Dry Cooling Tower
Dry Cooling Tower
Dry Cooling Tower
PLEASE REMEMBER Only 2.5 % of the worlds water is fresh water. And a tiny fraction (0.007%) of all water on earth is accessible for direct human uses. Wet Condenser cooling for 1000 MW plant requires 3000 M3/ Hr water, which can feed Rural Population of ONE Million.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 1
Please Ponder
Power generators will benefit by water conservation as local & regional supplies will last longer. So future plant operation will be guaranteed.
VIDARBHA
Just think about 35000 40000 MW upcoming Thermal Projects in Vidarbha. H.C.S.D. system for ash disposal and Dry Cooling can ensure water supply for DRINKING AND IRRIGATION in this dry area. The State can have POWER and save precious water for Drinking & Irrigation. Water pollution will greatly reduce.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 4
Water needs of a Thermal Power Station A 210 MW TPS needs water for-
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Boiler water make-up (D.M. Water-25 M3 / Hr) Drinking Water ( 5.0 M3 / Hr) Water for Wet Ash Handling (750 M3 / Hr) Cooling Tower water Make-up ( 650 M3 / Hr) Service Water ( 10 M3 / Hr) Total = 1440 M / Hr.
Typical lean slurry disposal has slurry concentration of 15-20 % only.(20% ash in slurry). i.e. 100 M.T. of ash needs 400 M3 of Water. But High Concentration Slurry Disposal system need only 65-70 M3 of Water for 100 MT ash. A reduction of 330 M3 of water consumption for 100 MT of Ash. MORE THAN 80% SAVING OF WATER. HCSD system is running successfully at Khaperkheda TPS for last 11 years.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 7
Examples of EXTRA COST 1. Parli TPS Huge barrage on Godavari and two stage pumping of water. Reservoir at Naikotwadi. 2. Paras TPS Barrage. 3. Koradi & Khaperkheda TPS 7 day reservoir and 22 Km long pipe line of 1600 mm dia.Bridges on Kolar & Kanhan rivers. 4. Also construction of Salt Lagoons at all power stations and Soften Water plants. 5. Chlorination plants. (Ozonization Plants.) 6. Serious damages to Cooling Towers and repair costs at Nasik & Koradi TPS.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 11
Some Costing Evaporative Cooling Tower- 270 MW unit 22.0 Crores Total Plant cost 270 x 6.0 =1620.0 Cr. Dry Cooling Tower 22 x 2.5 = 55.0 Cr. Extra expenditure = 33.0 Cr.only Salt consumption 2000 MT/Yr, @ Rs.2000 /MT, Cost Rs.40 lakhs/year. 25 years cost = 10 Cr. There is saving in cost of salt lagoons, Godowns, Softening plant etc. Huge saving in annual cost of water itself.(Next slide) No blow downs and water pollution.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 12
Considering all the costs, HELLER cooling system cost can be as low as 2/3rd of Conventional Wet Cooling System.
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In US and Europe
Dry cooling in the U.S. is not limited to arid regions but is also specified for plants sited in eastern, northern, and mountain areas where water is abundant. In recent years, there are many more reasons to consider dry cooling in general, and the air-cooled condenser (ACC) in particular, than just the lack of available water. Dry cooling applications are becoming a standard power plant design option. In fact, even areas with abundant water resources--like England, Ireland, Belgium, Luxemburg, and northern Italy are adopting the technology. The largest combined-cycle plant in Europe is rated at 1,200 MW and uses an air-cooled condenser.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 15
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FREE COOLING
. An indirect dry-cooling system was installed at the 6 x 686-MW power plant in Kendal, South Africa. In this cooling system design, water is circulated from a standard condenser to the tower, where it enters a series of heat exchange elements on the base. Air enters the bottom periphery of the tower, passing over heat exchange elements. The heated air rises inside the tower, pulling in more cool air. No fans are required.
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Waterless condensing
Steam enters the air-cooled condenser at the top (blue pipe) of the heat exchangers, flows downward through the heat exchanger tubes, and it condenses and is captured in pipes at the base of the heat exchangers. The condensate is then returned to the boiler water system. Mechanical fans force air over the heat exchangers.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 19
DRY COOLING MAY BE N.D.C.T. OR I.D.C.T. Heller system is an indirect dry cooling plant. The Power Plant Waste Heat is initially transferred in a Condenser (Preferably Jet Type) to a CLOSED C.W.Circuit. Heat pick-up by the C.W. Water is rejected to Ambient Air in FIN TUBE type heat exchanger. Air moving can be either Natural or Forced. i.e. N.D.C.T. OR I.D.C.T.
Air Cooled Condensor/adp 20
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Largest Dry Cooled CCPP 3 x 770 MW GEBZE & ADAPAZARI 2002 TURKEY.
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