Individual responsibility
profound impact on the

environmental movement, shaping the Holistic view of land
ethical framework for responsible and
sustainable interactions with the Biophilia
natural world.
CASE STUDY-
DEEPWATER
HORIZON OIL SPILL
• The Deepwater Horizon oil spill,

one of the largest environmental
disasters in history, occurred on
April 20, 2010, in the Gulf of
Mexico. The incident involved a
blowout on the Deepwater
Horizon offshore drilling rig,
resulting in the release of millions
of barrels of oil into the Gulf over
a period of several months.
CAUSES OF THE OIL SPILL
• Pressure test misinterpreted

The crew carried out various pressure tests to determine whether the well was sealed or not.
The results of these tests were misinterpreted, so they thought the well was under control.
• No gas alarm
The rig had an onboard gas detection system that should have sounded the alarm and
triggered the closure of ventilation fans to prevent the gas reaching potential causes of
ignition, such as the rig’s engines. This system failed.
• No battery for BOP
PEOPLE INVOLVED AND AFFECTED
• BP (British Petroleum): The company responsible for the drilling

operation.
• Government Agencies (e.g., EPA, NOAA): Responsible for regulating
offshore drilling and responding to environmental emergencies.
• Local Communities: Coastal communities, fishermen, and tourism-
based businesses directly impacted by the spill.
• Marine Ecosystem: The diverse marine life in the Gulf of Mexico
affected by the oil spill.
• Environmental Impact: The spill caused extensive
damage to marine ecosystems, affecting wildlife,
fisheries, and habitats.
• Economic Consequences: Local communities reliant
on fishing and tourism suffered economic losses due
ETHICAL to the contamination of waters and coastal areas.
• Responsibility and Accountability: Questions arose
ISSUES about BP's responsibility for the spill, its response,
and the adequacy of regulatory oversight.
• Short-Term Profit vs. Long-Term Consequences: The
pursuit of short-term economic gains through
offshore drilling raised questions about the long-
term environmental and societal consequences.
RESPONSE AND
RESOLUTION
• Legal Consequences: BP faced extensive legal
action, including fines and compensation
claims, highlighting the legal accountability for
environmental damages.
• Environmental Restoration: Efforts were made
to clean up the spill and restore affected
ecosystems, but the long-term impacts
persisted.
• Regulatory Changes: The incident prompted
reevaluation of offshore drilling regulations
and safety practices to prevent similar
accidents in the future.
CONCLUSION
• The Deepwater Horizon oil spill serves as a stark example of the ethical
challenges associated with environmental disasters in industrial activities. It
underscores the importance of responsible corporate conduct, effective
regulatory oversight, and the need for ethical decision-making to prevent
and address environmental catastrophes. The case also highlights the
interconnectedness of environmental, economic, and social factors,
emphasizing the importance of balancing short-term interests with long-
term sustainability.
CASE STUDY- THE BHOPAL GAS
TRAGEDY
• The Bhopal Gas Tragedy occurred on the night of December 2-3, 1984, at the Union
Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, India. A lethal gas leak of
methyl isocyanate (MIC) resulted in one of the deadliest industrial disasters in
history.
• At 11-30, pm. When workers in the plant realized that there was a MIC leak
somewhere: their eyes began to tear. A few of them went to the MIC structure and
noticed a drop of liquid with yellowish-white gas, about 50 feet off the ground. They
told the supervisor who, however, decided to deal with the leak after the tea break
which ended at 12:40 night. Meanwhile, the events had moved very fast.
CAUSES OF THE INCIDENT
• The refrigeration system to keep the gas cool was closed for since
long.
• All three tanks were filled in while one ought to have been kept
empty to use as an emergency bypass.
• The computerized pressure/temperature sensing system, a
warning device to give the alarm and control the situation at the
time of abnormal conditions was not installed.
• The public siren was put on around 1 am. nearly an hour after the
gas leakage and that too for a few minutes.
ETHICAL ISSUES
• Safety Negligence: Concerns about safety measures, maintenance,

and adherence to protocols at the UCIL plant.
• Corporate Responsibility: The ethical responsibility of Union Carbide
Corporation for the disaster and its aftermath.
• Health Impacts: Thousands of deaths and long-term health
consequences for survivors, raising ethical concerns about the well-
being of affected individuals.
• Compensation and Accountability: Issues of providing fair
compensation to victims and holding the responsible parties
accountable.
RESPONSE AND RESOLUTION
• Legal Settlement: Union Carbide Corporation reached a legal

settlement with the Indian government in 1989, agreeing to pay
compensation of $470 million for the victims.
• Medical Relief and Rehabilitation: Ongoing efforts by the Indian
government, NGOs, and medical organizations to provide medical care,
rehabilitation, and support for survivors.
• Legacy Issues: The site continues to face environmental contamination,
and issues related to corporate responsibility persist, with survivors
and activists advocating for justice and accountability.
CONCLUSION
• The Bhopal Gas Tragedy remains a landmark case in

environmental ethics, emphasizing the critical need for
responsible corporate conduct, stringent safety measures, and
government oversight in industries dealing with hazardous
materials. The ethical considerations surrounding the tragedy
extend to issues of justice, compensation, and long-term support
for affected communities, highlighting the broader implications of
industrial disasters on human well-being and the environment.

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VALUE,ETHICS AND CORPORATE

• Ethical Considerations in Decision-Making:

profound impact on the

• The Deepwater Horizon oil spill,

• Pressure test misinterpreted

• BP (British Petroleum): The company responsible for the drilling

• Safety Negligence: Concerns about safety measures, maintenance,

• Legal Settlement: Union Carbide Corporation reached a legal

• The Bhopal Gas Tragedy remains a landmark case in

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